scholarly journals Treatment of Multi-Fragment Diaphyseal Bone Fractures by Blocking Intramedullary Osteosynthesis Technique (Analysis of Errors and Complications)

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-211
Author(s):  
V.S. Kozopas ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
A.B.Ogly Mansyrov ◽  
V. Lytovchenko ◽  
M. Berezka ◽  
Ye. Garyachiy ◽  
Rami A.F. Almasri

COMPLICATIONS IN BLOCKING INTRAMEDULLARY OSTEOSYNTHESIS (review) Mansyrov A.B. Ogly, Lytovchenko V., Berezka M., Garyachiy Ye., Rami A.F. Almasri Treatment of diaphyseal bone fractures is a complicated, controversial and ambiguous task. Blocking intramedullary osteosynthesis, which became the standard of treatment, is also not perfect and accompanied by a number of complications. The reasons for their occurrence are connected both with defects in the organization of treatment of patients, and with tactical mistakes, the definition, generalization and prevention of which became the purpose of our study. It was found that typical tactical mistakes were: use of the method against the indications, non-compliance with the technology of blocking intramedullary osteosynthesis and the use of unsubstantiated and inadequate "proprietary methods", making their own "modifications" during the surgery and changing the course of operative intervention, excessive drilling of the bone marrow canal, significant intraoperative traumatism of bone fragments and surrounding soft tissues, incorrect type of lock or timely unfulfilled dynamization, lack of consistency and restorative and rehabilitative treatment. But the most negative effect on the anatomical recovery of the bone and functional recovery of the extremity was the bone marrow canal drilling, performed without the corresponding indications and technical disadvantages. It is obvious that the violation of the endostosis of the endostal negative effect on the reparative capabilities of bone tissue, inhibits the process of bone grafting and delay recovery. Therefore, there is no doubt that the further study of the effect of bone marrow duct penetration in the course of reparative osteogenesis is relevant and appropriate. Key words: blocking intramedullary osteosynthesis, tactical mistakes, fracture, long bones, drilling.   Резюме. УСКЛАДНЕННЯ ІНТРАМЕДУЛЯРНОГО БЛОКУЮЧОГО ОСТЕОСИНТЕЗУ (огляд) Мансиров А.Б. Огли, Литовченко В.О., Березка М.І., Гарячий Є.В., Рами A.Ф. Аль-масри Лікування діафізарних переломів кісток кінцівок є складним, спірним та неоднозначним завданням. Інтрамедулярний блокуючий остеосинтез, який став стандартом їх лікування, також не позбавлений недоліків і супроводжується низкою ускладнень. Причини їх виникнення пов'язані як з дефектами організації лікування хворих, так і з тактичними помилками, визначення, узагальнення та попередження яких і стали метою нашого дослідження. Виявлено, що типовими тактичними помилками є використання методу проти показань, недотримання технології інтрамедулярного блокуючого остеосинтезу та використання необгрунтованих та неадекватних «авторських» методик, внесення власних «поправок» під час виконання операції та зміна ходу оперативного втручання, надлишкове розсвердлювання кістково-мозкового каналу, значна інтраопераційна травматизація кісткових уламків та оточуючих м'яких тканин, невірний тип блокування або вчасно невиконана динамізація, відсутність послідовності у відновному та реабілітаційному лікуванні. Але найбільш негативний вплив на анатомічне відновлення кістки та функціональне відновлення кінцівки мало розсвердлювання кістково-мозкового каналу, виконане без відповідних на те показань і з технічними недоліками. Очевидно, що порушення цілосності ендосту негативно впливає на репаративні можливості кісткової тканини, гальмує процес кісткового зрощення та відтерміновує одужання. Тому не викликає сумнівів, що подальше вивчення впливу розсвердлювання кістково-мозкового каналу на перебіг репаративного остеогенезу є актуальним та доцільним. Ключові слова: інтрамедулярний блоковий остеосинтез, тактичні помилки, перелом, довга кістка, розсвердлювання.   Резюме. ОСЛОЖНЕНИЯ ИНТРАМЕДУЛЛЯРНОГО БЛОКИРУЮЩЕГО ОСТЕОСИНТЕЗА (огляд) Мансыров А.Б. Оглы, Литовченко В.А., Березка Н.И., Гарячий Е.В., Рами A.Ф. Аль-масри Лечение диафизарных переломов костей конечностей является сложной, спорной и неоднозначной задачей. Интрамедуллярный блокирующий остеосинтез, который стал стандартом их лечения, также имеет недостатки и сопровождается рядом осложнений. Причины их возникновения связаны как с дефектами в организации лечения больных, так и с тактическими ошибками. Поэтому целью исследования было их определение, обобщение и пути предупреждения. Установлено, что типичными тактическими ошибками были: применение метода без показаний, нарушение его технологии и применение необоснованных и неадекватных «авторских» методик, внесение собственных «поправок» во время выполнения операции и изменение хода оперативного вмешательства, избыточное рассверливание костно-мозгового канала, значительная интраоперационная травматизация костных отломков и окружающих мягких тканей, неправильно выбранный тип блокирования или не вовремя выполненная динамизация, отсутствие преемственности в восстановительном и реабилитационном лечении. Однако наиболее негативное влияние на анатомическое восстановление кости и функциональное восстановление конечности имело рассверливание костно-мозгового канала, выполненное без соответствующих показаний и с техническими огрехами. Очевидно, что нарушение целостности эндоста негативно влияет на репаративные возможности костной ткани, тормозит процесс костного сращения и отдаляет выздоровление.Поэтому не вызывает сомнений, что дальнейшее изучение влияния рассверливания костно-мозгового канала на течение репаративного остеогенеза является актуальным и целесообразным. Ключевые слова: интрамедуллярный блокирующий остеосинтез, тактические ошибки, перелом, длинная кость, рассверливание.


2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (01) ◽  
pp. 37-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan H. Muratli ◽  
Feza Korkusuz ◽  
Petek Korkusuz ◽  
Ali Bicimoglu ◽  
Z. Sevim Ercan

It is assumed that bosentan, a non-selective ET-1 receptor antagonist, will enhance fracture healing. The aim of this prospective randomized controlled study was to investigate the effects of transcutaneous bosentan administration into diaphyseal bone fractures using radiology, histology, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and leukotrien C 4 (LTC4) activity measurements. A closed diaphyseal fracture was created in the hind limbs following intramedullary rod fixation of Guinea pigs. Bosentan was administred by repetitive weekly 0.1 μg transcutaneous injections into the fracture site. The effects of bosentan were evaluated by radiology and histology on weeks 1, 2 and 4, whereas prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)-like and leukotrien C 4 (LTC4)-like activity was assessed on weeks 1 and 2. The radiological degree of union (p = 0.001) at the fracture site and cortex-callus ratio (p = 0.02) was significantly better in the bosentan administered site at week 1 when compared to the control. Histology presented an initial stimulation of bone formation on weeks 1 and 2 in the experimental group. PGE2-like activity was significantly higher (p = 0.002) on week 1 and 2 in the bosentan-administered side. LTC4-like activity remained constant on week one and decreased on week two. Transcutaneous repetitive bosentan administration into the fracture site initially stimulated periosteal bone healing that resulted with extracellular matrix mineralization. The inflammatory mediators PGE2/LTC4 played a significant role in this process.


2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-84
Author(s):  
A. D Yamkovoi ◽  
N. S Gavruyshenko ◽  
V. I Zorya

Type A fractures by AO classification were simulated on eight human cadaveric specimens (2 shoulder segments, 3 femur and 3 crus segments). Fixion nails with plastic deformation were used for fixation. The magnitude of force resulting in bone fragments displacement was determined using universal machine at CITO test laboratory. On the basis of the obtained results the recommendations on the potential load in early postoperative period were given.


Morphologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
O.A. Hryhorieva ◽  
Yu.Yu. Abrosimov ◽  
V.V. Chornyi

Background. In Ukraine, there has recently been an increase in the number of limb bone fractures among the population, in particular, due to increase in the number of elderly people, which is associated with the development of age-related osteoporosis and fragility of bones. Therefore, the use of artificial implants in traumatology is becoming increasingly important. The search for new bioinert and biodegradable materials, that are capable of providing rapid fracture consolidation and do not require repeated surgical intervention, continues. Objective. To elaborate a model for the research of using carbon-carbon composite nail for intramedullary osteosynthesis in laboratory rats with fractures of femur and tibia in norm and with experimental osteoporosis. Methods. The work investigated the lower limbs of 6 groups of Wistar rats. The first part of the study involved 4 groups of rats with modeled tibial fracture with subsequent osteosynthesis in norm and with experimental osteoporosis. The second part of the research included two groups of laboratory rats with modeled femur fracture. In both parts we used metal injection needle, as well as carbon-carbon composite nail for osteosynthesis. Results. All animals underwent surgery well, stepped on the injured limb. X-ray examination after the osteosynthesis demonstrated satisfactory reposition of the fragments. One month after modeled fracture in rats with experimental osteoporosis a violation of the normal consolidation of the fracture was observed, especially in the group where carbon-carbon composite nails were used for osteosynthesis. Further, until the 180th day after the surgery there were no peculiarities, function of the limbs was restored, mainly without expressed angular deformities. Conclusion. The above mentioned model was successfully elaborated for the research of using carbon-carbon composite nail for intramedullary osteosynthesis in laboratory rats with fractures of femur and tibia in norm and with experimental osteoporosis.


Author(s):  
A. D. Yamkovoi ◽  
N. S. Gavruyshenko ◽  
V. I. Zorya

Type A fractures by AO classification were simulated on eight human cadaveric specimens (2 shoulder segments, 3 femur and 3 crus segments). Fixion nails with plastic deformation were used for fixation. The magnitude of force resulting in bone fragments displacement was determined using universal machine at CITO test laboratory. On the basis of the obtained results the recommendations on the potential load in early postoperative period were given.


2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (05) ◽  
pp. 408-419
Author(s):  
Frans G. van Heerden ◽  
Robert M. Kirberger ◽  
Marthinus J. Hartman

Abstract Objective The purpose of this study was to introduce a modified-Unger fracture classification in impala and report the findings of 58 long bone fractures classified according to this system. Methods This was a retrospective radiographical study evaluating 122 radiographs of 58 long bone fractures in 55 impala. The Unger fracture classification was modified and fracture illustrations for the metacarpal and metatarsal bones added. Each fracture was classified and assigned a four symbol α-numeric code using our classification. The patient signalment, skeletal maturity, fracture-associated soft tissue changes, presence of fissure lines, periosteal reaction and cause of the fracture were recorded. Results The overall fracture distribution based on location, found tibial (n = 17) fractures to be the most common fractured long bone. When combined, the majority of fractures involved the metacarpal and metatarsal bones (n = 23). Forty five of 58 fractures occurred in the diaphyseal bone segment. In all long bones, the distribution based on complexity was simple (n = 27), wedge (n = 16) and multi-fragmentary (n = 15) fractures. Thirty one of 58 fractures were open and fissure lines were detected in 20 of 58 fractures. Clinical Significance Our modified-Unger fracture classification was applicable in classifying 58 impala long bone fractures. This classification should provide the basis for further advances in veterinary and comparative ungulates, and particularly the antelopes, orthopaedics and traumatology.


2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeny G. Skryabin ◽  
Maxim A. Sorokin ◽  
Mikhail A. Akselrov ◽  
Viktoria A. Emelyanova ◽  
Sergey V. Naumov ◽  
...  

Abstract. Skeletal bone fractures in newborns present a problem of modern traumatology. Aim. The goal is to present the use of the method of intramedullary osteosynthesis in the treatment of a pathological fracture of the right femur in a newborn girl to a wide audience of pediatric orthopedic traumatologists. Material and methods. We have experience in the treatment of a 6-day-old girl, who was born with intrauterine growth retardation and bowel disease. On the second day of stay in the intensive care unit, she had a pathological fracture of the right femur. Diagnosis of the pathological fracture was established based upon the results of clinical examination and radiography of the injured limb segment. Results. Immediately after the diagnosis, the right lower limb of the child was fixed with a plaster bandage. On the control radiographs, the standing of the bone fragments were unsatisfactory, and a decision was made to use the intramedullary osteosynthesis method with a knitting needle on the 6th day after birth of the child. The need for surgical treatment of a fracture of the femur was due to a congenital abnormality of the intestine in the child, and a need to perform surgery on the abdominal organs. Discussion. Spontaneous fracture of the right femur occurred in the child in treatment in the intensive care unit. The cause of the fracture was osteopenic syndrome, which developed as a result of vitamin D deficiency. During the first 12 days of her life, the newborn had two laparoscopic operations to address the intestinal pathology. Four weeks after the operation using osteosynthesis, the metal from the bone marrow channel of the right femur was removed. After the removal of the needle, the correct axis of the operated segment was fixed to the same length of the lower extremities. The patient had absence of pathological mobility in the fracture region, and full amplitude of movements in the knee and hip joints. Conclusion. When receiving fractures of the femur, both traditionally used conservative methods of treatment, as well as surgical methods can be used on newborn children. This is especially true, when a newborn has an accompanying congenital pathology of the internal organs requiring immediate treatment.


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