scholarly journals Plant Tissue Culture- A New Tool for Vegetable Improvement (Indian scenario): A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Bijalwan ◽  
Shilpa .
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Embryo Culture ◽  
Plant Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Meristem Culture ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Plant Sciences

In vitro culture of plant cells/tissues is now routine using a range of explant types from many of the important vegetable and fruit crops. Successful technologies include isolation, culture of tissues, cells, protoplasts, organs, embryos, ovules, anthers and microspores and regeneration from them of complete plantlets. The development of plant tissue culture technology represents one of the most exciting advances in plant sciences. For example, the prospect of being able to introduce, develop, produce, transfer and conserve the existing gene pool of plant sciences by using tissue culture methods opens up new opportunities for researches and entrepreneurs. The term plant tissue culture should denote in vitro cultivation of plant cells or tissues in an unorganized mass, i.e., callus culture. Plant tissue culture techniques, in combination with recombinant DNA technology, are the essential requirements for the development of transgenic plants. However, culture techniques like anther/pollen/ovule culture, meristem culture can themselves be utilized for crop improvement or may serve as an aid to conventional breeding. In recent, isolated microspore culture has developed as a breeding tool and an experimental system for various genetic manipulations. The inherent potentiality of a plant cell to give rise to a whole plant, a capacity which is often retained even after a cell has undergone final differentiation in the plant body, is described as ‘cellular totipotency’. On the other hand, production of virus-free plants via meristem culture can reduce losses caused by phyto-pathogens. Embryo culture has many potential uses ranging from overcoming seed dormancy to facilitation of inter-specific hybridization. Protoplast fusion technique can be used for the transfer of cytoplasmic male sterility from one species to another in a short period of time. In cabbage, male sterile cybrids are being utilized by seed companies to produce hybrid seeds on commercial scale and at competitive rates. Plant tissue culture and cell culture are providing useful methods for germplasm storage either by low temperature storage of organized tissue, or cryopreservation of cell or embryo culture.

scholarly journals Potential Role and Utilization of Plant Growth Promoting Microbes in Plant Tissue Culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdoulaye Soumare ◽  
Abdala G. Diédhiou ◽  
Naveen Kumar Arora ◽  
Laith Khalil Tawfeeq Al-Ani ◽  
Mariama Ngom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Microbes ◽  
Aseptic Conditions

Plant growth promoting microbes (PGPMs) play major roles in diverse ecosystems, including atmospheric nitrogen fixation, water uptake, solubilization, and transport of minerals from the soil to the plant. Different PGPMs are proposed as biofertilizers, biostimulants, and/or biocontrol agents to improve plant growth and productivity and thereby to contribute to agricultural sustainability and food security. However, little information exists regarding the use of PGPMs in micropropagation such as the in vitro plant tissue culture. This review presents an overview of the importance of PGPMs and their potential application in plant micropropagation. Our analysis, based on published articles, reveals that the process of in vitro classical tissue culture techniques, under strictly aseptic conditions, deserves to be reviewed to allow vitroplants to benefit from the positive effect of PGPMs. Furthermore, exploiting the potential benefits of PGPMs will lead to lessen the cost production of vitroplants during micropropagation process and will make the technique of plant tissue culture more efficient. The last part of the review will indicate where research is needed in the future.

scholarly journals Basic procedure for the in vitro propagation of Brazilian trees for reforestation purposes

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robson Antonio De Souza ◽  
Patricia Virgínia Padilha Dantas ◽  
Paloma De Freitas Cavalcante ◽  
Ramon Rocha Tenório ◽  
Laureen Michelle Houllou
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Palm Trees

Important strategies can be used to avoid biodiversity loss by deforestation in tropical rainforests. Some use biotechnological techniques to support conservation initiatives. Plant tissue culture techniques are highly accepted biotechnological approaches for conservation of biodiversity. The work aimed to propose a basic operational model for the induction of in vitro germination of trees through plant tissue cultivation techniques. Fruits of 15 tree species, ten woody trees (Couroupita guianensis Aubl., Tabebuia heptaphylla (Vell.) Toledo, Tabebuia impetiginosa (Mart. ex DC.) Standl., Tabebuia roseoalba (Ridl.) Sandwith, Vochysia haenkeana (Spreng.) Mart., Vitex montevidensis Cham., Copaifera coriacea Mart., Spondias tuberosa Arruda, Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi, and Talisia esculenta (A. St.-Hil.) Radlk.) and five palm trees (Syagrus coronate (Mart.) Becc., Attalea oleifera Barb. Rodr., Elaeis guineensis Jacq., Colubrina glandulosa Perk., and Astrocaryum vulgare Mart.) were collected at different locations in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil. The in vitro germination used two different protocols, one designed for palm trees and one designed for woody trees. It was evaluated the parameters microbial contamination, survival, in vitro establishment, germination percentage and percentage of seeds converted to plants. The results showed that the set of methodologies proposed as a basic protocol for the in vitro introduction was able to achieve satisfactory results for 13 of the 15 tested species. The protocol proposed a high potential for use in the rescue of seeds through in vitro plant tissue culture. The described technique is an efficient tool for the propagation of trees used in reforestation programs.

scholarly journals Plant Tissue culture and Ultra High Diluted studies: suggesting a novel model using in vitro techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Carolina Santos Barreto ◽  
Fortune Homsani ◽  
Carla Holandino ◽  
Nina Claudia Barboza Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Culture Vessel ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Lippia Alba ◽  
Tissue Culture Techniques

Plant tissue culture techniques have been used to evaluate the effects of many different substances and/ or conditions in plant growth and development. It provides information of great value about problems related to basic and applied aspects of plant as well as contributed to understanding of factors responsible for growth, metabolism, synthesis of secondary compounds, stress response. Considering all this wide range of applications and as all plant tissue culture techniques are undergone under axenic and controlled conditions (culture medium composition, light and temperature, for instance), it seems to be a value model for Ultra High Diluted (UHD) studies. Lippia alba is a Brazilian plant that tissue cultures protocols and in vitro essential oil production have already been described in scientific literature. None of all scientific papers evaluated the effects of UHD substances on in vitro development or secondary metabolic production. The main goal was to evaluate the use of plant tissue culture to investigate the effects of UHD benzilaminopurine (BA) on Lippia alba shoot culture. Nodal segments obtained from plants growth in vitro was subcultured to Murashigue & Skoog semi-solid medium added with 2ml of these different solutions: BA 3µmol, BA 12CH (10-24), water 12CH and water (no dilution and succussion). Weekly 1 ml of solutions were added to cultures. The experiment was repeated twice and each one consisted in 3 culture vessel with 5 nodal segments per treatment (n=30). All plants were maintained in growth room under controlled temperature (25°C), light and photoperiod (16L/8D). The tested substances were prepared according to the method of stepwise dilution and succussion as describe in Brazilian Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia. The experiment was blinded all the time. After 60d, plantlets were evaluated for number of shoots, shoot length, rooted plants (%), callus development (%) and fresh biomass. Data were submitted to ANOVA following by Duncan’s and t-test. Plants from water 12CH and BA 12CH increased the number of new shoots and promoted the highest shoot length. By adding BA 3µmol the organogenetic response was inhibited since neither shoot nor root were developed. However, it was observed a significant basal callus development. Plant tissue culture could be adapted for UHD studies. More studies are being conducted in way to analyze other experimental conditions and biochemical/phytochemical parameters.

scholarly journals An Overview of Oil Palm Cultivation via Tissue Culture Technique

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Khadijah A. Karim
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Tissue Culture ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Tissue Culture Technique ◽  
Tissue Culture Techniques

During the last three decades, plant cell, tissue, and organ culture have developed rapidly and become a major biotechnology tool in agriculture, horticulture, forestry, and industry. Many problems in conventional breeding techniques were solved via tissue culture techniques. Plant tissue culture technique permits the growing plants in test tube or closed container in vitro under controlled environment. This technique is devoted to solve two problems: 1) To keep the plant cells free from microbes. 2) To grow the desired plants by providing suitable nutrient medium and other environmental conditions. In this chapter, a review around plant tissue culture techniques that have been reported on oil palm breeding programme will be discussed. It is including the laboratory techniques, advantages and disadvantages of the technique, the problems to produce good and prolific oil palm tissue culture clones and mitigation measures that have been reported to overcome the problems. As a conclusion, this chapter reviews tissue culture techniques that could be used to propagate oil palm clones.

Media derived from brown seaweeds Cystoseira myriophylloides and Fucus spiralis for in vitro plant tissue culture

2016 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siham Esserti ◽  
Mohamed Faize ◽  
Lalla Aicha Rifai ◽  
Amal Smaili ◽  
Malika Belfaiza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Brown Seaweeds ◽  
Fucus Spiralis ◽  
In Vitro Plant

scholarly journals In vitro plant tissue culture: means for production of biological active compounds

Planta ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 248 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia A. Espinosa-Leal ◽  
César A. Puente-Garza ◽  
Silverio García-Lara
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Active Compounds ◽  
In Vitro Plant

scholarly journals Endogenous Bacterial Contamination of Plant Tissue Culture Materials: Identification and Control Strategy

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali ◽  
Shefali Boonerjee ◽  
Mohammad Nurul Islam ◽  
Mihir Lal Saha ◽  
M Imdadul Hoque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Test ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Culture And Sensitivity ◽  
And Control

The endogenous bacterial contamination of plant tissue culture materials and their possible control was studied. Nine bacterial isolates were isolated from the contaminated tissue culture materials viz. potato and tea. On the basis of morphology and biochemical characters of nine isolates, seven were identified as Gram positive belonging to Bacillus alcalophilus, B. circulans, B. infantis, B. lentus, B. schlegelii, B. pumilus and B. subtilis. Remaining two were Gram negative and identified as Enterobacter cloacae sub. sp. dissolvens and Pantoea agglomerans. Molecular analysis was conducted on the basis of 16S rDNA sequence to confirm three isolates. Culture and sensitivity test was carried out to screen out the antibiotic sensitivity where streptomycin (S-10), polymyxin (PB-300) and gentamicin (CN-120) antibiotics were found to be effective against all bacterial isolates. The culture and sensitivity test reflected the feasibility to control or eliminate the contaminant bacteria during in vitro culture of plant which is very much required in the commercial tissue culture production.Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 28(1): 99-108, 2018 (June)

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