scholarly journals The Amendment with Chitin and/or Chitosan Improves the Germination and Growth of Lycopersicon esculentum L., Capsicum annuum L. and Solanum melongena L.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rkhaila Amine ◽  
El Hartiti Abla ◽  
Bouziani Idrissi Mohammed ◽  
Ounine Khadija
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
In Vivo Test ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Chitin And Chitosan ◽  
Germination And Growth

Background: Chitin and chitosan are natural products extracted from shrimp shells. They are non-toxic, biocompatible and biodegradable which favors many applications in agricultural domain. Moreover, chitin and chitosan are known as stimulators of photosynthetic rates and enhance pants growth through minerals contains (C, O, N ….). In the present study, these co-products are evaluated for their ability to stimulate the germination and growth of Lycopersicon esculentum L., Capsicum annuum L. and Solanum melongena L. Methods: The experiments were conducted at Ibn Tofail University-Kenitra, between July 2016 to January 2018. The experiments are carried out by using a germination test for the three seeds. On the other hand, the in vivo test is used to determine the effect of the biopolymers on plant growth (length, fresh and dry weights of aerial and root parts, number and weight of the obtained fruits). Result: In vitro studies reveal a promoter action of chitosan and the mixture chitin-chitosan on increasing seed germination percentage by 16%, 34% and 22%. Thus, at both 25, 50 and 100 mg/l of chitin or chitosan, increase vigor index, shoot length and root is obtained. In vivo, the effect of chitin and chitosan is limited to stimulation of the lengths, fresh and dry weights of plants. However, a highly significant increase in the number and weight of the fruits is marked by the weekly soil amendment by the chitin-chitosan mixture at 25 mg/l and 100 mg/l.

scholarly journals Shrimp shells, Chitin and chitosan powders effect on growth of Lycopersicon esculentum and their ability to induce resistance against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici attack

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rkhaila Amine ◽  
Ounine Khadija
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Shrimp Shells ◽  
Induce Resistance ◽  
Chitin And Chitosan ◽  
Germination Parameters

The potential of co-products of shrimp shells on the germination parameters, growth, and for inducing defense reactions in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) plants inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL) was investigated in vitro and in vivo.It was found that chitosan at 50mg/l increased the germination percentage by 2.66%; the shrimp shells powder at 50mg/l was best in increasing the length of radical and length and weight of hypocotyl in vitro. In Vivo, chitosan at 50mg/l increased length, fresh/dry weight of aerial and radicle parts compared to control. An inhibition of FORL growth in vitro was obtained by addition of chitosan at 100mg/l. In addition, chitin at 25 mg/l decreased the foliar alteration index by 73.34% compared to control.

Anthocyanins, Colour and Antioxidant Properties of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) and Violet Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Peel Extracts

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 527-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Sadilova ◽  
Florian C. Stintzing ◽  
Reinhold Carle
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L ◽  
Food Colour ◽  
Acetone Extracts

Acetone extracts from eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) and violet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) peels both belonging to the Solanaceae plant family were characterized with respect to their anthocyanin profiles, colour qualities and antioxidant capacities. According to HPLC-DAD-MS3 analyses the major anthocyanin in eggplant was delphinidin-3-rutinoside, while the predominant pigment in violet pepper was assigned to delphinidin-3-transcoumaroylrutinoside- 5-glucoside. Since virtually all anthocyanins were delphinidin-based, the effect of acylation and glycosylation patterns on colour stability and antioxidant capacity could be assessed. Application of two in vitro-assays for antioxidant capacity assessment revealed that eggplant generally exhibited higher values compared to violet pepper which was ascribed to 3,5-diglycosylated structures predominating in the latter. The higher extent of acylation in violet pepper was reflected by a more purplish colour shade of the extracts, but did not translate into a higher stability against fading which again was attributed to additional glycosyl substitution at C5. These findings support the relevance of structurerelated activities of anthocyanins both for understanding food colour and their particular nutritional value.

scholarly journals Bioatividade de óleos essenciais e extratos vegetais no controle de doenças causadas por Phytophthora nicotianae em solanáceas

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-272
Author(s):  
Antônio Alves Pimenta Neto ◽  
Gláucio Dias Gonçalves ◽  
Carolina Santos Benjamin ◽  
Larissa Corrêa do Bomfim Costa ◽  
Rosilene Aparecida de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Phytophthora Nicotianae ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Cymbopogon Nardus

RESUMO Óleos essenciais (EO) e extratos brutos aquosos (EBA) de Syzygium aromaticum e Cymbopogon nardus, e seus principais componentes químicos foram investigados para controle in vitro e in vivo de doenças causadas por Phytophthora nicotianae em tomateiro (Lycopersicon esculentum) e berinjela (Solanum melongena). Experimentos in vitro foram conduzidos pelo método de diluição em ágar com diferentes concentrações de óleos essenciais (OE’s) (0,1; 0,5; 1,0 ?L/mL) e extratos aquosos brutos (EBA’s) (1,0; 10,0 20,0%) para avaliar o potencial inibitório sobre o crescimento micelial e germinação de zoósporos. Com as porcentagens de inibição e concentrações inibitórias mínimas encontradas, realizou-se testes em frutos e plântulas sob ambiente controlado. As variáveis avaliadas foram o diâmetro médio das lesões formadas na superfície dos frutos e a incidência e morte de plântulas ao longo de seis e 15 dias de avaliação, respectivamente. Os produtos que mais inibiram o crescimento micelial e a germinação de zoósporos foram obtidos de S. aromaticum, nas concentrações de 0,5 ?L/mL e 10% de OE e EBA, respectivamente. Os tratamentos que mais retardaram a progressão da doença em frutos e plântulas, em comparação com o controle, foram o OE e EBA de C. nardus a 1,0 ?L/mL e 20%, respectivamente. Portanto, os produtos obtidos de S. aromaticum e C. nardus, têm potencial para reduzir o ataque deste patógeno em tomate e berinjela.

scholarly journals Anastomosis grouping of Rhizoctonia solani and binucleate Rhizoctonia spp. isolated from pepper in Erzincan, Turkey

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 127-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tuncer ◽  
C. Eken
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Binucleate Rhizoctonia ◽  
Anastomosis Groups ◽  
Capsicum Annuum L

Ninety eight isolates of Rhizoctonia spp. were obtained from roots of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) grown in Erzincan, Turkey during the period 2007–2008. The most prevalent multinucleate anastomosis groups (AG) were AG-4 (85.2%), followed by AG-2 type 1 (7.4%), AG-6 (5.0%), and AG-3 (2.5%). The population of binucleate Rhizoctonia spp. comprised AG-A (82.4%), AG-K (11.8%), and AG-G (5.9%). Rhizoctonia solani AG-3 and AG-6, as well as binucleate Rhizoctonia spp. AG-G and AG-K on pepper (C. annuum) were firstly determined in this study. During both in vitro and in vivo pathogenicity experiments differences in virulence level between R. solani and binucleate Rhizoctonia spp. isolates were observed. Isolates of R. solani AG-2 type 1 and AG-4 were the most virulent, binucleate Rhizoctonia spp. isolates of AG-A were less virulent, whereas binucleate Rhizoctonia spp. isolates of AG-G and AG-K were non-pathogenic.  

Defibrotide Inhibits Platelet Activation by Cathepsin G Released From Stimulated Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes

1992 ◽  
Vol 67 (06) ◽  
pp. 660-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virgilio Evangelista ◽  
Paola Piccardoni ◽  
Giovanni de Gaetano ◽  
Chiara Cerletti
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Cathepsin G ◽  
In Vivo Test ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Test Models ◽  
Antithrombotic Effects

SummaryDefibrotide is a polydeoxyribonucleotide with antithrombotic effects in experimental animal models. Most of the actions of this drug have been observed in in vivo test models but no effects have been reported in in vitro systems. In this paper we demonstrate that defibrotide interferes with polymorphonuclear leukocyte-induced human platelet activation in vitro. This effect was not related to any direct interaction with polymorphonuclear leukocytes or platelets, but was due to the inhibition of cathepsin G, the main biochemical mediator of this cell-cell cooperation. Since cathepsin G not only induces platelet activation but also affects some endothelial cell functions, the anticathepsin G activity of defibrotide could help to explain the antithrombotic effect of this drug.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document