CHANGES OF THE BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ANCHOVY IN THE BLACK SEA (ENGRAULIS ENCRASICOLUS, LINNAEUS 1758) DURING MIGRATION FOR WINTER

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mădălina Galaţchi ◽  
Daniela-Mariana Roşioru ◽  
Liviu-Daniel Galaţchi
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Engraulis Encrasicolus

Effect of starvation on the biochemical compositions and respiration rates of ctenophores Mnemiopsis leidyi and Beroe ovata in the Black Sea

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.E. Anninsky ◽  
G.A. Finenko ◽  
G.I. Abolmasova ◽  
E.S. Hubareva ◽  
L.S. Svetlichny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Mnemiopsis Leidyi ◽  
Total Organic Matter ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Beroe Ovata ◽  
Wet Weight

The proximate biochemical composition and metabolic rates of ctenophores Mnemiopsis leidyi and Beroe ovata from the Black Sea were examined with respect to starvation conditions. Although organic matter content in B. ovata was two times higher than that of M. leidyi (2.51 ±0.53 and 1.14 ±0.17 mg g-1 of wet weight, respectively), these species did not significantly differ in their biochemical composition. In both species protein formed about 80% of the total organic matter, lipids amounted to about 10%. Carbohydrate and amino acids measured separately made up less than 6.5% of the total organic matter. Under experimental starvation (18 days at 16—18°C for B. ovata and 8 days at 12.4°C for M. leidyi), wet weights of both ctenophore species were reduced by 9.4% and 9.3% d-1, respectively. The rate of organic matter decrease was nearly two times lower than that of wet weight being on average 5.9% d-1 in M. leidyi and 5.5% d-1 in B. ovata. There was no trend in percentage of the four major biochemical categories with starvation time. The glycogen content in polysaccharides reached maximum values in freshly collected ctenophores (76.0 ±7.9% in B. ovata, and 86.6% in M. leidyi), but it was reduced substantially (34.4 ±2.7% in B. ovata and 18.3—28.8% in M. leidyi) with starvation. Monosaccharide content, expressed as a percentage of total carbohydrate, decreased from 39.9% to 13.5% in B. ovata, and from 45.8% to 14.3—23.2% in M. leidyi. The relationship between respiration rate (R) and wet weight (W) of individuals during the starvation can be expressed by power function R = R1 Wk (r2=0.85—0.94; P>0.001) for both ctenophore species. On average, k values were 0.95 and 0.83 in B. ovata and in M. leidyi, respectively. By the end of the starvation, metabolic rate per unit wet weight decreased by 33% in B. ovata and 46% in M. leidyi. Organic matter utilization was almost totally explained by respiration of ctenophores in the experiments and exceeded metabolic requirements of studied species by 11% and 15%, correspondingly. As compared with Mnemiopsis, Beroe has better tolerance to starvation which explains to some extent the success of the species survival during prolonged periods of food shortage in the Black Sea conditions.

scholarly journals Long-term dynamic of reproductive performance of European anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus Linnaeus, 1758 and its connection with temperature

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-19
Author(s):  
G. V. Zuev ◽  
T. N. Klimova
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
European Anchovy ◽  
Engraulis Encrasicolus ◽  
European Anchovy Engraulis Encrasicolus ◽  
Calendar Dates

European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus Linnaeus, 1758) is one of the most numerous species of fish in the Azov-Black Sea basin. It is the main commercial fishery object, its share being about 80 %. Assessment of the functional state of the anchovy population and its dynamics in conditions of the climatic warming was one of the topical tasks in contemporary research. The paper is devoted to the study of a long-term dynamic of anchovy population: reproductive parameters and its relation with water temperature for the purpose of potential prediction. The results of our own investigations made in 2000–2015 in the area bordering the south-western coast of Crimean peninsula (Sevastopol–Balaklava region) have been considered in the paper. The eggs were collected with Bogorov – Rass net (BR-80/113) from the layer of 0–10 m. Adult specimen were caught with pound seines. 702 ichthyoplankton samples and 941 mature anchovy females (gonad maturation stage V, VI–IV and VI–V) were analyzed. Calendar dates and duration of spawning season, intensity and efficiency of spawning, intraspecific composition of mature anchovy females were researched. Calendar dates of anchovy spawning beginning near the south-western coast of Crimea in 2000–2014 varied from the 2ⁿᵈ decade of May (early spawning) to the 3ʳᵈ decade of June (late spawning); finishing dates – from the 3ʳᵈ decade of August to the 3ʳᵈ decade of September. Total reproductive period duration was 8–14 weeks, average – 11 weeks. In long-term plan the time shift for earlier calendar dates was determined at the start of the spawning. Maximum peak of spawning intensity in 2012–2013 varied from 33.6 to 78.7 % (average 51.2 %). Peak of population spawning was in July – August, its repeatability in July – 25 and in August 66.7 %. The peak spawning shift to the earlier time was determined in perennial plan: in 2000–2005 years peak spawning periodicity amounts in August to 100 %; in 2007–2013 – only 50 %. Absolute number of eggs (spawning efficiency) change from 1.6 to 29.9 specimen·m-2 in 2000–2014 years (average 10.3 specimen·m-2). Low, average and high yielding years with number of eggs less than 10, 10–20 and more than 20.0 specimen·m-2 were determined. The average spawning efficiency was: 5.1, 14.5 and 25.0 specimen·m-2 respectively. Spawning efficiency in high-yielding years exceeded 1.7 and 4.9 times the efficiency of low and average-yielding years. In long-term plan the positive efficiency spawning trend was determined. In 2000–2001 the intraspecific structure reconstruction of anchovy took place, followed by redistribution of numerical relation in composition of spawning part of the Azov and the Black Sea subspecies in favor of the last one. In 2000–2004 relative abundance of Black Sea anchovy amounted 33.3 %, in 2005–2011 years – 76.7 %. Simultaneously a considerable catch growth was registered. Сorrelation coefficient of the Black Sea anchovy’s relative abundance and catch was 0.92. Calendar time of spawning beginning, its intensity and efficiency are closely connected with the water temperature. Lower temperature limit for mass spawning was 17.5 °С. The region of “maximum favorable spawning temperature” lays in the range of 23 °C and warmer. Nearly 2/3 of population reproductive potential is realized within this temperature range.

scholarly journals Stable C and N Isotope Composition of European Anchovy, Engraulis encrasicolus, from the Marmara Sea and the Black Sea

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1087-1091
Author(s):  
Tanju Mutlu
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Nitrogen Isotope ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Marmara Sea ◽  
Δ13c And Δ15n ◽  
European Anchovy ◽  
Engraulis Encrasicolus ◽  
European Anchovy Engraulis Encrasicolus

The aim of this study is to determine the stable isotope ratios of anchovy caught in the Black Sea and Marmara Sea. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios (δ13C, δ15N) of European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) were estimated at four sampling sites (İğneada, İstanbul, Trabzon and Hopa) in the Black Sea and Marmara Sea (Turkey). δ13C and δ15N values of European anchovy ranged from -22.31 to -19.19 ‰ and from 3.81 to 12.79 ‰, while C/N ratios ranged from 2.01 to 6.21 in muscle tissue of European anchovy, respectively. İğneada station had more depleted δ13C values and more enriched δ15N values than other stations. This difference might be due to the terrestrial input and agricultural activities in this region.

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