PROTEOMIC DIAGNOSTIC TECHNOLOGIES AND THEIR APPLICATION FOR THE REFRACTIVE CORRECTION OF AMETROPIA

Aim. The objective of the present study was the analysis of the tear fluid proteomic status and the eye surface of the patients presenting with ametropia before and after laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). Material and methods. The study included 163 patients (326 eyes) divided into three groups. Group 1 was comprised of 51 adult patients (102 eyes)at the age from 35 to 54 years suffering from high-degree myopia and astigmatism. Group 2 was composed of 26 adult patients (52 eyes) at the age from 35 to 55 years suffering from moderate or high-degree hyperopia and astigmatism. Group 3 consisted of 86 younger patients (172 eyes) at the age from 18 to 54 years suffering from high-degree myopia and astigmatism. The dry eye syndrome and the state pf the cornea were diagnosed with the use of the Lipkof’s test, Schirmer’s test, TBUT test, and corneal fluorescence staining. The antioxidant activity of the tears was estimated based on the results of measurements of peroxyredoxin-6 (PEDX6) expression. Results. The level of PEDX6 expression after LASIK increased in the patients presenting with myopia by 1.4 times and in those with hyperopia by 1.07 times, that is it changed but slightly after the operation and was 6.2 times less pronounced in comparison was the myopes. Conclusion. The study has demonstrated that two methods proved reliable for the evaluation of the tear fluid proteomic status, viz. the Lipkof’s test (1.82 ± 0.2mm, stage 3) and the TBUT test (8.0 ± 1.46 seconds), suggesting the presence of grade 2 dry eye syndrome. Te same refers to the patients of group 2: the results of the Lipkof’s test (1.31 ± 0.2mm) and the TBUT test (8.23 ± 0.87 seconds). The level of antioxidant protection of the ocular surface (PEDX6 expression) depended on the type of the refractive error: in the patients of group 1 before and after LASIK, PEDX6 expression was 4.7 times (13.57 ± 0.83) and 6.2 (19.31 ± 0.71) higher 2.88 ± 0.38 and 3.09 ± 0.47) than in those of group 2, respectively. In addition, it was shown that the level of antioxidant protection of the ocular surface (PEDX6 expression) depended on the age of the patients prior to LASIK: it was 1.3 lower in group 1 than in group 3 (1.35 ± 0.83 and 17.77 ± 1.03 respectively). The clinical significance of the tests for the tear fluid production and proteomic status changed appreciably after LASIK. The TBUT test for diagnostics of dry eye syndrome remained reliable in all the groups.

Download Full-text

Dry eye syndrome and the fundus periphery. Correlations in diagnosis and treatment

The Eye ◽

10.33791/2222-4408-2019-3-28-33 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 127 (2019-3) ◽

pp. 28-33

Author(s):

Alexander Kravchenko ◽

Olga Shilova

Keyword(s):

Dry Eye ◽

Dry Eye Syndrome ◽

Peripheral Retina ◽

Initial Correlation ◽

Tear Production ◽

Comparison Results ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Observation Period ◽

Group 1

Purpose: Comparison of dry eye syndrome stages with intensity of changes in peripheral retina in patients undergoing medical therapy. Material and methods. The clinical study involved 94 patients with mild and moderate dry eye syndrome (DES). Group 1 and Group 2 were both comprised of 25 patients; group 3 was comprised of 44 patients. The observation period was 6 months. Parameters of the anterior eye surface and intensity of changes in the peripheral retina were subjected to evaluation and comparison. Results. The study has shown, that the radius of the tear meniscus, surface tension coefficient and the number of areas stained with fluorescein significantly correlate with the probability of changes in the peripheral retina. The interrelation between the probable formation of changes in the peripheral parts of the retina and the indicators of tear production was revealed in all patients. After 3 months the performed treatment led to the disappearance of the initial correlation between the factors: on visits 3 and 4 logit-models appeared to be unreliable, that meant the absence of interrelation between the probability of formation of changes in the peripheral retina and indicators characterizing the condition of the anterior ocular surface or tear production. Conclusion. The correlation between changes in the peripheral parts of the retina and tear production was described.

Download Full-text

TREATMENT OF DEGENERATIVE CHANGES IN THE EPITHELIUM OF THE OCULAR SURFACE WITH "DRY EYE" SYNDROME

Актуальні проблеми сучасної медицини Вісник Української медичної стоматологічної академії ◽

10.31718/2077-1096.20.2.19 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 19-22

Author(s):

L.K. Voskresenskaya ◽

V.V. Ryadnova ◽

O.Yu. Maksimuk ◽

I.S. Steblovska ◽

A.V. Voskresenskaya

Keyword(s):

Hyaluronic Acid ◽

Dry Eye ◽

Dry Eye Syndrome ◽

Bulbar Conjunctiva ◽

Eye Drops ◽

Costal Margin ◽

Department Of Ophthalmology ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

According to recent studies, the prevalence of dry eye syndrome makes up 14% of cases in patients under the age of 50 years and 65-75% in patients over 50 years of age. Risk factors for the development of dry eye syndrome include aging, stress, side effect of frequent instillations of eye preparations, exposure to radiant energy, and diabetes mellitus. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility of using “Delargin”, an antioxidant medicine, in the treatment of dry eye syndrome. 50 patients (100 eyes) aged 30-70 years were examined at the Department of Ophthalmology and then divided into three groups depending on the treatment used. Group 1 included 10 patients (20 eyes), who were prescribed to instil Oksial eye drops. Group 2 included 10 patients (20 eyes), who received basic therapy by instilling a solution of sodium salt of hyaluronic acid 0.0015 g / ml. Group 3 involved 20 patients (40 eyes), who instilled Delargin and hyaluronic acid. Monitoring the effectiveness of the treatment was carried out using the following methods: to assess basal tear production, a Schirmer 1 test was performed using the Ophthalic Test diagnostic bands (India); a Norn test was performed to control the stability of the tear membrane. Fluorescence test (staining of the cornea with 1% sodium fluorescein solution) was applied to detect corneal defects; Lipcof test was used to assess the degree of lid-parallel fold formation of the bulbar conjunctiva relative to the costal margin of the lower eyelid. As a result of the treatment, the patients of the Group 1 demonstrated that the Norn test scores increased to some extent from 6.8 ± 0.1 s up to 7.5 ± 0.1 s; in the patients of the Group 2 following the treatment, it was 8.5 ± 0.2 s and in the Group 3, the Norn test values were 11.2 ± 0.2 s (P<0.05). The frequency of blinking movements decreased significantly and approached the normal. It has been found out that the therapy of dry eye syndrome that includes the antioxidant Delargin, can significantly promotes normalizing of parameters typical for this process.

Download Full-text

Relationship of Symptomatology with Closed Chamber Infrared Thermometry and Humidity in Dry Eyes

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/112067210501500202 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 186-195 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

G. Singh ◽

H. Singh Bhinder

Keyword(s):

Dry Eye ◽

Clinical Severity ◽

Closed Chamber ◽

Dry Eyes ◽

Infrared Thermometry ◽

Group 4 ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Group 1

Purpose To evaluate the relationship of symptoms of dry eye with closed chamber infrared thermometry and humidity measurements. Methods The authors studied 54 patients (108 eyes) with dry eye disorders of different grades of clinical severity (mean age 35.75±14.37 years), 31 cases (62 eyes) with normal eyes (mean age 33.68±14.42 years), and 10 cases (20 eyes) with epidemic conjunctivitis (mean age 33.68±14.42 years). The symptoms and the clinical tests (Schirmer-1 test, fluorescein tear break up time, Lissamine green stain; closed chamber infrared thermometry and humidity) were used to establish the diagnosis of dry eyes. The closed chamber humidity difference was used to classify the groups of dry eye. Results The authors noted no temperature difference from closed to open eye position in dry eyes as compared to 0.10±0.00 °C difference in normal eyes and epidemic conjunctivitis. Four groups of cases were identified by difference in values of humidity: Group 1 = <0.9 relative humidity (RH)% to 1 RH%; Group 2 = >1 RH% to 1.5 RH%; Group 3 = >1.5 RH% to 2 RH %; and Group 4 = >2 RH%. The symptomatology was measured in the eyes using Oxford scale (0–4) and correlated with the humidity groups. The grading of symptoms with the humidity showed a statistically significant relationship (p<0.0001) in each group. The severity of the symptoms showed an increase in frequency and severity from Group 1 to Group 4, which was statistically significant (p<0.0001). The mean sum total of global symptomatology score was statistically significant (p<0.0001): 3.43±0.31 in Group 1, 4.65±0.42 in Group 2, 8.56±0.78 in Group 3, and 13.35±1.21 in Group 4. However, total symptomatology score in epidemic conjunctivitis did not show a statistically significant value (p=0.20). Conclusions The closed chamber humidity and thermometry measurements showed statistical correlation in all four groups of dry eyes to total mean symptomatology score (p<0.001) and showed an increase in value with increasing severity of symptoms. However, all individual symptoms fail to show any conclusive relationship.

Download Full-text

Effect of Autologous Serum Eyedrops on Ocular Surface Disease Caused by Preserved Glaucoma Eyedrops

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm9123904 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 3904

Author(s):

Ha-Rim So ◽

Hae Young Lopilly Park ◽

So-Hyang Chung ◽

Hyun-Seung Kim ◽

Yong-Soo Byun

Keyword(s):

Ocular Surface ◽

Ocular Surface Disease ◽

Autologous Serum ◽

Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽

Ocular Surface Diseases ◽

Group 3 ◽

Baseline Values ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Autologous serum eyedrops (ASE) are effective in treating various ocular surface diseases, including damages induced by long-term use of preserved glaucoma eyedrops. However, there has been no study on whether ASE is effective without stopping the causative eyedrops. This retrospective observational study included 55 patients with ocular-surface diseases caused by long-term use of preserved glaucoma eyedrops: 18 patients who used ASEs for 2 months without discontinuing the use of glaucoma eyedrops (Group 1), 22 patients who used ASEs for 2 months, discontinuing the use of glaucoma eyedrops for the first month (Group 2) and 15 patients who used non-preservative artificial tears for 2 months, discontinuing the use of glaucoma eyedrops for the first month (Group 3). There were no intergroup differences in the baseline values of the Schirmer I test results, tear breakup time (TBUT), ocular surface staining (OSS) score, loss of the meibomian gland, meibum quality and ocular-surface disease index (OSDI). Group 1 showed significant differences in TBUT, OSS score and OSDI at 2 months when compared to the baseline values before treatment, while Group 2 showed significant differences in those values at both 1 and 2 months. There were no differences in any of the parameters at baseline, 1 month or 2 months in Group 3. Our result suggested that ASE is effective for treating ocular surface diseases caused by glaucoma eyedrops containing preservatives and its effects can be expected without interruption of glaucoma eyedrop treatment.

Download Full-text

Suicidal Behavior and Community Mental Health Care in Emilia-Romagna (Italy)

OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying ◽

10.2190/fjah-k59h-nb2f-0e2v ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 193-206 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P. Crepet ◽

S. Caracciolo ◽

D. Fabbri ◽

A. Tomelli ◽

S. Tugnoli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Community Mental Health ◽

Psychiatric Care ◽

Psychiatric Treatment ◽

Community Mental Health Service ◽

Before And After ◽

Previous Contact ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Parasuicide and aftercare treatment in a Community Mental Health Service (CMHS) were studied both retrospectively and prospectively. Data were extracted from CMHS Epidemiological Register. Six hundred and fifty persons were recruited (450 F, 200 M), referring to 779 parasuicide episodes. Higher rates (102/100,000) were observed in females in the age class fifteen to twenty-four, while the general rate was 52.79. Psychiatric care was studied for 311 suicide attempters, subsequently divided in three Groups. Thirty-nine subjects (12.5%) previously unknown at CMHS resulted to receive psychiatric treatment after follow up (GROUP 1), while seventy-two attempters (23.15%) with previous contact (GROUP 2) remained mostly (16.4%) in contact; two-hundred subjects (64.3%) without previous contact were still unknown after parasuicide (GROUP 3). Parasuicide repetition was higher for Group 2, while suicide incidence was higher for Group 1. Results suggest that most peclple skip psychiatric care before and after parasuicide.

Download Full-text

Treatment Response to Gabapentin in Neuropathic Ocular Pain Associated with Dry Eye

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm9113765 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 3765

Author(s):

Hyeon-Jeong Yoon ◽

Jonghwa Kim ◽

Kyung Chul Yoon

Keyword(s):

Medical History ◽

Treatment Response ◽

Dry Eye ◽

Topical Treatment ◽

Ocular Pain ◽

Group 3 ◽

Chemical Stimuli ◽

Group 2 ◽

Response Group ◽

Group 1

Purpose: To investigate the response to gabapentin treatment in patients with dry eye (DE) accompanied by features of neuropathic ocular pain (NOP), and to analyze the differences between clinical manifestations of the groups according to treatment response. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 35 patients with DE accompanied by NOP features and obtained information on their medical history and previous ocular history. The patients underwent clinical examinations of the tear film, ocular surface, and meibomian gland and completed the Ocular Pain Assessment Survey (OPAS). One month after treatment with topical eye drops, add-on of gabapentin treatment was determined according to the Wong–Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale (WBFPS). A reduction of 2 points or more on the WBFPS was considered a positive treatment response. Enrolled patients were divided into three groups according to the treatment response: topical treatment response group (group 1, n = 11); gabapentin response group (group 2, n = 13); and gabapentin non-response group (group 3, n = 11). The medical history, clinical parameters, and OPAS scores were compared between groups. Results: The incidence of systemic comorbidities was higher in group 2 than in other groups. The corneal staining scores were lower in groups 2 and 3 than in group 1. Among the treatment response groups, group 2 showed improvements in OPAS scores of ocular pain severity, pain other than eyes, and quality of life, while group 1 showed improved OPAS scores of ocular pain severity and ocular associated factors. Group 2 exhibited lower scores of pains aggravated by mechanical and chemical stimuli than group 3. Conclusions: Gabapentin could be effective in patients who have systemic comorbidity and less pain evoked by mechanical and chemical stimuli for the treatment of DE patients with NOP, which is refractory to topical treatment.

Download Full-text

Effects of experimental volume-overload hypertrophy on myocardial blood flow and cardiac function

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.1981.241.4.h564 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 241 (4) ◽

pp. H564-H570 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

F. R. Badke ◽

F. C. White ◽

M. Le Winter ◽

J. Covell ◽

J. Andres ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Flow ◽

Maximal Exercise ◽

Volume Overload ◽

Aortocaval Fistula ◽

Blood Flows ◽

Before And After ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Shunt Closure ◽

Group 1

To examine the effects of volume-overload hypertrophy on regional myocardial perfusion, we determined myocardial blood flows with microspheres at rest, during exercise, and during exercise with adenosine infusion in dogs with aortocaval fistulas for 12 wk (group 2) and sham-operated controls (group 1). A subgroup of six animals (group 3) was studied both before and after shunt closure in order to separate the influences of hypertrophy from the hemodynamic effects of the fistula. Epicardial blood flows in animals with patent fistulas were significantly greater than in controls under all conditions (P less than 0.05). However, endocardial blood flows were lower at maximal exercise and with adenosine, so that the endocardial-to-epicardial blood flow ratios were reduced 36 and 28%, respectively(P less than 0.05). These flow abnormalities were reversed by closing the fistula prior to regression of hypertrophy. Moreover, coronary resistance per unit of myocardium was not different for the three groups. These results suggest that the blood-flow abnormalities seen in the exercising dog with an aortocaval fistula are secondary to hemodynamic considerations and not to hypertrophy itself. Low aortic diastolic pressures and high myocardial oxygen demands during exercise may combine to produce subendocardial hypoperfusion in this model.

Download Full-text

The prognostic value of visually assessing enamel microcracks: Do debonding and adhesive removal contribute to their increase?

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/021115-93.1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 86 (3) ◽

pp. 437-447 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Irma Dumbryte ◽

Tomas Jonavicius ◽

Laura Linkeviciene ◽

Tomas Linkevicius ◽

Vytaute Peciuliene ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Control Group ◽

Naked Eye ◽

Room Illumination ◽

Before And After ◽

Ceramic Brackets ◽

Group 3 ◽

The Mean ◽

Group 2 ◽

Adhesive Removal ◽

Group 1

ABSTRACT Objective: To find a correlation between the severity of enamel microcracks (EMCs) and their increase during debonding and residual adhesive removal (RAR). Materials and Methods: Following their examination with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), 90 extracted human premolars were divided into three groups of 30: group 1, teeth having pronounced EMCs (visible with the naked eye under normal room illumination); group 2, teeth showing weak EMCs (not apparent under normal room illumination but visible by SEM); and group 3, a control group. EMCs have been classified into weak and pronounced, based on their visibility. Metal brackets (MB) and ceramic brackets (CB), 15 of each type, were bonded to all the teeth from groups 1 and 2. Debonding was performed with pliers, followed by RAR. The location, length, and width of the longest EMCs were measured using SEM before and after debonding. Results: The mean overall width (Woverall) was higher for pronounced EMCs before and after debonding CB (P < .05), and after the removal of MB. Pronounced EMCs showed greater length values using both types of brackets. After debonding, the increase in Woverall of pronounced EMCs was 0.57 µm with MB (P < .05) and 0.30 µm with CB; for weak EMCs, − 0.32 µm with MB and 0.30 µm with CB. Conclusions: Although the teeth having pronounced EMCs showed higher width and length values, this did not predispose to greater EMCs increase after debonding MB and CB followed by RAR.

Download Full-text

Effect of Three Wavelengths of Diode Laser on the Efficacy of Bleaching of Stained Teeth

Frontiers in Dentistry ◽

10.18502/fid.v16i6.3445 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Reza Saeedi ◽

Ladan Ranjbar Omrani ◽

Mahdi Abbasi ◽

Nasim Chiniforush ◽

Mojgan Kargar

Keyword(s):

Diode Laser ◽

Tooth Bleaching ◽

Color Parameters ◽

Group 4 ◽

Before And After ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Laser Bleaching ◽

Group 1

Objectives: Light irradiation and heat have been used to accelerate the process of tooth bleaching. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of conventional bleaching compared to laser-bleaching using three different wavelengths of diode lasers. Materials and Methods: In this in-vitro experimental study, 40 extracted human central incisors were immersed in a coloring solution made of tea, coffee, and cola for 21 days. The L*, a*, and b* color parameters were measured before and after the immersion using spectrophotometry. The teeth were then randomly divided into four groups (n=10) as follows: group 1: 810-nm diode laser + Biolase Laser White 20, group 2: 940-nm diode laser + Biolase Laser White 20, group 3: 980-nm diode laser + Biolase Laser White 20, and group 4: conventional bleaching with Opalescence Boost without laser irradiation. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess the effect of laser type and bleaching technique on color parameters. Results: The 940-nm (∆E=28.5896) and 810-nm laser groups (∆E=21.2382) showed the highest and the lowest bleaching efficacy, respectively; however, the groups were not significantly different in terms of bleaching efficacy (P>0.05). Conclusion: Laser-bleaching with 810-, 940- and 980-nm wavelengths of diode laser has an efficacy similar to that of conventional bleaching but in a shorter period. No difference was noted between different laser wavelengths in terms of bleaching efficacy.

Download Full-text

Does the Conjunctivochalasis Accompanied by Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome Affect the Ocular Surface and Anterior Segment Structures?

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1178470/v1 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Bediz Özen ◽

Hakan Öztürk

Keyword(s):

Anterior Chamber ◽

Ocular Surface ◽

Anterior Segment ◽

Tear Film ◽

Disease Index ◽

Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Grade 3 ◽

Group 1

Abstract Purpose: Probability of coexistence of conjunctivochalasis and pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PES) in same individual may increase with aging. We investigated effects of conjunctivochalasis accompanied by PES on ocular surface (OS) and anterior segment (AS) structures.Methods: Cases with only conjunctivochalasis were determined as group-1 (n=62), cases with conjunctivochalasis accompanied by PES as group-2 (n=45), and healthy cases as group-3 (n=56). OS and AS parameters of groups were compared.Results: Compared to group-1, group-2 had higher grade-3 conjunctivochalasis (17.7% vs 46.7%, p=0.039), greater mean grade of conjunctivochalasis (MGC) (1.72±0.24 vs 2.29±0.32, p=0.036), higher total conjunctivochalasis score (TCS) (4.27±1.13 vs 6.12±1.35, p=0.025), shorter tear-film break-up time (TBUT) (9.17±2.53 vs 5.41±1.32, p=0.010), greater OS disease index (OSDI)-score (16.28±3.15 vs 27.36±4.12, p=0.037). Compared to group-3, both group-1 and group-2 had shorter TBUT (group 3-1: p=0.004; group 3-2: p<0.001) and greater OSDI score (group 3-1: p=0.042; group 3-2: p=0.019). Schirmer tests, central corneal thicknesses, keratometries, axial lengths, anterior chamber depths and lens thicknesses of groups were similar (p>0.05). In group-1 and group-2, as age increased, both MGC (r=0.349, p=0.043; r=0.403, p=0.022, respectively) and TCS (r=0.322, p=0.046; r=0.372, p=0.031) increased. In group-2, as both MGC and TCS increased, TBUT (r=-0.370, p=0.034; r=-0.401, p=0.025) decreased and OSDI score (r=0.338, p=0.045; r=0.362, p=0.040) increased.Conclusions: To our knowledge, this was the first study comprehensively investigating effects of conjunctivochalasis accompanied by PES on OS and AS structures together. We found that conjunctivochalasis might cause OS disease, while presence of PES in conjunctivochalasis cases might worsen OS disease and conjunctivochalasis findings.

Download Full-text