Effect of perineoplasm perinephric adipose tissues on migration of clear cell renal cell carcinoma cells: a potential role of WNT signaling

In the last two decades, the discovery of various pathways involved in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has led to the development of biologically-driven targeted therapies. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), angiogenic growth factors, von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) gene mutations, and oncogenic microRNAs (miRNAs) play essential roles in the pathogenesis and drug resistance of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. These insights have led to the development of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors, Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors, and immunotherapeutic agents, which have significantly improved the outcomes of patients with advanced RCC. HIF inhibitors will be a valuable asset in the growing therapeutic armamentarium of RCC. Various histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, selenium, and agents like PT2385 and PT2977 are being explored in various clinical trials as potential HIF inhibitors, to ameliorate the outcomes of RCC patients. In this article, we will review the current treatment options and highlight the potential role of selenium in the modulation of drug resistance biomarkers expressed in clear cell RCC (ccRCC) tumors.

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Current Landscape and the Potential Role of HIF and Selenium in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Treatment

10.20944/preprints201809.0364.v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Rohan Garje ◽

Josiah J. An ◽

kevin Sanchez ◽

Austin Greco ◽

Jeffrey Stolwijk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Drug Resistance ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Renal Cell ◽

Potential Role ◽

Clear Cell ◽

Angiogenic Growth Factors ◽

Vegf Inhibitors ◽

Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

In the last two decades, the discovery of various pathways involved in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have led to the development of biologically-driven targeted therapies. Hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs), angiogenic growth factors, von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene mutations and oncogenic miRNAs play essential roles in the pathogenesis and drug resistance of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. These insights have led to the development of VEGF inhibitors, mTOR inhibitors and immunotherapeutic agents which have significantly improved outcomes of patients with advanced RCC. HIF inhibitors will be a valuable asset in the growing therapeutic armamentarium of RCC. Various histone deacetylase (HDAC)inhibitors, including selenium and agents such as PT2385 and PT2977, are being explored in various clinical trials as potential HIF inhibitors to ameliorate the outcomes of RCC patients. In this article, we will review the current treatment options and highlight the potential role of selenium in the modulation of drug resistance biomarkers expressed in ccRCC tumors.

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Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma concomitant with pancreatic metastases of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma: a case report

Journal of Medical Case Reports ◽

10.1186/s13256-021-02768-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lena Haeberle ◽

Melanie Busch ◽

Julian Kirchner ◽

Georg Fluegen ◽

Gerald Antoch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽

Renal Cell ◽

Clear Cell ◽

Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽

Special Role ◽

Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Pancreatic Metastases

Abstract Background Metastatic spread to the pancreas is a rare event. Renal cell carcinoma represents one possible site of origin of pancreatic metastases. Renal cell carcinoma often metastasizes late and exclusively to the pancreas, suggesting a special role of renal cell carcinoma among primaries metastasizing to the pancreas. Even rarer, renal cell carcinoma may occur simultaneously with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Case presentation We present the case of a 78-year-old male Caucasian patient with a history of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma treated with oncological left nephrectomy 20 years before. The patient was diagnosed with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by fine-needle aspiration cytology. At our institution, he received neoadjuvant therapy with folic acid, fluorouracil, irinotecan, oxaliplatin for borderline-resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, and subsequently underwent total pancreatectomy. Upon resection, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma as well as two metachronous metastases of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma occurring simultaneously and cospatially with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma were diagnosed in the pancreatic body. Conclusions Renal cell carcinoma metastases of the pancreas are rare and often occur decades after the initial diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma. The combination of renal cell carcinoma metastases and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is even rarer. However, the possibility should be considered by clinicians, radiologists, and pathologists. The special role of renal cell carcinoma as a site of origin of pancreatic metastasis should be further elucidated.

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