Intraoral Bone Regeneration Using Stem Cells - What a Clinician Needs to Know: Based on a 15-Year MEDLINE Search

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanshika Jain ◽  
Deborah Sybil ◽  
Shubhangi Premchandani ◽  
Meenakshi Krishna ◽  
Sanjay Singh
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Human Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Jaw Defects

The choice of an appropriate autogenous source of stem cells has not been adequately addressed especially for intraoral bone regeneration. The current review aims to assess the clinical success of various human stem cells in oral bone regeneration. Articles studying the potential of various stem cells utilized for reconstruction of intraoral bone defects in humans were included in this review. Relevant articles were electronically searched in MEDLINE-PubMed database using keywords with different combinations. Only the articles published in English between 2006 and 2020 were included in this review. It was concluded that intra and extraoral stem cells can be successfully used for bone regeneration of various jaw defects. Depending on the origin, quantity, and quality, each cell type has its own advantages and disadvantages. Also, it brings to the fore the need for more clinical studies to validate and adopt the use of stem cells in regular clinical practice.

scholarly journals The Potential of Different Origin Stem Cells in Modulating Oral Bone Regeneration Processes

Cells ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smaranda Dana Buduru ◽  
Diana Gulei ◽  
Alina-Andreea Zimta ◽  
Adrian Bogdan Tigu ◽  
Diana Cenariu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
Stem Cell Isolation ◽  
The Right

Tissue engineering has gained much momentum since the implementation of stem cell isolation and manipulation for regenerative purposes. Despite significant technical improvements, researchers still have to decide which strategy (which type of stem cell) is the most suitable for their specific purpose. Therefore, this short review discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the three main categories of stem cells: embryonic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells in the context of bone regeneration for dentistry-associated conditions. Importantly, when deciding upon the right strategy, the selection needs to be made in concordance with the morbidity and the life-threatening level of the condition in discussion. Therefore, even when a specific type of stem cell holds several advantages over others, their availability, invasiveness of the collection method and ethical standards become deciding parameters.

scholarly journals Comparative RNAi Screens in Isogenic Human Stem Cells RevealSMARCA4as a Differential Regulator

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ceren Güneş ◽  
Maciej Paszkowski-Rogacz ◽  
Susann Rahmig ◽  
Shahryar Khattak ◽  
Martin Wermke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Human Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Neural Lineage ◽  
Powerful Approach

SUMMARYLarge-scale RNAi screens are a powerful approach to identify functions of genes in a cell-type specific manner. For model organisms, genetically identical (isogenic) cells from different cell-types are readily available, making comparative studies meaningful. For humans, however, screening isogenic cells is not straightforward. Here, we show that RNAi screens are possible in genetically identical human stem cells, employing induced pluripotent stem cell as intermediates. The screens revealedSMARCA4(SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily A member 4) as a stemness regulator, while balancing differentiation distinctively for each cell type.SMARCA4knockdown in hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPC) caused impaired self-renewalin-vitroandin-vivowith skewed myeloid differentiation; whereas in neural stem cells (NSC), it impaired selfrenewal while biasing differentiation towards neural lineage, through combinatorial SWI/SNF subunit assembly. Our findings pose a powerful approach for deciphering human stem cell biology and attribute distinct roles toSMARCA4in stem cell maintenance.

scholarly journals Bone Regeneration: A Novel Osteoinductive Function of Spongostan by the Interplay between Its Nano- and Microtopography

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 654
Author(s):  
Thomas Vordemvenne ◽  
Dirk Wähnert ◽  
Julian Koettnitz ◽  
Madlen Merten ◽  
Nadine Fokin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Sio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Collagen Sponge ◽  
Human Stem Cells ◽  
Scaffold Materials

Scaffold materials for bone regeneration are crucial for supporting endogenous healing after accidents, infections, or tumor resection. Although beneficial impacts of microtopological or nanotopological cues in scaffold topography are commonly acknowledged, less consideration is given to the interplay between the microscale and nanoscale. Here, micropores with a 60.66 ± 24.48 µm diameter ordered by closely packed collagen fibers are identified in pre-wetted Spongostan, a clinically-approved collagen sponge. On a nanoscale level, a corrugated surface of the collagen sponge is observable, leading to the presence of 32.97 ± 1.41 nm pores. This distinct micro- and nanotopography is shown to be solely sufficient for guiding osteogenic differentiation of human stem cells in vitro. Transplantation of Spongostan into a critical-size calvarial rat bone defect further leads to fast regeneration of the lesion. However, masking the micro- and nanotopographical cues using SiO2 nanoparticles prevents bone regeneration in vivo. Therefore, we demonstrate that the identified micropores allow migration of stem cells, which are further driven towards osteogenic differentiation by scaffold nanotopography. The present findings emphasize the necessity of considering both micro- and nanotopographical cues to guide intramembranous ossification, and might provide an optimal cell- and growth-factor-free scaffold for bone regeneration in clinical settings.

scholarly journals Citrate-based materials fuel human stem cells by metabonegenic regulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (50) ◽  
pp. E11741-E11750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuying Ma ◽  
Xinggui Tian ◽  
Jimin P. Kim ◽  
Denghui Xie ◽  
Xiang Ao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Femoral Condyle ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Tissue Response ◽  
Cellular Growth ◽  
Human Stem Cells ◽  
Energy Status ◽  
Cell Energy

A comprehensive understanding of the key microenvironmental signals regulating bone regeneration is pivotal for the effective design of bioinspired orthopedic materials. Here, we identified citrate as an osteopromotive factor and revealed its metabonegenic role in mediating citrate metabolism and its downstream effects on the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Our studies show that extracellular citrate uptake through solute carrier family 13, member 5 (SLC13a5) supports osteogenic differentiation via regulation of energy-producing metabolic pathways, leading to elevated cell energy status that fuels the high metabolic demands of hMSC osteodifferentiation. We next identified citrate and phosphoserine (PSer) as a synergistic pair in polymeric design, exhibiting concerted action not only in metabonegenic potential for orthopedic regeneration but also in facile reactivity in a fluorescent system for materials tracking and imaging. We designed a citrate/phosphoserine-based photoluminescent biodegradable polymer (BPLP-PSer), which was fabricated into BPLP-PSer/hydroxyapatite composite microparticulate scaffolds that demonstrated significant improvements in bone regeneration and tissue response in rat femoral-condyle and cranial-defect models. We believe that the present study may inspire the development of new generations of biomimetic biomaterials that better recapitulate the metabolic microenvironments of stem cells to meet the dynamic needs of cellular growth, differentiation, and maturation for use in tissue engineering.

Testing Human Stem Cells in Primates

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (16) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
GUY McKHANN
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Human Stem Cells

Placenta mesenchymal stem cells on a chorion scaffold as a potential osteogenic graft for peripartal bone regeneration

2008 ◽  
Vol 68 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Mohr ◽  
BC Portmann-Lanz ◽  
A Schoeberlein ◽  
R Sager ◽  
DV Surbek
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Regeneration

Human stem cells transplantation to the subretinal space of the retina in the experiment

2020 ◽  
pp. 259-260
Author(s):  
A.A. Mikaelyan ◽  
◽  
N.L. Sheremet ◽  
A.Y. Andreev ◽  
A.A. Plyukhova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Subretinal Space ◽  
Human Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cells Transplantation

In vivo Evaluation of a Collagen Scaffold Preconditioned with Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Used for Bone Regeneration A histological study

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 691-695
Author(s):  
Tudor Sorin Pop ◽  
Anca Maria Pop ◽  
Alina Dia Trambitas Miron ◽  
Klara Brinzaniuc ◽  
Simona Gurzu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Collagen Scaffold ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Collagen Scaffolds ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation ◽  
Calvarial Bone ◽  
Bone Apposition

The use of collagen scaffolds and stem cells for obtaining a tissue-engineering complex has been an important concept in promoting repair and regeneration of the bone tissue. Such units represent important steps in the development of an ideal scaffold-cell complex that would sustain new bone apposition. The aim of our study was to perform a histologic evaluation of the healing of critical-sized bone defects, using a biologic collagen scaffold with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, in comparison to negative controls created in the adjacent bone. We used 16 Wistar rats and according to the study design 2 calvarial bone defects were created in each animal, one was filled with collagen seeded with adipose-derived stem cells and the other one was considered negative control. During the following month, at weekly intervals, the animals were euthanized and the specimens from bone defects were histologically evaluated. The results showed that these scaffolds were highly biocompatible as only moderate inflammation no rejection reactions were observed. Furthermore, the first signs of osseous healing appeared after two weeks accompanied by angiogenesis. Collagen scaffolds seeded with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells can be considered a promising treatment option in bone regeneration of large defects.

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