Studies on heterosis and inbreeding depression for yield and its attributes in greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Narasimhulu ◽  
N. V. Naidu ◽  
K. H.P. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Genetic Architecture ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Plant Selection ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Single Plant Selection

Five crosses were evaluated to study the extent of heterosis and inbreeding depression for yield and its attributing traits in greengram. Heterosis over mid parent, better parent and standard variety was significant for pods/plant and seed yield/plant. The crosses exhibiting high heterosis also expressed high inbreeding depression for pods/plant, pods/cluster and seed yield/plant. Heterosis coupled with inbreeding depression revealed the predominance of non-additive gene action for most of the characters studied. Owing to its autogamous genetic architecture and biological constrains of the crop the heterosis could be exploited only by isolating the desirable segregants for yield attributes adopting bi-parental or recurrent selection in early segregating generations followed by single plant selection in subsequent generations.

Estimation of genetic parameters and combining ability analysis in blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Thamodharan ◽  
A. Ramalingam ◽  
S. Geetha
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Degree Of Dominance ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Pod Length

An experiment was carried out in blackgram using line x tester mating design to estimate the gca effect of parents (six lines and five testers) and sca effect of 30 hybrids for yield and its traits. Estimates of gca and sca variances, degree of dominance, predictability ratio and narrow sense heritability revealed that only three trais viz., pods per plant, seeds per pod and single plant yield were controlled by additive gene action and hence showed high narrow sense heritability. Magnitude of non-additive gene action was higher than the additive gene action for traits like plant height, days to 50% flowering, cluster per plant, 100 seed weight, days to maturity, branches per plant and pod length. Three parents ‘MDU1, ADT3 and LBG-752 were the best combiners and three crosses ‘MDU1 x VBN (Bg) 6, LBG-752 x VBN (Bg) 6, LBG-752 x Mash-114 showed high per se performance and significant positive sca for yield. For exploiting both additive and non-additive gene action recurrent selection to be followed to improve yield in blackgram.

scholarly journals GENE ACTION AND COMBINING ABILITY STUDY IN SESAME

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandakini Kabi ◽  
Bhabendra Baisakh ◽  
Manasi Dash ◽  
Swapan K Tripathy ◽  
S. Sahu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Reciprocal Recurrent Selection ◽  
Additive Variance ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
100 Seed Weight

The study of gene action and combining ability have been conducted in 28 F1 cross combinations along with eight parents in 8x8 half-diallel scheme following Griffing’s Approach for 14 morphoeconomic traits including seed yield and oil content in sesame. The general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) component of variation were significant for parents and crosses respectively for all characters except internode length for GCA indicating role of both additive and nonadditive gene action. However, higher proportion of SCA variance (?2 sca) than GCA variance (?2 gca) revealed preponderance of non-additive gene action for all characters except capsule length and capsule width under study. Further, variance due to dominance played a significant role than additive variance in all traits except capsule width and 100-seed weight. Nirmala is considered as the best general combiner owing to its higher estimate of gca effects for yield per plant, for days to maturity, plant height, branches per plant, capsules per plant, seeds per capsule, capsule length and 100-seed weight. Among cross combinations; Rama × GT-10, AT-382 × Krishna, AT-382 × Nirmala, Krishna × Nirmala, Krishna × Uma, Nirmala × Prachi and Prachi × Uma showed significantly higher sca effect for seed yield per plant in the desired direction indicating their merit for recovery of transgressive segregants for higher productivity following reciprocal recurrent selection.

scholarly journals Studies on induced genetic variability in M1 generation for quantitative traits in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
Induri Anusha ◽  
Gabriyal M. Lal
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Plant Survival ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Biological Damage ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Additive Gene

Mutations were induced in three chickpea genotypes, ICC-15936, BRC-1104-127 and C-108 using sodium azide (SA) as a mutagen. The immediate effects of mutagenic treatments were measured in terms of biological damage caused in M1 generation. All the mutagenic treatments brought reduction in seed germination, seedling length and plant survival. Such reduction, with an exception of plant survival, were found to be depended upon the dosage of the concentration.High GCV and PCV in chickpea germplasm were observed for number of effective pods per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, number of pods per plant, seed yield per plant, plant height, number of primary branches per plant, seed index, harvest index, biological yield per plant. High estimate of heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean was recorded for number of effective pods per plant, number of secondary branches, number of pods per plant and seed yield per plant. High values for heritability indicates that it maybe due to higher contribution of genotypic components. Traits exhibiting high heritability coupled with genetic advance as percent of mean suggest that the traits are governed by additive gene action, equal contribution of additive and non-additive gene action respectively.

Studies on genetic variability, character association and path analysis for yield and its contributing traits in chickpea [Cicer arietinum (L.)]

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Chopdar ◽  
Baudh Bharti ◽  
P. P. Sharma ◽  
R. B. Dubey ◽  
Brajendra Brajendra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Path Coefficient Analysis ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Genetic parameters, variability, heritability and genetic advance were studied among 20 genotypes of chickpea during during Rabi 2012-13. The characters, seed yield per plant and 100-seed weight had high values of GCV, heritability and GAM and were found to be under greater control of additive gene action. While the traits, primary branches per plant, number of seeds per pod and protein content with moderate to low heritability coupled with low genetic advance appear to be more affected by on non-additive gene action. Correlation and path coefficient analysis for seed yield per plant and its components indicated that out of 11 characters, seed yield per plant showed significant and positive correlation with harvest index, number of seeds per pod, primary branches per plant, number of pods per plant, biomass per plant, and 100-seed weight indicating that an intense selection for these characters will improve seed yield in chickpea. Path coefficient analysis revealed that days to maturity, primary branches per plant, biomass per plant, harvest index, protein content and number of seeds per pod were major characters influencing seed yield directly and indirectly. The results indicated that number of seeds per pod should be given greater emphasis for manipulation of seed yield in chickpea.

Heterosis and combining ability analysis for yield and yield contributing traits in velvet bean Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Chinapolaiah ◽  
K. Hima Bindu ◽  
G. N. Manjesh ◽  
N. Hariprasad Rao ◽  
S. Sudheer Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Breeding Programme ◽  
Velvet Bean ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Pod Length

A field experiment was conducted to know the gene action and selection of superior parents of velvet bean for hybridization. The heterosis and combining ability study was carried out using 6x6 half diallel mating design excluding reciprocals. Combining ability analysis revealed that magnitude of sca variance was greater than gca variance suggesting the predominance of non additive gene action for most of the traits except days to 50 per cent flowering, number of flowers per inflorescence, number of pods per bunch and 100 seed weight where gca variance was greater than sca variance indicating predominance of additive gene action. Based on gca effects, parents Arka Dhanwantari, IIHR Selection 8 and IIHR Selection 2 were best general combiners for the traits such as number of flowers per inflorescence, pod length, pod weight, number of bunches per plant, number of pods per bunch, dry pod yield and seed yield per plant which can be used in future breeding programme. Specific combining ability studies indicated cross IIHR Selection 2 x IIHR Selection 8 as best specific combiner for the economically important traits viz., pod length, pod weight, dry pod yield per plant and seed yield per plant. The cross IIHR Selection 8 x IIHR Selection 3 was recorded high heterotic effects for dry pod yield per plant, seed yield per plant and test weight of the seed. The cross IIHR Selection 2 x IIHR Selection 8 as superior hybrid as recorded high heterobeltiosis for days to 50% flowering, pod length, pod weight, dry pod yield per plant and seed yield per plant and days to maturity which can be exploited in future breeding programme.

Estimation of combining ability and gene action for yield and its components in pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh]

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar Maida ◽  
M. P. Patel ◽  
Chandrabhan Ahirwar ◽  
A. M. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Breeding Programmes ◽  
Additive Gene

Twenty eight hybrids developed by utilizing eight parents in 8 x 8 diallel mating design excluding reciprocals were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications for twelve characters in order to understand the combining ability and gene action in pigeonpea. The analysis of variance for combining ability revealed presence of additive and non- additive gene action. The ratio of gca/sca variance was less than unity which indicated the preponderance of non- additive gene action for action in the control of pod length, harvest index, protein content and leaf area. The estimates of general combining ability suggested that parents ICPL-87119, GT-103 and AGT-2 were good general combiners for seed yield per plant and its attributing characters while, hybrids UPAS-120 x GT-103, BSMR-853 x BANAS and BSMR-853 x GT-1 showed the higher order sca effect for seed yield per plant. These cross combinations can be potentially utilized in hybrid breeding programmes.

scholarly journals Combining ability and gene action for seed yield and its component traits in green gram (Vigna radiata L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 116-122
Author(s):  
PUSHPENDRA SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Degree Of Dominance ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
Additive Gene

An investigation to study of combining ability and gene action was conducted on green gram for seed yield per plant and its component traits. For this study, line x tester design of mating was used taking six genotypes as lines and four genotypes as testers. The variance analysis revealed significant differences for different sources of variation for most of the traits. The higher specific combining ability (SCA) values were compared to general combining ability (GCA) values. The higher degree of dominance indicated preponderance of non additive gene action. The dominance variance was predominant for all the characters except for pods per plant indicating the major role of non-additive gene action and it was highest for harvest index (HI) followed by plant height and days to 50% flowering. The parents, viz., BM 4 and JM 721 among line and AKM 8802 among testers exhibited positive significant effects and higher per se performance for seed yield per plant and other component traits and hence considered as superior parents. The hybrids viz., BM4 x PDM1, JM 10 x AKM 8802, JM 721 x PDM1, ML131 x HUM 1 and TARM 2 x TJM 3 were observed as superior specific combiners for seed yield per plant and its component traits. These hybrids or cross combinations might be utilized for further improvement of seed yield in green gram.

scholarly journals Combining Ability and Heterosis for Capsaicinoids in Capsicum pubescens

HortScience ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 1315-1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yayeh Zewdie ◽  
Paul W. Bosland ◽  
Robert Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Breeding Method ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Gene Effect ◽  
Additive Gene

The inheritance of capsaicinoid content was studied in five Capsicum pubescens Ruiz & Pav. genotypes using diallel analysis. General combining ability and specific combining ability effects were significant for all capsaicinoids studied, indicating additive and nonadditive gene actions are present. The association of high capsaicinoid contents with high positive general combining ability of the parents also indicates the predominance of additive gene action in capsaicinoid inheritance. Because of the predominant additive gene effect, recurrent selection would be a good breeding method to increase capsaicinoid level in the population studied. Heterosis was observed in hybrids for some of the capsaicinoids, suggesting that F1 hybrids could also be used to increase capsaicinoid content.

Combining ability studies under salinity stress and unstressed condition in chickpea

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Y. Dudhe ◽  
J. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Salinity Stress Tolerance

The present study was carried out to generate some information on the genetic basis for salinity tolerance in chickpea. Results indicated that the additive as well as non-additive gene action was important for all the traits under unstressed as well as salinity stress condition. Parent Pusa 1103 was a good combiner for RWC, MSI, seed yield and harvest index both under unstressed and salinity stress condition. DG 72 was a good combiner for RWC and parent SAKI 9516 for days to maturity both under unstressed and salinity stress. Two crosses Pusa 1103 x DG 72 and cross Pusa 1103 x DG 54 were best among all the crosses studied for seed yield per plant. While selecting best crosses for salinity stress tolerance besides giving more importance to salinity indices the seed yield per plant need to be considered. The present findings will help the chickpea breeder in deciding the breeding program aimed at improvement of salinity stress tolerant varieties in chickpea.

scholarly journals COMBINING ABILITY FOR YIELD AND YIELD CONTRIBUTING CHARACTERS IN KENAF (Hibiscus cannabinus L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-06 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Mostofa ◽  
L. Rahman ◽  
M. M. Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Hibiscus Cannabinus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Pedigree Selection ◽  
Fibre Yield

Combining ability in 6 x 6 half diallel crosses were estimated for yield and yield contributing characters in kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.). Combining ability analysis revealed that mean square due to general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were significant for all the characters studied suggesting the presence of both additive and non-additive gene action for the inheritance of the concerned characters. The magnitude of GCA variance was considerably higher than that of SCA variance for days to 1st flowering, fibre weight per plant and 1000-seed weight indicating the importance of additive gene action for these traits. The other characters were preponderantly controlled by non-additive gene action. Ranking of parents on GCA performance indicated that parent P6 (Acc.2731) was the best general combiner for fibre yield and yield attributes. On the other hand, parents P2 (Acc.4197) and P3 (Acc.2922) were found to be the best for seed related traits. On SCA performance, the crosses P3 x P5, P1 x P6, P3 x P6 and P4 x P5 were found to be the best for fibre related traits, while the best specific crosses for seed related traits were P2 x P3 and P2 x P4. For the development of high fibre or seed yielding kenaf varieties, either pedigree selection method or recurrent breeding is suggested depending on the genetic behavior of the trait.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v24i1.16307

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