scholarly journals Determination of emission factors for nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds emitted from jewelry making workshops

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farham Aminsharei ◽  
Elham Asgari Kheirabadi ◽  
Amirreza Talaiekhozani
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Emission Factors ◽  
Pure Oxygen ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Pollutants Emission ◽  
Welding System

Introduction: Air pollution is a major problem in Isfahan, one of the major cities of Iran. A large number of jewelry making workshops are located in Isfahan, yet there is insufficient information about their pollutants emission rates. The aim of this study is to determine the emission factors of nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in Isfahan’s jewelry making workshops. Materials and methods: In the first step of this study, some jewelry making workshops were visited to find nitrogen oxides and VOCs emission sources. It was revealed that the only possible source of nitrogen oxides and VOCs in these workshops was use of the oxy fuel welding system used to melt gold. In the second step, a set of experiments was conducted to determine the emission factors of nitrogen oxides and VOCs while working with the oxy fuel welding system. Results: The results of this study showed that the emission factor of nitrogen oxides in the oxy fuel welding system was 0.64 kg/kg consumed natural gas. It was also found that no VOCs were emitted while working with the oxy fuel welding system, since sufficient pure oxygen was produced in this system. Interview with managers of some jewelry making workshops showed that the average natural gas consumption in each workshop was 22 kg. Therefore, each jewelry making workshop in Isfahan emitted nearly 14.08 kg of nitrogen oxide per month. Conclusion: It is revealed that in 2018, 81100.8 kg nitrogen oxides were emitted from jewelry making workshops into Isfahan’s atmosphere.

Emission Factors of Microbial Volatile Organic Compounds from Environmental Bacteria and Fungi

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (15) ◽  
pp. 8272-8282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawel K. Misztal ◽  
Despoina S. Lymperopoulou ◽  
Rachel I. Adams ◽  
Russell A. Scott ◽  
Steven E. Lindow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Emission Factors ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Microbial Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Environmental Bacteria ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

scholarly journals Fluxes and concentrations of volatile organic compounds from a South-East Asian tropical rainforest

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 8391-8412 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Langford ◽  
P. K. Misztal ◽  
E. Nemitz ◽  
B. Davison ◽  
C. Helfter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Atmospheric Chemistry ◽  
Carbon Flux ◽  
Tropical Rainforest ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Reactive Carbon ◽  
Volatile Organic

Abstract. As part of the OP3 field study of rainforest atmospheric chemistry, above-canopy fluxes of isoprene, monoterpenes and oxygenated volatile organic compounds were made by virtual disjunct eddy covariance from a South-East Asian tropical rainforest in Malaysia. Approximately 500 hours of flux data were collected over 48 days in April–May and June–July 2008. Isoprene was the dominant non-methane hydrocarbon emitted from the forest, accounting for 80% (as carbon) of the measured emission of reactive carbon fluxes. Total monoterpene emissions accounted for 18% of the measured reactive carbon flux. There was no evidence for nocturnal monoterpene emissions and during the day their flux rate was dependent on both light and temperature. The oxygenated compounds, including methanol, acetone and acetaldehyde, contributed less than 2% of the total measured reactive carbon flux. The sum of the VOC fluxes measured represents a 0.4% loss of daytime assimilated carbon by the canopy, but atmospheric chemistry box modelling suggests that most (90%) of this reactive carbon is returned back to the canopy by wet and dry deposition following chemical transformation. The emission rates of isoprene and monoterpenes, normalised to 30 °C and 1000 μmol m−2 s−1 PAR, were 1.6 mg m−2 h−1 and 0.46mg m−2 h−1 respectively, which was 4 and 1.8 times lower respectively than the default value for tropical forests in the widely-used MEGAN model of biogenic VOC emissions. This highlights the need for more direct canopy-scale flux measurements of VOCs from the world's tropical forests.

Selected problems concerning volatile organic compounds emission reduction from thick-veneer pine plywood

2020 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 131-20
Author(s):  
Martyna Dyrwal ◽  
Piotr Borysiuk
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Carbonyl Compounds ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Caproic Acid ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Wood Material ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Higher Temperature

Selected problems concerning volatile organic compounds emission reduction from thick-veneer pine plywood. The paper presents results of research conducted on volatile organic compounds emissions, considering two different production parameter sets for thick-veneer pine plywood, manufactured in industrial conditions. Both types of plywood were produced from raw wood material, which was hydrothermally treated under two different variants of parameters (I – 47˚C, 19 h; II – 55˚C, 24 h). Based on the results it was stated that severe hydrothermal treatment of raw wood material (longer soaking time, higher temperature) had impact on reduction of plywood VOC emission rates. Main VOCs emitted from pine plywood were monoterpenes and carbonyl compounds. Of the monoterpenes, α-pinene and 3-carene had the highest emission. Of the carbonyl group of compounds, the highest emission had hexanal and caproic acid.

First Comprehensive Measurements of Emission Rates of Greenhouse Gases, Volatile Organic Compounds and Reduced Sulfur Compounds from a Tailings Pond in the Alberta Oil Sands

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Staebler ◽  
Samar Moussa ◽  
Yuan You ◽  
Hayley Hung ◽  
Maryam Moradi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Oil Sands ◽  
Regulatory Compliance ◽  
Sulfur Compounds ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Reduced Sulfur Compounds ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Reduced Sulfur

<p>Canada’s Oil Sands Region in northern Alberta contains the world’s largest deposits of commercially exploited bitumen. Extraction of synthetic crude oil from these deposits is a water intensive process, requiring large ponds for water recycling and/or final storage of tailings, already covering a total of over 100 km<sup>2</sup> of liquid surface area in the Athabasca Oil sands. The primary extraction tailings ponds primarily contain sand, silt, clay and unrecovered bitumen, while a few secondary extraction ponds also receive solvents and inorganic and organic by-products of the extraction process. Fugitive emissions of pollutants from these ponds to the atmosphere may therefore be a concern, but until recently, data on emission rates for many pollutants, other than a few reported under regulatory compliance monitoring, were sparse. We present here the results from a comprehensive field campaign to quantify the emissions from a secondary extraction pond to the atmosphere of 68 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), 22 polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs), 8 reduced sulfur compounds as well as methane, carbon dioxide and ammonia. Three micrometeorological flux methods (eddy covariance, vertical gradients and inverse dispersion modeling) were evaluated for methane fluxes to ensure their mutual comparability. Methane and carbon dioxide fluxes were similar to previous results based on flux chamber measurements. Emission rates for 12 PACs, alkanes and aromatic VOCs, several sulfur species, and ammonia were found to be significant. PACs were dominated by methyl naphthalenes and phenanthrenes, while diethylsulfide and  and n-heptane were the dominant reduced sulfur and VOC species, respectively. The role of these previously unavailable emission rates in regional pollutant budgets will be discussed.</p>

Exposure to volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides and lung function in Mexican Preschoolers

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (1) ◽  
pp. 4694
Author(s):  
Albino Barraza-Villarreal ◽  
Maria Consuelo Escamilla-Nuñez ◽  
Leticia Hernandez-Cadena ◽  
Efrain Navarro-Olivos ◽  
José Luis Texcalac Sangrador ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Volatile Organic
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