scholarly journals The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Paris Agreement: Challenges of the Conference of the Parties

Prolegómenos ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (43) ◽  
pp. 125-136
Author(s):  
Lara Santos Zangerolame Taroco ◽  
Ana Cecília Sabbá Colares
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
International Treaty ◽  
United Nations Framework Convention ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Atmospheric Concentrations

The purpose of this article is to analyze, within the scope of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, how the Conference of the Parties provides a new locus for discussion within the International Environmental Law. Increasing scientific evidence about the possibility of global climate change in the 1980s led to growing awareness that human activities have been contributing to substantial increases in the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. Concerned with it, on December 11, 1990, the 45th session of the un General Assembly adopted a resolution that established the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee for a Framework Convention on Climate Change (INC/FCCC). It was the beginning of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and also the beginning of the establishment of the Conferences of the Parties, which is currently in its 25th edition. The Paris Agreement was negotiated at the 21st edition of the Conference of the Parties and is the central theme of this study because of its rel- evance in the context of emission reduction. The Paris Agreement was created in December 2015, and the work on climate change had just begun. The final text of the Paris Agreement addresses important topics. Nonetheless, the document lacks clarity on many subjects, which were intentionally left aside in order to reach consensus to finish the Paris Committee’s work. Considering this scenario and the challenges arising from this international treaty, the article analyzes the Conferences already held until the Paris Agreement. It also reviews the COP21 negotiations from 2015, taking into account a historical comprehension of the in- ternational concern over climate change, and the documents created by the Conference. Finally, this article discusses the developments and setbacks on the subject since 1997, and the objections made by interna- tional actors at the COP21 negotiations.

Paris Agreement

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 740-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara A. Horowitz
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
Global Response ◽  
United Nations Framework Convention ◽  
The United Nations

The Paris Agreement sets forth a new international legal regime aimed at strengthening the global response to climate change. It was adopted in December 2015 at the annual gathering of parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The Paris Agreement sits within and implements the Convention.

scholarly journals Development of UN Framework Convention on Climate Change Negotiations under COP25: Article 6 of the Paris Agreement perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Asadnabizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Major Step ◽  
Climate Change Negotiations ◽  
United Nations Framework Convention ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Political Act ◽  
High Level

AbstractDevelopment of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change Negotiations (UNFCCC) is based on the Conference of the Parties meetings. The Paris accord is a political act setting goals to, operationalize the rulebook agreement. The 24th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in Poland agreed on a set of guidelines for implementing the landmark 2015 Paris Climate Change Agreement. Katowice was a major step forward for operationalizing the Paris Agreement perspective though the negotiations were incomplete. The Article 6 chapter- market and non-market cooperative approaches- is being sent for completion to the next COP in Santiago. The present research has stressed that in COP25, article 6 would increase high level engagement of countries to finalize guidance with a perspective to prepare a decision by the end of the COP.

scholarly journals The Evolution of the UNFCCC

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 343-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Kuyper ◽  
Heike Schroeder ◽  
Björn-Ola Linnér
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Kyoto Protocol ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Industrial Country ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Voluntary Contributions ◽  
Top Down ◽  
United Nations Framework Convention ◽  
Climate Action

This article takes stock of the evolution of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) through the prism of three recent shifts: the move away from targeting industrial country emissions in a legally binding manner under the Kyoto Protocol to mandating voluntary contributions from all countries under the Paris Agreement; the shift from the top-down Kyoto architecture to the hybrid Paris outcome; and the broadening out from a mitigation focus under Kyoto to a triple goal comprising mitigation, adaptation, and finance under Paris. This review discusses the implications of these processes for the effectiveness, efficiency, and equity of the UNFCCC's institutional and operational settings for meeting the convention's objectives. It ends by sketching three potential scenarios facing the UNFCCC as it seeks to coordinate the Paris Agreement and its relationship to the wider landscape of global climate action.

scholarly journals COP and the Cloth: Quantitatively and Normatively Assessing Religious NGO Participation at the Conference of Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

Sci ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
David Krantz
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Climate Politics ◽  
United Nations Framework Convention ◽  
Global North ◽  
Quantitative Examination ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Climate Crisis

How much is religion quantitatively involved in global climate politics? After assessing the role of the Conference of Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change from a normative perspective, this descriptive, transdisciplinary and unconventional study offers the first comprehensive quantitative examination of religious nongovernmental organizations that formally participate in its annual meetings, the largest attempts to solve the climate crisis through global governance. This study finds that although their numbers are growing, only about 3 percent of registered nongovernmental organizations accredited to participate in the conference are overtly religious in nature—and that more than 80 percent of those faith-based groups are Christian. Additionally, this study finds that religious nongovernmental organizations that participate in the conference are mostly from the Global North. The results call for greater participation of religious institutions in the international climate negotiations in order for society to address the planetary emergency of climate change.

scholarly journals Global climate adaptation governance: Why is it not legally binding?

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 540-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Hall ◽  
Åsa Persson
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
The Body ◽  
Global Public Good ◽  
Climate Regime ◽  
United Nations Framework Convention ◽  
The United Nations

In the last decade, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change has moved from a strong focus on mitigation to increasingly address adaptation. Climate change is no longer simply about reducing emissions, but also about enabling countries to deal with its impacts. Yet, most studies of the climate regime have focused on the evolution of mitigation governance and overlooked the increasing number of adaptation-related decisions and initiatives. In this article, we identify the body of rules and commitments on adaptation and suggest that there are more attempts to govern adaptation than many mitigation-focused accounts of the international climate regime would suggest. We then ask: to what degree are adaptation rules and commitments legalized in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change? We examine the degree of precision and obligation of relevant decisions through an extensive analysis of primary United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change documents, secondary literature on adaptation initiatives and institutions, interviews with climate change experts and negotiators, and participant observation at climate negotiations. Our analysis finds that adaptation governance is low in precision and obligation. We suggest that this is partly because adaptation is a contested global public good and because ‘package deals’ are made with mitigation commitments. This article makes a vital contribution to the global environmental politics literature given that adaptation governance is under-studied and poorly understood. It also contributes to the legalization literature by highlighting how contested global public goods may be governed globally, but with low obligation and precision.

scholarly journals Energy Efficiency and Urban Climate Adaption

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7627
Author(s):  
Yongrok Choi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Great Expectation ◽  
United Nations Framework Convention ◽  
Climate Adaption ◽  
The United Nations

When the 25th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP25) was held in Madrid, Spain from 2 to 13 December, 2019, there was a great expectation for the Paris Agreement to be implemented smoothly in a very transparent, predictable way [...]

scholarly journals COP and the Cloth: Quantitatively and Normatively Assessing Religious NGO Participation at the Conference of Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Krantz
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Climate Politics ◽  
United Nations Framework Convention ◽  
Global North ◽  
Quantitative Examination ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Climate Crisis

How much is religion quantitatively involved in global climate politics? After assessing the role of the Conference of Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change from a normative perspective, this descriptive, transdisciplinary and unconventional study offers the first comprehensive quantitative examination of religious nongovernmental organizations that formally participate in its annual meetings, the largest attempts to solve the climate crisis through global governance. This study finds that although their numbers are growing, only about 3 percent of registered nongovernmental organizations accredited to participate in the conference are overtly religious in nature — and that more than 80 percent of those faith-based groups are Christian. Additionally, this study finds that religious nongovernmental organizations that participate in the conference are mostly from the Global North. The results call for greater participation of religious institutions in the international climate negotiations in order for society to address the planetary emergency of climate change.

scholarly journals William Nordhaus’s climate club proposal: thinking globally about climate change economics

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoff Bertram
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Political Rhetoric ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
The Political ◽  
United Nations Framework Convention ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Climate Change Economics

‘Think globally, act locally’ has long been a rallying cry for progressives and green activists. In this article I stress the importance of thinking globally before acting locally in the wake of the 2015 Paris conference on climate change. Both the content of the Paris Agreement and the political rhetoric surrounding it feel like a return to 1992 following the signing of the Rio Declaration and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.

scholarly journals The Paris Climate Change Agreement: Where Does Africa Fit in?

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Theodore Okonkwo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
New York ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Member State ◽  
Financial Aid ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
African Continent ◽  
United Nations Framework Convention ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
The Impact

<p><em>The 195 member state parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) on December 2015 formally adopted the Paris Agreement on Climate Change. On April 22, 2016 not less than 175 world leaders converged on the United Nations Secretariat in New York and signed the Paris Agreement on Climate Change and 15 nations ratified it. As of March 1, 2017 133 countries have joined the Paris Agreement. The Paris Agreement on Climate Change is absolutely critical for Africa, a continent that is susceptible to the influence of climate change. The Paris Agreement on climate change is expected to assist the African continent obtain financial aid and cutting-edge technology to alleviate the impact of climate change. This article examines the Paris Climate Change Agreement in the context of its significance for Africa and asks whether the climate change deal is a worthwhile pact from an African standpoint or just an agreement relating to approaches that are standard and not tailored to the African peculiar needs, in other words, “one size fits all”</em><em>.</em></p>

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