scholarly journals Long-Term Dynamics of Institutions: Using ABM as a Complementary Tool to Support Theory Development in Historical Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Molood Ale Ebrahim Dehkordi ◽  
Amineh Ghorbani ◽  
Giangiacomo Bravo ◽  
Mike Farjam ◽  
René van Weeren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theory Development ◽  
Support Theory

scholarly journals Decision-making in Russia’s Foreign Policy Modelling Russia’s Decision-Making with reference to Ukraine and Moldova (2004-2018)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Kristine Zaidi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Actor Model ◽  
General Applicability ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Policy Decision Making

There is a substantial body of literature on Russian foreign policy; however, the decision-making aspect remains comparatively less explored. The ambition of this research developed in two directions; on a practical level, it contributes to knowledge on Russia’s foreign policy decision-making and, on a conceptual plane, to scholarship by way of theory development, underpinning academic research on decision-making in foreign policy. Russia’s decision-making was first viewed through the prism of the Rational Actor Model and Incrementalism; however, their utility was found to be limited. Blended models also did not figure strongly. Through the prism of author’s proposed model of Strategic Incrementalism and its principles, this research demonstrates that Russia’s foreign-policy decision-making is far from a case of ‘muddling through,’ it retains a long-term purposefulness, and that its incremental decisions are guided by farsightedness. The simplicity and general applicability of the model potentially suggest its broader utility.

Has research on the internationalization of firms from an IMP perspective resulted in a theory of internationalization?

IMP Journal ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Gebert Persson ◽  
Lars-Gunnar Mattsson ◽  
Christina Öberg
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Content Type ◽  
B2b Marketing ◽  
Industrial Marketing ◽  
Business To Business

Purpose – Recently, increased interest has been devoted to discuss theory development in relation to business-to-business (B2B) marketing. The purpose of this paper is to explore these thoughts through describing and analyzing research on the internationalization of firms from an Industrial Marketing and Purchasing (IMP) perspective. The authors ask: to what extent have these studies resulted in a theory of internationalization? Design/methodology/approach – The paper is conceptual and frames research on the internationalization of firms by means of definitions, domains, relations of variables and predictions. It looks into research on internationalization based on an IMP-inspired network perspective to see to what extent research has resulted in theories of internationalization. Findings – While there have been substantial efforts on theorizing related to IMP-based internationalization studies, the research has not yet resulted in theory. Research limitations/implications – In this paper one phenomenon was selected that has already been addressed in IMP research, namely, the internationalization of firms. Had the authors chosen another phenomenon previously studied in IMP the findings might had turned out differently. Originality/value – The paper makes a contribution to understanding how ideas are developed, used and referenced in long-term research development for the specific phenomenon of internationalization. The paper contributes to the debate on theories within B2B research.

scholarly journals Customer Experience Management: Underexplored Instrument for Customer Transformation

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (37) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Havíř
Keyword(s):  
Theory Development ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Customer Experience ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Digital Products ◽  
Customer Experience Management ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Perception Gap ◽  
Development Approach

Purpose of the article: The purpose of this article is to identify the role the customer experience plays in the transformation of the customer and to develop a theory that brings together related concepts in order to position the phenomenon of customer experience in the macromarketing context.Methodology/methods: The grounded theory development approach is based upon the sequential search and content analysis of the research papers acquired primarily from Scopus and Web of Science databases and by the process of citation chaining.Scientific aim: The aim of this article is to identify customer experience related concepts and relationships between them to lay the foundation for empirical research in the area of customer experience and transformation management.Findings: The research points out to the significant role of the customer experience in the transformation of the customer and therefore to the necessity to approach marketing initiatives to customer experience management thoroughly to achieve the desired marketing results, but also responsibly and ethically to promote growth not the degradation of the society.Conclusions: The cycle of the customer transformation as outlined through the conceptual model contains weak spots which can provide free space for negative effects of the company’s outputs on the customer. The trend of digitisation and digital products can significantly amplify this possibility and increase the overall negative effect. From another standpoint, several problematic spots can cause difficulties for companies intentionally trying to transform the customer through their outputs, namely intent-result gap, reality-perception gap, single-part gap, and experience-memory gap.Scientific research in this area might support the effectiveness of marketing initiatives, increase transparency in the field of customer experience and transformation, and lead to increased customers’ well-being, long-term happiness, life satisfaction, and quality of life.

scholarly journals Assessing Outcomes of Long-Term Research Collaboration

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-46
Author(s):  
Elizabeth G. Creamer
Keyword(s):  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Lead Author ◽  
Intellectual Content

This paper explores the link between research collaboration and innovation among faculty, as indicated by a self-reported assessment of the contribution of a co-authored publication to knowledge. Findings challenge the assumption that collaborators are rarely involved in theory development and the practice of crediting only the lead author for the intellectual content of a co- authored publication.

scholarly journals AI Grand Challenges for Education

AI Magazine ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 66-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beverly Park Woolf ◽  
H. Chad Lane ◽  
Vinay K. Chaudhri ◽  
Janet L. Kolodner
Keyword(s):  
Universal Access ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Educational Resources ◽  
First Century ◽  
Educational Goals ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Instructional Systems ◽  
Instructional Behavior ◽  
Novel Theory

This article focuses on contributions that AI can make to address long-term educational goals. It describes five challenges that would support: (1) mentors for every learner; (2) learning twenty-first century skills; (3) interaction data to support learning; (4) universal access to global classrooms; and (5) lifelong and life-wide learning. A vision and brief research agenda are described for each challenge along with goals that lead to access to global educational resources and the reuse and sharing of digital educational resources. Instructional systems with AI technology are described that currently support richer experiences for learners and supply researchers with new opportunities to analyze vast data sets of instructional behavior from big databases, containing elements of learning, affect, motivation, and social interaction. Personalized learning is described using computational tools that enhance student and group experience, reflection, and analysis, and supply data for development of novel theory development.

scholarly journals The Perception of Infection Risks during the Early and Later Outbreak of COVID-19 in Germany: Consequences and Recommendations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Glöckner ◽  
Angela Rachael Dorrough ◽  
Tobias Wingen ◽  
Simone Dohle
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Exponential Growth ◽  
Perceived Control ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Rare Event ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Exponential Growth Phase ◽  
Personal Consequences ◽  
Shaped Pattern

In three studies (N = 1,055), we investigated the determinants and consequences of the perception of infection risks during the early and later outbreak of COVID-19 in Germany. Individuals’ perceived COVID-19 infection risk was reasonably in line with experts’ assessment but changed over time. The probability of the rare event of getting severely sick and hospitalized was overestimated. Overestimation increased in the exponential growth phase of the pandemic and later on decreased again, showing an inverse U-shaped pattern. Individuals showed biases in their risk perception concerning overconfidence and the underestimation of exponential growth of infection cases in the early phase of the pandemic. Forecasts were more accurate after the growth curve had flattened. Risk perceptions increased with perceived dread and tended to increase with perceived control over infection, the evaluation of scientific and own knowledge about the pandemic. Approval for the introduction of stricter governmental measures and acceptance of future vaccination measures was mainly influenced by rational utilitarian factors of risk perception (probabilities and utilities of outcomes). These rational influences were mediated by dread, but dread had an additional potentially irrational effect. Adherence to governmental recommendations was mainly driven by dread and positive expected long-term consequences of the measures. To a smaller degree, adherence increased with perceived personal consequences of infection and decreased with negative expected short-term consequences of these measures. Implications for theory development are discussed and recommendations to handle virus outbreaks are derived.

scholarly journals Theoretical Challenges for Distance Education in the 21st Century: A Shift from Structural to Transactional Issues

2000 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy Garrison
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Theoretical Development ◽  
Structural Constraints ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Education Theory

<P class=author><STRONG class=author>Randy Garrison</STRONG> <b>Abstract</b> <P class=abstract>The premise of this&#xa; article is that theoretical frameworks and models are essential to the long-term credibility and viability of a field of practice. In order to assess the theoretical challenges facing the field of distance education, the significant theoretical contributions to distance education in the last century are briefly reviewed. This review of distance education as a field of study reveals an early preoccupation with organizational and structural constraints. However, the review also reveals that the theoretical development of the field is progressing from organizational to transactional issues and assumptions. The question is whether distance education has the theoretical foundation to take it into the 21st century and whether distance education theory development will keep pace with innovations in technology and practice. </P>

scholarly journals The Rise of Supplementary Education in Sweden: Arguments, Thought Styles, and Policy Enactment

2020 ◽  
pp. 209653112095209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stina Hallsén
Keyword(s):  
National Policy ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
The Political ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Supplementary Education ◽  
Local Practice ◽  
Policy Enactment ◽  
Thought Styles

Purpose: This article focuses on the development of supplementary education, evolving under the label “homework support,” in Sweden between 2006 and 2018. Particular attention is paid to the significance of the private market for national policy. Design/Approach/Methods: Through a theoretical model on policy enactment, the interaction between national policy and local practice is highlighted. By analyzing how the local practice appears in documents related to state-regulated decision-making, the study gains further insights in the development of homework support in Sweden. Findings: This article argues that when private companies, offering supplementary tutoring, were established on the outskirts of the educational landscape in Sweden, the political educational discourse changed. Even though homework support became a given part of the political discussion about the school, the situation became difficult for private companies. Originality/Value: The article adds to the international field of shadow education. It describes the establishment of the private tutoring market’s entry into the Swedish educational landscape, which in the long term has provided a basis for a further Scandinavian development. Furthermore, the article contributes to theory development by a model that focuses on the interaction between policy formulation and local enactment.

scholarly journals Implications of University-Business Cooperation for Higher Education in a Time of Cybernetics: Emerging Trends and Dilemmas

1970 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
I. G. Tarasevich ◽  
A. Tarasevich
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Student Mobility ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Theory Development ◽  
Planning Theory ◽  
Business World ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
The University

Universities and business collaborate for their own ends that do not necessarily match. While the industry is always profit-driven and practice-oriented with primarily short-term goals in mind, the university focuses on strategic planning, theory development, and long-term goals. University-business collaboration (UBC) has diverse modes or activities among which the most common are: 1) research and development (R&D); 2) mobility of academic staff; 3) student mobility; 4) curriculum development and delivery; 5) lifelong learning. While the focus of UBC is on conducting practice-oriented research, each university and enterprise have their own unique combinations of activities that reflect their goals and needs. All the five collaborative research activities demonstrate different effects with UBC drivers, barriers, and organizational characteristics that are further explored in the article. Similar to automation, higher education is in many ways a stochastic adaptive control system, the behaviour of which depends on parameters with unknown values. The system has to perform in order to collect specific values of these parameters. The values are crucial as, once collected, they can be used to alter the system’s performance. Following this logic, we consider the five modes specified above as key UBC parameters, put in their emerging trends as parameters’ values, and consider emerging dilemmas and implications for higher education.  The key challenge nowadays is around the adaptability of higher education. More than ever before, educators around the world grapple with the idea of whether and how adaptive the modern university should be to the business world needs in the context of global automation. This article is our attempt to add to a meaningful debate around this topic.

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