A Study on the Relation between LCCs’ Market Penetration and Additional Demand Growth : The Strategic Choices for Expanding Open Skies to Chinese Local Cities

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 567-592
Author(s):  
Youngtech Choi ◽  
◽  
Jaesup Lee
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uyiosa Omoregie

Crude oil prices fell below the 2009-2014 five-year average in early September 2014. The drastic fall in price was from a monthly peak of $112 per barrel (bbl) in June 2014, falling to $62/bbl in December. Since 2016 the oil and gas market has gone through a period of rebalancing, resulting in modest recovery in prices. Oil price recovery reached a peak of $85/bbl in October 2018. Gas prices have also achieved similar modest price recovery. The industry has now entered an expansion phase: the five largest international oil companies exceeded expectations for 2018. The outlook for gas is encouraging. It is projected that gas will supply the largest share of energy demand growth, supplying over 40% of additional demand by 2035. Also, the United Nations 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change has led to a re-emphasis on gas as a ‘transition’ ‘cleaner’ fuel. A window of opportunity exists for new LNG projects to commence production in anticipation of an undersupplied market (2025-2035). LNG projects provide long and stable dividends for shareholder companies, certain risks found in tight oil and upstream projects are absent.


2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 1705
Author(s):  
Jifu Wang ◽  
Ronald J. Salazar ◽  
Joseph Ben-Ur

This study describes how firm level decisions and capabilities correspond to policy conditions in a host country where local market access is constrained and success is contingent on compliance with cultural hegemony. Using data from surveys gathered from multinational enterprise (MNE) subsidiaries operating in China, we describe the mode of entry the firms have used to penetrate and exploit markets in light of the constrained strategic choices open to their subsidiaries. We also expose the patterns of growth accomplished by the MNE and their underlying bases of competitive advantage. Finally, we relate the degree of centralization we observe among the respondents strategies.


2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 1951
Author(s):  
Julian McGill ◽  
Amy Moss ◽  
Robert Swick ◽  
David Jackson ◽  
Martin Todd

Most of the world’s arable area is sown to either grains or oilseeds, and it is the big movements in the profitability of these crops that determine the pressure on global cropping-area supply. This perspective incorporates publicly available data, primarily from the FAO, to demonstrate some of the shifting pressures on global agriculture. Additionally, it argues that the advent of biofuel policies created additional demand for the area to produce cereal and oil crops from 2002. However, with a slowing demand growth for ethanol biofuels, crops for human and animal consumption will once again become the main driver for crop acreage. In particular, protein crops will be favoured as higher incomes are strongly linked to a greater animal-product consumption. In addition, a shift to a more intensive animal production is further increasing the demand for protein crops. Therefore, we could ultimately see a contraction in cereal crops and much faster growth in oilseeds, albeit from a lower base, as the demand for feed becomes the main driver for global agriculture. Yet, this is occurring during a time in which protein content of the major oil crops has been declining (albeit while yields continue to increase).


Author(s):  
P. Eko Prasetyo

This study has taken position for developing of small-scale industry (SSI) is necessary strategy or market conduct policy and market performance. For that objective, the realization steps needed are: (a) re-examining about national development objective; (b) conducting political system restructurization that enable all people has equal right to participate in the economic sectors; (c) allocating and distributing economic resources and production facilities in equitable manner especially for rural people; and also (d) making more deep market penetration for goods and services of SSI through issuing inceptives and positive discrimination policies for SSI in supplying their production input, production process and marketing. Promotion intensification and nourishing cooperation with another kind of enterprise will be a beneficial.


1982 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rehana Siddiqui

The paper aims at testing the validity of Engel's law with data on Pakistan. Consumption functions for urban and rural areas have been estimated separately. These functions are shown to be determined by total expenditure and household size. Engel's law is confirmed for some commodity groups but not for all. Following tests of urban-rural homogeneity and of stability of urban and rural consumption functions, demand growth rates for different food and non-food items have been calculated, assuming different growth rates of total expenditure and household size.


2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poonam Arora ◽  
Kirstin C. Appelt ◽  
E. Tory Higgins
Keyword(s):  

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