scholarly journals Redescription and New Host Record of Heteraxinoides atlanticus (Monogenea: Heteraxinidae) from the Gills of Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch) and Its Systematics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K. Verma ◽  
J. Verma
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Host Record ◽  
28S Rdna ◽  
New Host ◽  
New Host Record ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Morphometric Analyses ◽  
Nemipterus Japonicus ◽  
28S Rdna Sequences

Background: Heteraxinoides atlanticus Gayevskaya et Kovaleva (1979) is described from the locality of Arabian Sea, India. This monogenean species is first time reported from India, infesting the gills of Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch). The present study redescribes H. atlanticus and its phylogenetic status using morphometric and molecular tools. Methods: A total of 35 parasites were collected from the 234 specimens of Nemipterus japonicus at Mumbai, India. The temporary and permanent mounts were prepared for the morphometric analyses of H. atlanticus. For PCR, the genomic DNA was isolated from the parasites using primers for 18S rDNA, 28S rDNA and mtCOI gene. The obtained DNA sequences were subjected to different bioinformatics softwares (BLASTn, Clustal Omega and MEGA) for phlyogenetic analyses.Result: Phylogenetic analyses with the help of partial 18S and 28S rDNA sequences of H. atlanticus and other available sequences of heteraxinids provided the better understanding of relationship in the family Heteraxinidae. Another species, H. karachiensis Hadi and Bilqees (2014) showed similar morphological features such as number of clamps and structure of genital atrium to H. atlanticus except few minor differences, so it must be considered as synonym of H. atlanticus and placed into Heteraxinidae instead of Axinidae.

Generic classification of some more hyphomycetes with solitary conidia borne on phialides

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (9) ◽  
pp. 1570-1583 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Gams ◽  
K O'Donnell ◽  
H -J Schroers ◽  
M Christensen
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
28S Rdna ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
28S Rdna Sequences ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Morphological Species

Unlike most phialide-producing fungi that liberate a multiplicity of conidia from each conidiogenous cell, only single conidia are formed on phialide-like conidiogenous cells in Aphanocladium, Verticimonosporium, and some species of Sibirina. A group of isolates obtained from soil of native Artemisia tridentata (sagebrush) grassland in Wyoming and from desert soil in Iraq is compared with these genera and classified as a fourth genus, Stanjemonium, honouring Stanley J. Hughes. Phylogenetic analyses of partial nuclear small- (18S) and large-subunit (28S) rDNA sequences indicate that Stanjemonium spp. form a monophyletic group with Emericellopsis. Sequences from the nuclear 18S and 28S rDNA were too conserved to resolve morphological species of Stanjemonium; however, phylogenetic analysis of b-tubulin and translation elongation factor 1a gene exons and introns resolved all species distinguished morphologically. Numerous conidiogenous cells or denticles are scattered along the cells of aerial hyphae in Aphanocladium and Stanjemonium spp., very rapidly collapsing into denticles in the former, somewhat more persistent and leaving broad scars in the latter. In Cladobotryum-Sibirina and Verticimonosporium spp., conidiogenous cells are discrete in terminal and intercalary whorls; phialides of the latter taxon are particularly swollen. The taxonomy of Aphanocladium is not yet resolved. Two species are recognized in Verticimonosporium. Three new species of Stanjemonium are described, and one new combination from Aphanocladium is proposed, along with one new species of Cladobotryum.Key words: Aphanocladium, Cladobotryum, conidiogenesis, hyphomycetes, molecular phylogeny, phialide, Stanjemonium, systematics, Verticimonosporium.

Macrostomum shenda and M. spiriger, two new brackish-water species of Macrostomum (Platyhelminthes: Macrostomorpha) from China

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4603 (1) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
FAN XIN ◽  
SI-YU ZHANG ◽  
YONG-SHI SHI ◽  
LEI WANG ◽  
YU ZHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brackish Water ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
28S Rdna ◽  
Body Region ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
28S Rdna Sequences ◽  
Pore Opening ◽  
Brackish Water Species ◽  
Water Species

In this study, two new brackish-water species of Macrostomum (M. shenda n. sp. and M. spiriger n. sp.) collected from Shenzhen, China, were described based on morphological, histological, and molecular phylogenetic analyses. Macrostomum shenda n. sp. differs from its congeners in the oblique and non-thickening distal opening of its narrow funnel-shaped stylet. In addition, its sperm have neither bristles nor brush, and are surrounded by an undulating membrane in the mid-body region. In M. spiriger n. sp., the stylet is spirally twisted. Its reproductive apparatus has a seminal bursal pore opening exteriorly. Results of the 18S and 28S rDNA phylogenetic analyses also support the establishments of these two new species. Moreover, the 18S and 28S rDNA sequences of some species within Macrostomum in previous studies have been revised to avoid ambiguity, while Macrostomum dongyuanensis Wang & Sun, 2015 was re-identified as a new record of M. quiritium Kolasa, 1973 from China.

Powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe lespedezae (including Pseudoidium caesalpiniacearum, syn. nov.) on Bauhinia blakeana and B. purpurea in China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 345 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
BIAO XU ◽  
UWE BRAUN ◽  
SHANHE ZHANG ◽  
HUI YANG ◽  
ZHI CAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
New Host ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Powdery Mildews ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
28S Rdna Sequences

Bauhinia species are popular ornamental and medicinal plants with a pantropical distribution. In December 2016, powdery mildew symptoms were found on B. blakeana and B. purpurea in Guangdong, China. Based on ITS and 28S rDNA sequences, as well as morphological characters, the powdery mildew was identified as Erysiphe lespedezae. Previous records of powdery mildews on Bauhinia spp. are discussed. Based on morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses of type material, Pseudoidium caesalpiniacearum is reduced to synonymy with E. lespedezae. To our best knowledge, this is the first report of E. lespedezae causing powdery mildew on B. purpurea in China, and B. blakeana as a new host. A detailed morphological description and molecular data are provided herein.

scholarly journals MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF ANISAKID NEMATODES HYSTEROTHYLACIUM SPECIES FROM JAPANESE THREADFIN BREAM NEMIPTERUS JAPONICUS (BLOCH, 1791) (PERCIFORMES, NEMIPERIDAE) FROM IRAQI MARINE WATER FISH

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-420
Author(s):  
Majid Bannai ◽  
◽  
Muna Mohammed Jori ◽  
Shokoofeh Shamsi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Host Record ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacers ◽  
New Host ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
New Host Record ◽  
Nemipterus Japonicus ◽  
Primer Sets ◽  
Anisakid Nematodes

The present study provides a new insight into valuable information on the diverse structure of the Anisakid population and discusses the limited species richness in the Nemipterus japonicus (Bloch,1791) (Perciformes, Nemiperidae). The fishing area consists of various locations in the Arabian Gulf (29°58 0 33 00 N48°28 0 20 E). A total of 315 marine fish were examined, (n=287) were infected. Larval stages (n= 763) encysted within the mesenteries peritoneum and viscera of fish organs were isolated, with a prevalence of 91.11% of infection and, the intensity was 2.65. Molecular analysis was carried out on thirty individuals who have examined the morphology and showed some appearance differences, by amplifying internal transcribed spacers ITS and ITS-1 of nuclear rDNA (rDNA) by PCR using the primer sets NC5/NC2 and SS1/NC13R of thirteen DNA products. Evolutionary analyses were conducted in MEGA X. based on the identity percentage in the GenBank database showed that they belong to anisakid nematodes, in particular, they belong to eleven distinct taxa within the Hysterothylacium Ward & Magath, 1917 (Rhabditida, Raphidascarididae) and one identified species H. amoyense (Hsü, 1933) Deardorff & Overstreet, 1980. The current study records eleven species that belong to a genus of Hysterothylacium; some of the alignment of sequences polymorphisms reveals new different individuals of larvae species that may be adopted as new species if their adult stage is detected, and N. japonicus fish considered as a new host record. The current study provides some insights on the systematic taxonomy of these parasites, in addition, it supports similar studies that have been published elsewhere.

scholarly journals Additions to Phaeosphaeriaceae (Pleosporales): Elongaticollum gen. nov., Ophiosphaerella taiwanensis sp. nov., Phaeosphaeriopsis beaucarneae sp. nov. and a new host record of Neosetophoma poaceicola from Musaceae

MycoKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 59-88
Author(s):  
Danushka S. Tennakoon ◽  
Kasun M. Thambugala ◽  
Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe ◽  
Eleni Gentekaki ◽  
Itthayakorn Promputtha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Host Record ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
New Host ◽  
New Host Record ◽  
The Family ◽  
Distinct Genus ◽  
Statistical Support ◽  
High Statistical Support

A novel ascomycetous genus, Elongaticollum, occurring on leaf litter of Hedychium coronarium (Zingiberaceae) in Taiwan, is described and illustrated. Elongaticollum is characterized by dark brown to black, superficial, obpyriform, pycnidial conidiomata with a distinct elongate neck, and oval to oblong, hyaline, aseptate conidia. Phylogenetic analyses (maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony and Bayesian) of combined ITS, LSU, SSU and tef1-α sequence data revealed Elongaticollum as a distinct genus within the family Phaeosphaeriaceae with high statistical support. In addition, Ophiosphaerella taiwanensis and Phaeosphaeriopsis beaucarneae are described as new species from dead leaves of Agave tequilana and Beaucarnea recurvata (Asparagaceae), respectively. Neosetophoma poaceicola is reported as a new host record from dead leaves of Musa acuminata (Musaceae). Newly described taxa are compared with other similar species and comprehensive descriptions and micrographs are provided.

scholarly journals Erysiphe deutziicola sp. nov. (Erysiphaceae, Ascomycota), a powdery mildew species found on Deutzia parviflora (Hydrangeaceae) with unusual appendages

MycoKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 97-106
Author(s):  
Peng-Lei Qiu ◽  
Uwe Braun ◽  
Yu Li ◽  
Shu-Yan Liu
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
28S Rdna ◽  
Bootstrap Support ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
28S Rdna Sequences ◽  
Beijing China ◽  
Ornamental Shrub

A powdery mildew (Erysiphales) has recently been collected on leaves of an ornamental shrub Deutziaparviflora in Baihua Mountain, Beijing, China. Microscopic examination of the chasmothecia suggested a species belonging to Erysiphesect.Erysiphe, above all due to mycelioid chasmothecial appendages, although circinate apices of the appendages were rather in favour of Erysiphesect.Uncinula, which is a fairly rare combination of appendage characteristics in Erysiphe. Phylogenetic analyses of ITS and 28S rDNA sequences demonstrated that the two examined powdery mildew collections on D.parviflora clustered together as an independent lineage within Erysiphe with 100% bootstrap support, representing a species of its own, which is phylogenetically allied to, but clearly distinct from Erysiphedeutziae and, in addition, morphologically quite different from all known Erysiphe species on hosts belonging to the Hydrangeaceae. The new species on D.parviflora is described as Erysiphedeutziicola.

Phylogenetic relationships of the lower Cyclorrhapha (Diptera: Brachycera) based on 28S rDNA sequences

2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian M. Wiegmann ◽  
Kenneth P. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
28S Rdna ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Monophyletic Clade ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
28S Rdna Sequences

AbstractCyclorrhaphan Diptera are an extremely successful clade of ecologically and phylogenenetically important flies. Despite their significance the relationships among lower cyclorrhaphans ('Aschiza') remain controversial in spite of several morphologically based phylogenetic analyses. We sequenced a 2.7-kb fragment of 28S rDNA for taxa representing all lower cyclorrhaphan families (except Ironomyiidae), four schizophoran families, and seven empidoid out-group taxa. Phylogenetic analysis of these data strongly supports a monophyletic Cyclorrhapha (including the enigmatic taxon Opetia nigra) that is divided into two clades - a well-supported Eumuscomorpha (Syrphidae + Pipunculidae + Schizophora), and a weakly-supported Platypezoidea (all non-Eumuscomorpha). Consequently, the former grouping known as Aschiza, which included syrphids and pipunculids, is not a valid monophyletic clade. Within Platypezoidea, most of our analyses place Lonchopteridae as sister group to Opetiidae, and strongly support the monophyly of Sciadoceridae + Phoridae. Among the Eumuscomorpha we do not recover the monophyly of Syrphoidea (Syrphidae + Pipunculidae). Instead, all analyses place Pipunculidae as the sister group to Schizophora. This novel finding has never been proposed based on morphological data and will require more data (both molecular and morphological) and taxa to confirm.

scholarly journals Additions to Chaetothyriaceae (Chaetothyriales): Longihyalospora gen. nov. and Ceramothyrium longivolcaniforme, a new host record from decaying leaves of Ficus ampelas

MycoKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 91-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danushka S. Tennakoon ◽  
Kasun M. Thambugala ◽  
Rajesh Jeewon ◽  
Sinang Hongsanan ◽  
Chang-Hsin Kuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Host Record ◽  
Bootstrap Support ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
New Host ◽  
New Host Record ◽  
Distinct Genus ◽  
High Bootstrap ◽  
First Time

A novel ascomycete genus, Longihyalospora, occurring on leaf litter of Ficus ampelas in Dahu Forest Area in Chiayi, Taiwan is described and illustrated. Longihyalospora is characterized by dark mycelium covering the upper leaf surface, elongate mycelial pellicle with ring of setae, pale brown to brown peridium, broadly obovoid, short pedicellate asci and hyaline, fusiform, elongated (tapering ends) and multi-septate ascospores with a thin mucilaginous sheath. Phylogenetic analyses of combined ITS, LSU and SSU sequence data revealed Longihyalospora as a distinct genus within the Chaetothyriaceae with high bootstrap support. Moreover, based on morphological similarities, Chaetothyrium vermisporum transferred to the new genus. In addition, Ceramothyrium longivolcaniforme is reported for the first time on Ficus ampelas. Newly added species are compared with other similar species and comprehensive descriptions and micrographs are provided.

scholarly journals Morpho-molecular characterization of Discosia ravennica sp. nov. and a new host record for Sporocadus rosigena

MycoKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 173-192
Author(s):  
Digvijayini Bundhun ◽  
Rajesh Jeewon ◽  
Indunil C. Senanayake ◽  
Erio Camporesi ◽  
Janith V. S. Aluthmuhandiram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Host Record ◽  
Dead Leaf ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
New Host ◽  
New Host Record

Collections of fungal samples from two dead leaf specimens from Italy were subjected to morphological examination and phylogenetic analyses. Two coelomycetous taxa belonging to two different genera in Xylariomycetidae, Sordariomycetes, namely Discosia and Sporocadus, were identified. The Discosia taxon is revealed as a new species and is herein introduced as Discosia ravennicasp. nov. while the Sporocadus taxon is identified as Sporocadus rosigena. Multi-locus phylogeny based on DNA sequence data of the large subunit (LSU) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal genes, β-tubulin (β-tub) and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2) showed that D. ravennica is related to D. neofraxinea but it forms an independent lineage that supports its new species status. The new taxon also differs from other Discosia species by its unilocular to bilocular, superficial and applanate conidiomata with basal stroma composed of cells of textura angularis, elongate-ampulliform conidiogenous cells and conidia smaller in size. Sporocadus rosigena is here reported as a new host record from Quercus ilex from Italy. Descriptions, illustrations and molecular data for both species are provided in this paper.

scholarly journals Molecular evolutionary relationships of Vietnamese and global pulmonary Paragonimus species in the family paragonimidae and suborder xiphidiata (Platyhelminthes: Trematoda)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 653-662
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Khue ◽  
Pham Thi Khanh Linh ◽  
Do Thi Roan ◽  
Doan Thi Thanh Huong ◽  
Pham Ngoc Doanh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
28S Rdna ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
Evolutionary Analysis ◽  
North West ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
The Family ◽  
28S Rdna Sequences

Paragonimiasis, caused by Paragonimus species belonging to the family Paragonimidae of the suborder Xiphidiata (Platyhelminthes: Trematoda), often occurs in poor, upland, ethnic minorities, in Vietnam and the world. Asian Paragonimus species are distributed from Japan, South Korea, along with North and Southeast China, North-West and Central Vietnam, the Philippines, Thailand, Bangladesh, India, and Sri Lanka. There are various genetic variants, strains, and genotypes forming different complexes and evolutionary lineages. The 18S, 28S rDNA sequences and the intergenic transcribed spacer regions (ITS-1, ITS-2) of nuclear ribosomal transcription units are commonly used as molecular markers in genetic studies and phylogenetic analyses. We obtained a portion of 28S rDNA (domains D1–D3) of Paragonimus spp. including P. heterotremus (from Vietnam), P. ohirai (Japan), P. iloktsuenensis (Japan), and P. westermani (India and Vietnam) and conducted phylogenetic analysis for molecular evolutionary studies. The results showed that the family Paragonimidae formed the biggest cluster in a phylogenetic tree, which comprises of 46 sequences of 11 species belonging to 11 subgroups, among which the P. westermani complex of strains originating from China, Korea, Japan, India, Philippines, Malaysia, and Vietnam is present. P. westermani complex is arranged in a position of "sister" (sister group) with the subgroup P. siamensis. The P. heterotremus and P. ohirai complexes, and the P. miyazakii, P. harinasutai, P. mexicanus, P. kellicotti, and P. macrorchis complexes are clustered in a common population. P. westermani of Vietnam is in close proximity to the East Asian strains, as of which has been previously reported. P. ohirai and P. iloktsuenensis are considered “sibling” species, sharing the same clade. Phylogenetic analysis using the 28S rDNA sequences directly presented species position and their molecular evolutionary relationships in the families Paragonimidae, Troglotrematidae, Nanophyetidae, and Collyriclidae. Evolutionary analysis has also clarified a number of complex delineation problems and made a clear nomenclature for Paragonimus sp. of Vietnam, in particular, which has scientific grounds merited to recognize as that it is really the P. westermani species.

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