EMDR Case Formulation Tool

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-231
Author(s):  
Ines Santos
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Case Formulation ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Negative Beliefs ◽  
Psychological Difficulties ◽  
Adaptive Information Processing ◽  
Emdr Therapy

This article describes a diagrammatic clinical tool to be used when formulating cases in eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy. Based on the Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) model, the EMDR Case Formulation Tool is a way of illustrating psychological difficulties, mapping out the relationships between six key elements: unprocessed traumatic experiences, triggers, intrusions, negative beliefs, and symptoms, as well as resilience. From the diagrammatic formulation, a narrative formulation can be developed. The case formulation tool can be shared with the client, used to guide treatment planning, in supervision, and in case consultations. The use of the tool is explained and its clinical applications demonstrated with case examples.

scholarly journals EMDR With Sex Offenders: Using Offense Drivers to Guide Conceptualization and Treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald J. Ricci ◽  
Cheryl A. Clayton
Keyword(s):  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Sexual Offenders ◽  
Sex Offender ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Information Processing Model ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Offending Behavior ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Adaptive Information Processing ◽  
Emdr Therapy

Evidence shows that sexual offenders have higher levels of adverse childhood experiences (ACE) than either the general population or other criminal populations. Historically, it was considered standard practice for sex offender therapists to dissuade their clients from addressing childhood trauma or adversity for fear of excuse making for his offending. The pathways model, which highlights etiology, made room for trauma treatment for offender’s ACE as a legitimate treatment intervention. The adaptive information processing model inherent in eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) trauma therapy is theorized to reorganize the maladaptively stored clustering of cognitions and emotions related to overwhelming or traumatic experiences such as childhood sexual abuse. We suggest EMDR therapy as a means of restructuring distorted implicit cognitions and personal vulnerability factors which are theorized to drive offending behavior. Through a comprehensive literature review, the authors considered 5 extant models in the sex offender literature and developed the offense drivers model. This model is designed to guide and inform EMDR therapy with sex offenders. A case example illustrates the implementation of this treatment process. A checklist of offense drivers is provided to assist in case conceptualization and treatment.

scholarly journals Transference and Countertransference in EMDR Therapy

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Piedfort-Marin
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Attachment Theory ◽  
Mirror Neurons ◽  
Disorganized Attachment ◽  
Unconscious Processes ◽  
Action Systems ◽  
Transference And Countertransference ◽  
Adaptive Information Processing ◽  
Emdr Therapy ◽  
Complex Cases

Just like any other psychotherapy method, eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) should conceptualize the intersubjective phenomena that are active during EMDR therapy, especially in the treatment of complex cases. This article describes the concepts of transference and countertransference and how to integrate them in the Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) model. In this article, research on mirror neurons, the concept of action systems, and recent considerations on attachment theory for patients with disorganized attachment are incorporated into the concepts of transference and countertransference. Input from each of these theories is illustrated with a clinical vignette that depicts how the client’s and the therapist’s conscious and unconscious processes are intertwined and how they may affect the efficacy of EMDR therapy. We propose the countertransference-based interweave to release the AIP when countertransference issues block the process. Integrating knowledge on transference and countertransference in EMDR therapy could increase the efficacy of EMDR, especially in complex cases.

Early EMDR Intervention (EEI): A Summary, a Theoretical Model, and the Recent Traumatic Episode Protocol (R-TEP)

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elan Shapiro ◽  
Brurit Laub
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Professional Issues ◽  
Attention Regulation ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Sensory Image ◽  
Traumatic Episode ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Adaptive Information Processing ◽  
The Relationship

This article examines existing early EMDR intervention (EEI) procedures, presents a conceptual model, and proposes a new comprehensive protocol: the Recent-Traumatic Episode protocol (R-TEP). A review of research and important professional issues regarding application and parameters are presented. The commonly used EEI protocols and procedures are summarized, with the inclusion of descriptive case examples from the Lebanon war and a review of related research. Then a theoretical model is presented in which traumatic information processing is conceptualized as expanding from a narrow focus on the sensory image (perceptual level) to a wider focus on the event/episode (experiential level) and finally to a broad focus on the theme/identity (meaning level). The relationship of this model to the Recent-Traumatic Episode protocol is articulated and case examples are presented. Theoretical speculations are discussed relating to attention regulation and the Adaptive Information Processing (AIP) model. Further research is encouraged.

A Dialectical Perspective on the Adaptive Information Processing Model and EMDR Therapy

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brurit Laub ◽  
Nomi Weiner ◽  
Sheila S. Bender
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Vertical Movement ◽  
Information Processing Model ◽  
Therapeutic Presence ◽  
Dependence Versus ◽  
Dialectical Perspective ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Adaptive Information Processing ◽  
Emdr Therapy

This article proposes a dialectical perspective on the adaptive information processing (AIP) model (F. Shapiro, 1995, 2001) with application to eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy. Dialectical principles may contribute to a more detailed understanding of the way the AIP system works as well as adding new therapeutic guidelines. Our dialectical perspective is based on 2 propositions. The first is that the movement of the AIP system toward integration consists of 2 dialectical movements: horizontal and vertical. The horizontal movement is between various opposites of the individual such as danger versus safety, dependence versus independence, worthlessness versus self-worth. The vertical movement relates to whole/part shifts in which a whole becomes a part of the next higher whole. The synergetic flow of both dialectical movements is depicted as a spiral of the AIP system. The second proposition suggests that the AIP system operates through cycles of differentiation and linking. These cycles separate the condensed and fragmented memory network into parts, enabling new links to occur. Differentiation and linking are also discussed in relation to dialectical attunement and mindful dual awareness. Using clinical vignettes, we illustrate how this perspective can supply the EMDR therapist a map of the client’s associative processing, enhance attuned therapeutic presence, and promote effective dialectical interweaves when processing is stuck.

What Is EMDR? Concluding Commentary by Greenwald and Response by Shapiro

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricky Greenwald ◽  
Ricky Greenwald ◽  
Francine Shapiro ◽  
Francine Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Empirical Basis ◽  
Traditional Process ◽  
Adaptive Information Processing ◽  
Emdr Therapy

This Point/Counterpoint concludes the interchange in Greenwald, R. and Shapiro, F. (2010) What is EMDR?: Commentary by Greenwald and Invited Response by Shapiro Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 4, 170–179. Greenwald Rejoinder: In this rejoinder, I highlight areas of agreement between Shapiro and me that were obscured by Shapiro’s (2010) response to my (Greenwald, 2010) commentary. I also address some of the erroneous statements made by Shapiro (2010) in her arguments against my positions. Finally, I summarize our disagreements, and again assert that until we have an empirical basis for preferring a particular theoretical model of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), it is premature for professional organizations to endorse Shapiro’s model. Shapiro Response: In response to Greenwald, I again confine myself to addressing some of the errors and misconceptions in his arguments in relation to important aspects of EMDR therapy, theory, and research. Further, contrary to his assertion, there is already a sufficient empirical basis to support the preferential use of the adaptive information processing (AIP) model from which the EMDR procedures were formulated. His argument against this position is antithetical to the traditional process by which foundational models are challenged, refined, or replaced. Implications are salient to both training and practice.

Event-Related Potentials in Psychiatry: Approaches to Research and Clinical Applications

1983 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Stampfer
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Clinical Methods ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Brain

This article suggests that the potential usefulness of event-related potentials in psychiatry has not been fully explored because of the limitations of various approaches to research adopted to date, and because the field is still undergoing rapid development. Newer approaches to data acquisition and methods of analysis, combined with closer co-operation between medical and physical scientists, will help to establish the practical application of these signals in psychiatric disorders and assist our understanding of psychophysiological information processing in the brain. Finally, it is suggested that psychiatrists should seek to understand these techniques and the data they generate, since they provide more direct access to measures of complex cerebral processes than current clinical methods.

scholarly journals Present and future utility of computed tomography scanning in the assessment and management of COPD

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 216-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristoffer Ostridge ◽  
Tom M.A. Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Lung Structure ◽  
Computed Tomography Scanning ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Future Utility

Computed tomography (CT) is the modality of choice for imaging the thorax and lung structure. In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), it used to recognise the key morphological features of emphysema, bronchial wall thickening and gas trapping. Despite this, its place in the investigation and management of COPD is yet to be determined, and it is not routinely recommended. However, lung CT already has important clinical applications where it can be used to diagnose concomitant pathology and determine which patients with severe emphysema are appropriate for lung volume reduction procedures. Furthermore, novel quantitative analysis techniques permit objective measurements of pulmonary and extrapulmonary manifestations of the disease. These techniques can give important insights into COPD, and help explore the heterogeneity and underlying mechanisms of the condition. In time, it is hoped that these techniques can be used in clinical trials to help develop disease-specific therapy and, ultimately, as a clinical tool in identifying patients who would benefit most from new and existing treatments. This review discusses the current clinical applications for CT imaging in COPD and quantification techniques, and its potential future role in stratifying disease for optimal outcome.

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