scholarly journals Assessment of air pollution effects in the subjects of Khartoum industrial area, Sudan via cytological interpretations

2016 ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
EM Osman
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Proliferative Activity ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollution Effects ◽  
Cytological Atypia ◽  
Lung Epithelial ◽  
Air Pollution Effects

The study was conducted to assess the air pollution-related lung cellular proliferative activity and inflammatory cells infiltrate among Sudanese subjects, who worked at least 8 hours per day. A total of seventy-five workers who worked for at least 5 years in the polluted area were included, sputum/ blood samples were collected to evaluate the cytological atypia and metaplasia.Out of 75 subjects, Cytological atypia and metaplasia were detected among 8% and 16% of the participant respectively, and such types of changes due to the exposure of occupational air pollution were found to be statistically significant (P= 0.01 ). Similarly, acute and chronic inflammatory cells infiltrate were identified among 10.7% and 14.7% of the study subject respectively; the changes was statistically significant compared to control (P= 0.001). Exposure to occupational air pollutant was associated with alteration in cells of lungs such atypia, acute and chronic inflammatory cells. This finding supports the earlier studies that long exposure to air pollutants is associated to lung atypical alterations. Keywords: Lung epithelial, air pollution hazards, Sudan

scholarly journals Air pollution effects on myocardial infarction

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 414-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sônia Cendon ◽  
Luiz A A Pereira ◽  
Alfésio L F Braga ◽  
Gleice M S Conceição ◽  
Abraão Cury Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Pollution Effects ◽  
Air Pollution Effects

OBJECTIVE: Myocardial infarction is an acute and severe cardiovascular disease that generally leads to patient admissions to intensive care units and few cases are initially admitted to infirmaries. The objective of the study was to assess whether estimates of air pollution effects on myocardial infarction morbidity are modified by the source of health information. METHODS: The study was carried out in hospitals of the Brazilian Health System in the city of São Paulo, Southern Brazil. A time series study (1998-1999) was performed using two outcomes: infarction admissions to infirmaries and to intensive care units, both for people older than 64 years of age. Generalized linear models controlling for seasonality (long and short-term trends) and weather were used. The eight-day cumulative effects of air pollutants were assessed using third degree polynomial distributed lag models. RESULTS: Almost 70% of daily hospital admissions due to myocardial infarction were to infirmaries. Despite that, the effects of air pollutants on infarction were higher for intensive care units admissions. All pollutants were positively associated with the study outcomes but SO2 presented the strongest statistically significant association. An interquartile range increase on SO2 concentration was associated with increases of 13% (95% CI: 6-19) and 8% (95% CI: 2-13) of intensive care units and infirmary infarction admissions, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: It may be assumed there is a misclassification of myocardial infarction admissions to infirmaries leading to overestimation. Also, despite the absolute number of events, admissions to intensive care units data provides a more adequate estimate of the magnitude of air pollution effects on infarction admissions.

scholarly journals Relationship between Air Pollutant Exposure and Gynecologic Cancer Risk

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5353
Author(s):  
Qiwei Yu ◽  
Liqiang Zhang ◽  
Kun Hou ◽  
Jingwen Li ◽  
Suhong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
Gynecologic Cancer ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Increased Risk

Exposure to air pollution has been suggested to be associated with an increased risk of women’s health disorders. However, it remains unknown to what extent changes in ambient air pollution affect gynecological cancer. In our case–control study, the logistic regression model was combined with the restricted cubic spline to examine the association of short-term exposure to air pollution with gynecological cancer events using the clinical data of 35,989 women in Beijing from December 2008 to December 2017. We assessed the women’s exposure to air pollutants using the monitor located nearest to each woman’s residence and working places, adjusting for age, occupation, ambient temperature, and ambient humidity. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were examined to evaluate gynecologic cancer risk in six time windows (Phase 1–Phase 6) of women’s exposure to air pollutants (PM2.5, CO, O3, and SO2) and the highest ORs were found in Phase 4 (240 days). Then, the higher adjusted ORs were found associated with the increased concentrations of each pollutant (PM2.5, CO, O3, and SO2) in Phase 4. For instance, the adjusted OR of gynecological cancer risk for a 1.0-mg m−3 increase in CO exposures was 1.010 (95% CI: 0.881–1.139) below 0.8 mg m−3, 1.032 (95% CI: 0.871–1.194) at 0.8–1.0 mg m−3, 1.059 (95% CI: 0.973–1.145) at 1.0–1.4 mg m−3, and 1.120 (95% CI: 0.993–1.246) above 1.4 mg m−3. The ORs calculated in different air pollution levels accessed us to identify the nonlinear association between women’s exposure to air pollutants (PM2.5, CO, O3, and SO2) and the gynecological cancer risk. This study supports that the gynecologic risks associated with air pollution should be considered in improved public health preventive measures and policymaking to minimize the dangerous effects of air pollution.

scholarly journals A health economic assessment of air pollution effects under climate neutral vehicle fleet scenarios in Stockholm, Sweden

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 101084
Author(s):  
Hedi Katre Kriit ◽  
Johan Nilsson Sommar ◽  
Bertil Forsberg ◽  
Stefan Åström ◽  
Mikael Svensson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Economic ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Pollution Effects ◽  
Air Pollution Effects ◽  
Vehicle Fleet

Air Pollution: Effects on Plants

Science ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 187 (4178) ◽  
pp. 731-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Marx
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pollution Effects ◽  
Air Pollution Effects

scholarly journals Monitoring air pollution effects in children for supporting public health policy: the MAPEC_LIFE study

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Ceretti ◽  
S Bonizzoni ◽  
A Bonetti ◽  
S Monarca ◽  
A Carducci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Pollution Effects ◽  
Air Pollution Effects

scholarly journals Association between Air Pollution and the Development of Rheumatic Disease: A Systematic Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin Sun ◽  
Glen Hazlewood ◽  
Sasha Bernatsky ◽  
Gilaad G. Kaplan ◽  
Bertus Eksteen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
American Children

Objective. Environmental risk factors, such as air pollution, have been studied in relation to the risk of development of rheumatic diseases. We performed a systematic literature review to summarize the existing knowledge.Methods. MEDLINE (1946 to September 2016) and EMBASE (1980 to 2016, week 37) databases were searched using MeSH terms and keywords to identify cohort, case-control, and case cross-over studies reporting risk estimates for the development of select rheumatic diseases in relation to exposure of measured air pollutants (n=8). We extracted information on the population sample and study period, method of case and exposure determination, and the estimate of association.Results. There was no consistent evidence of an increased risk for the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with exposure to NO2, SO2, PM2.5, or PM10. Case-control studies in systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs) indicated higher odds of diagnosis with increasing PM2.5exposure, as well as an increased relative risk for juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) in American children <5.5 years of age. There was no association with SARDs and NO2exposure.Conclusion. There is evidence for a possible association between air pollutant exposures and the development of SARDs and JIA, but relationships with other rheumatic diseases are less clear.

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