Insect Populations on Bacillus thuringiensis Transgenic Sweet Corn

Insect populations and damage in three plantings (early, mid-, and late-season) of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) transgenic sweet corn were compared to a non-transgenic isoline at Charleston, SC, during 2000. The transgenic corn was expressing the crylA(b) gene from B. thuringiensis var. kurstaki. No fall armyworms, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), were present in the early-planted crop, and numbers of corn earworms, Heliocoverpa zea (Boddie), were significantly reduced in the Bt-transgenic corn compared to the non-Bt isoline. The non-Bt isoline had 65% H. zea infested ears compared to only 10% ears from the Bt-transgenic line. Damage and numbers of H. zea and S. frugiperda also were significantly higher in the non-Bt sweet corn planted in mid- and late-season plantings. Percent damaged ears by H. zea was 77% in the non-transgenic sweet corn and 21% in the Bt-sweet corn during the mid-season crop. In the late-planted crop, populations of H. zea averaged 15 per 120 ears in the non-BT isoline compared to less than 2 per 120 ears in the Bt-transgenic crop. Whorl damage by fall armyworms significantly reduced plant height in both mid-season and late-season non-transgenic crops but not in Bt-transgenic sweet corn. Numbers of other insects and spiders were low and not significantly different between the two treatments. Bt transformed sweet corn will play a major role in reducing populations of H. zea, S. frugiperda and limiting pesticides in this crop.

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Genetic Variability of Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Populations from Latin America Is Associated with Variations in Susceptibility to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry Toxins

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.01454-06 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 72 (11) ◽

pp. 7029-7035 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Rose Monnerat ◽

Erica Martins ◽

Paulo Queiroz ◽

Sergio Ordúz ◽

Gabriela Jaramillo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽

Genetic Variability ◽

Latin American ◽

Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽

Insect Pest ◽

Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Sodium Dodecyl ◽

Cry Toxins ◽

Geographical Regions ◽

Insect Populations

ABSTRACT Bacillus thuringiensis strains isolated from Latin American soil samples that showed toxicity against three Spodoptera frugiperda populations from different geographical areas (Mexico, Colombia, and Brazil) were characterized on the basis of their insecticidal activity, crystal morphology, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of parasporal crystals, plasmid profiles, and cry gene content. We found that the different S. frugiperda populations display different susceptibilities to the selected B. thuringiensis strains and also to pure preparations of Cry1B, Cry1C, and Cry1D toxins. Binding assays performed with pure toxin demonstrated that the differences in the toxin binding capacities of these insect populations correlated with the observed differences in susceptibility to the three Cry toxins analyzed. Finally, the genetic variability of the three insect populations was analyzed by random amplification of polymorphic DNA-PCR, which showed significant genetic diversity among the three S. frugiperda populations analyzed. The data presented here show that the genetic variability of S. frugiperda populations should be carefully considered in the development of insect pest control strategies, including the deployment of genetically modified maize in different geographical regions.

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In-Field Monitoring of Beneficial Insect Populations in Transgenic Corn Expressing a Bacillus thuringiensis Toxin

Journal of Entomological Science ◽

10.18474/0749-8004-36.2.177 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 177-187 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

Suzanne J. Wold ◽

Eric C. Burkness ◽

W. D. Hutchison ◽

Robert C. Venette

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

Coccinella Septempunctata ◽

Field Studies ◽

Significant Trend ◽

Bt Corn ◽

Predator Species ◽

Beneficial Insects ◽

Insect Populations ◽

Beneficial Insect

In 1998 and 1999, field studies were conducted near Rosemount, MN to assess the potential impact of transgenic sweet corn, transformed to express the Cry1Ab toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner var kurstaki (i.e., Bt corn), on several beneficial insects, including predatory coccinellids, chrysopids and anthocorids. Beneficial insects in both Bt and in non-Bt sweet corn were also monitored in field cages in 1999. Plants were visually sampled for beneficial insects by arbitrarily selecting 3 consecutive plants from each plot or 6 plants/cage. Rank transformed data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, which indicated no significant within-year differences in the overall density of beneficial insect populations between Bt and non-Bt sweet corn. Coleomegilla maculata (DeGeer) was the dominant predator species detected in 1998 and 1999. A significant trend (P < 0.05) was found for C. maculata larvae in open plots, with non-Bt treatments having higher C. maculata levels than Bt. Also, C. maculata larval and adult densities, for caged plots, showed a significant trend for higher counts in the in non-Bt corn. No additional differences in species diversity of beneficial insects were detected using Hills N1. Neither Hippodamia convergens Guérin-Ménville, Adalia bipunctata (L.), nor Coccinella septempunctata L. were observed during 1999. Although our test detected significant trends for higher densities of C. maculata in non-Bt corn, the results also suggest that longer-term in-field studies with higher sample sizes are needed to further characterize what may be relatively subtle population effects in the field.

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Cannibalism of Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Transgenic Corn Versus Non-Bt Corn

Journal of Economic Entomology ◽

10.1093/jee/99.3.728 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 99 (3) ◽

pp. 728-732 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Charles F. Chilcutt

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽

Helicoverpa Zea ◽

Bt Corn ◽

Transgenic Corn ◽

Lepidoptera Noctuidae

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Molecular characterization and distribution of Bacillus thuringiensis cry1 genes from Brazilian strains effective against the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda

Biological Control ◽

10.1016/j.biocontrol.2010.02.003 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 53 (3) ◽

pp. 360-366 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Fernando Hercos Valicente ◽

Edgard Augusto de Toledo Picoli ◽

Maria José Vilaça de Vasconcelos ◽

Newton Portilho Carneiro ◽

Andréia Almeida Carneiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽

Molecular Characterization ◽

Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽

Fall Armyworm ◽

Cry1 Genes

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Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Strains from Northern Argentina: Esterases, Profiles, and Susceptibility to Bacillus thuringiensis (Bacillales: Bacillaceae)

Florida Entomologist ◽

10.1653/024.102.0209 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 102 (2) ◽

pp. 347 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Flavia del Valle Loto ◽

Alfonso Emanuel Carrizo ◽

Cintia Mariana Romero ◽

Mario Domingo Baigorí ◽

Licia María Pera

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽

Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽

Lepidoptera Noctuidae

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THE EFFECT OF LIQUID ORGANIC FERTILIZER CONCENTRATION ON GROWTH AND RESULS OF VARIOUS SWEET CORN LINES IN MARGINAL LAND USING A DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM

Agrivet ◽

10.31315/agrivet.v26i1.4305 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 8

Author(s):

Bambang Supriyanta ◽

Oktavia Sarhesti Padmini ◽

Danar Wicaksono ◽

Kundarto Kundarto

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Drip Irrigation ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Irrigation System ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Leaf Length ◽

Marginal Land ◽

High Porosity ◽

Drip Irrigation System

Utilization of the potential of marginal land with adequate water and nutrients is an important factor in increasing corn production. However, high porosity levels and low nutrient levels cause growth and production of corn is not optimal. The aim of this research is to obtain an irrigation technique combined with efficient fertilization in the sweet corn cultivation system in marginal land. The field research was carried out at Faculty of Agricultural Research Wedomartani, Depok Sleman Yogyakarta. The study was conducted from September 2019 to February 2020. The research aims to get best sweet corn line at various concentrations of liquid organic fertilizer in marginal land with a drip irrigation system.The research was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 replications. The first factor is sweet corn lines, which consists of 9 levels, namely, G1 (5042B), G2 (KD-11), G3 (KD-13), G4 (SB-11), G5 (SB-13), G6 (SB-14), G7 (SB-16), G8 (SB-21), and G9 (SB-22). While the second factor is the irrigation system combined with fertilization (fertigation) which consists of 3 levels, namely the drip irrigation system with a concentration of liquid supplement fertilizer 2 cc / L, 3 cc / L and 4 cc / L. The results showed that the drip fertigation system with a concentration of POC 3 cc / L was able to give a better effect on plant height and leaf length in sweet corn. SB / 1-3 lines was the best lines as prospective parents for making hybrid lines for plant height, leaf length, number of leaves and cob length.Keywords: lines, liquid organic fertilizer, sweet corn, marginal land, irrigation system

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Pertumbuhan Vegetatif dan Kadar Gula Biji Jagung Manis (Zea mays saccharata, Sturt) di Pekanbaru

Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian ◽

10.31849/jip.v13i2.947 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 73-78 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Surtinah Surtinah ◽

Seprita Lidar

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

Polynomial Regression ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Leaf Length ◽

Leaf Width ◽

Design Environment ◽

Corn Seed ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Corn Kernels

Research conducted an experiment using a completely randomized design environment with four replications, and the design of treatment used is six varieties of sweet corn. Analysis of data using polynomial regression, the parameters measured were plant height, leaf number, leaf length, leaf width, and sugar beans, followed by analyzing the relationship between the growth of plants with a sugar content of sweet corn kernels. The results showed that leaf width gives a weak relationship to the sugar content of sweet corn seed, and leaf length, number of leaves and plant height had a close relationship to the sugar content of sweet corn kernels.

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