scholarly journals Bean Anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) in Kashmir: Epidemiology and Yield Loss Assessment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Javaid . ◽  
F.A. Bhat ◽  
M.N. Mughal ◽  
T.A. Sheikh ◽  
S. Manzoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yield Loss ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Loss Assessment ◽  
Yield Loss Assessment ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Bean Anthracnose ◽  
Rain Fall

Background: The present study is region specific carried out to see the relation of bean anthracnose with weather in Kashmir and also to assess the yield loss in bean vis-à-vis anthracnose. Such studies form basis for deciding disease suppressive crop geometry and also sowing date alterations besides helping in disease predictions. The yield loss study in particular reveals the importance of a disease before any management strategies are worked out. Methods: Epidemiology was conducted under natural epiphytotic conditions using a susceptible bean cv. Shalimar Rajmash-1 for recording disease development at weekly intervals. Yield loss assessment was also recorded on Shalimar Rajmash-1 where different disease levels were created by inoculating at different phonological stages after maturity the crop stand disease free. Conclusion: During cropping season, the incidence and intensity of bean anthracnose developed to the extent of 77.06 and 54.51 per cent, when average temperature, average RH and weekly rain fall ranged from 16.6-23.8oC, 62.2-76.5 per cent and 1.7-48.2 mm, respectively. However, the highest periodic increase in disease incidence (12.62%) was recorded during 24th standard metrological week which coincided with highest rain fall and the increase in periodic disease intensity was higher ( greater than 10%) when RH was above 70 per cent. The yield loss in bean vis-a-vis variable levels of disease as created by inoculating different unit population of bean plants at different phenological stages revealed significant and positive correlation of bean anthracnose and yield loss. Highest yield loss (68.42%) was recorded in populations where the disease started at 1st trifoliate stage which then reached maximum intensity of 81.09 per cent at physiological maturity. The terminal disease intensity in population where disease started at pod filling was significantly low (18.59%) and caused least yield loss of 10.95 per cent. The study reveals that bean anthracnose caused significant yield loss when it appeared at any stage upto flowering.

scholarly journals Yield Loss Assessment of Barley Yellow Dwarf Disease on Spring Oat in Illinois

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 485-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen M. Bauske ◽  
Suzanne M. Bissonnette ◽  
Adrianna D. Hewings
Keyword(s):  
Yield Loss ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Loss Assessment ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

The quantitative relationship between yield of spring oat cvs. Ogle and Noble and incidence of barley yellow dwarf (BYD) disease caused by barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV-PAV-IL) was studied. Field plots were infested with Rhopalosiphum padi vectoring BYDV-PAV-IL. A linear critical point regression model was developed that related percentage of maximum yield to BYD incidence, assessed by estimating the percentage of plants with BYD symptoms at Feekes growth stage 10.5 in each plot. The model y = 96.9 - 0.45x (r2 = 0.53) best explained the relationship. Test weight was unaffected by BYD. Although Noble consistently sustained higher disease incidence than Ogle, covariate analysis indicated that the effect of BYD on yield was similar for both cultivars. Studies of random versus focus inoculation of Noble oat, designed to determine the importance of compensation in reducing yield loss associated with BYD, indicated that compensation did not play an important role.

scholarly journals Influence of Tillage Practices on Anthracnose Development and Distribution in Dry Bean Fields

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Ntahimpera ◽  
H. R. Dillard ◽  
A. C. Cobb ◽  
R. C. Seem
Keyword(s):  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Initial Inoculum ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Bean Cultivar ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Bean Anthracnose ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Over Time

Three tillage practices—chiseling, rototilling, and moldboard plowing—were evaluated in 1993 and 1994 to determine their impact on initial disease development, distribution, and progression over time in a field of the susceptible kidney bean cultivar Horizon. The tillage treatments were administered in the spring in a field infested in 1992 with the bean anthracnose pathogen, Colletotrichum lindemuthianum race β. Initial disease incidence was highest in the chiseled plots, where more bean debris was left on the surface than in the other treatments. Significantly higher final disease incidence and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) occurred in the chiseled plots than in the rototilled and moldboard plowed plots. There was a significant correlation (r = 0.75) between the percentage of debris left on the surface and subsequent disease incidence on pods in the field. Anthracnose incidence or severity in the field was highly correlated with disease incidence on harvested pods (r values ranged between 0.87 and 0.98). Results from the ordinary runs analysis showed that anthracnose occurred randomly within the field early in the season, indicating that initial inoculum was from bean debris within the field. Later in the season, plant-to-plant spread resulted in a more clustered distribution of diseased plants.

scholarly journals Yield Loss Assessment and Determination of Control Thresholds for Anthracnose on Red Pepper

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju-Hee Kim ◽  
Seong-Soo Cheong ◽  
Ki-Kwon Lee ◽  
Ju-Rak Yim ◽  
Sun-Woo Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yield Loss ◽  
Red Pepper ◽  
Loss Assessment ◽  
Yield Loss Assessment

Identification of Sources of Resistance and Yield Loss Assessment for Aerial Blight and Anthracnose/Pod Blight Diseases in Soybean

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawan K. Amrate ◽  
M.K. Shrivastava ◽  
Gyanendra Singh
Keyword(s):  
Yield Loss ◽  
Pressure Field ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Loss Assessment ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Yield Loss Assessment ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Cent Disease ◽  
Disease Pressure ◽  
Soybean Diseases

Background: Aerial blight (Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn) and Anthracnose/pod blight (Colletotrichum truncatum) are important soybean diseases, affect most of the present varieties with varying intensity, in India. There are also few reports of resistance against both the diseases. Methods: To identify resistance, a set of 121 diverse soybean genotypes including six susceptible checks i.e. JS 93-05, JS 335, JS 72-280, Punjab 1, RKS 18 and VLS 58 were evaluated under high disease pressure field conditions during 2017, 2018 and 2019. Moreover, assessment of yield losses due to these diseases were also worked out in highly infected plants of susceptible checks.Result: It was observed that aerial blight (0.0-46.8 per cent) and anthracnose/pod blight (0.0-56.2 per cent) were affected soybean genotypes from R1 to R7 and V3 to R7 stages, respectively. The genotypes responded differently and showed absolute resistance to susceptible reaction. Out of 121 genotypes, only five genotypes i.e. JS 20-57, JSM 222, MACS 1407, PS 1611 and Cat 2126 B were found to be highly resistant against both the diseases. Per cent pod and yield losses were significantly correlated with varying severity of aerial blight (0.966** and 0.995**) and anthracnose/pod blight (0.957** and 0.995**), respectively. However, the highest yield loss of 41.0 and 64.8 per cent were recorded on 55.6 and 75.2 per cent disease index (at 90 days) of aerial blight and anthracnose/pod blight, respectively.

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