Sexual Violence and Help-Seeking Among LGBQ and Heterosexual College Students

Partner Abuse ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah B. Richardson ◽  
Jessica L. Armstrong ◽  
Denise A. Hines ◽  
Kathleen M. Palm Reed
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Exact Tests ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
The Relationship

This study sought to address underserved victims of sexual violence by examining reports of sexual violence, substance use, and help-seeking events among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer (LGBQ) and heterosexual college students. There were 2,790 students (2,482 heterosexual students and 308 LGBQ students) across 4 years who completed an online, anonymous survey measuring self-reports of sexual violence, substance use, and help-seeking. Chi-square analyses and Fisher’s exact tests were conducted to determine differences in reports of sexual violence between LGBQ and heterosexual participants. Events reported by LGBQ students were significantly more likely to involve threatened sexual intercourse and sexual contact while intoxicated as compared to events reported by heterosexual students. Similar low rates of help-seeking following a sexual violence event were found among LGBQ and heterosexual victims, with most victims citing that the event was not serious enough to warrant help. LGBQ victims were significantly more likely to report that they did not seek help because they thought they would be blamed. Both LGBQ and heterosexual college students would benefit from education on issues of sexual violence, particularly the relationship between substance use and consent.

scholarly journals Mummy, Daddy, and Addiction: Implicit Insecure Attachment is Associated with Substance Use in College Students

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilfried Serra ◽  
Armand Chatard ◽  
Nina Tello ◽  
Ghina Harika-Germaneau ◽  
Xavier Noël ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Addictive Behaviors ◽  
Indirect Measures ◽  
Adult Attachment Styles ◽  
Single Category ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
The Relationship

Indirect measures of cognition have become an important tool in research on addiction. To date, however, no research has examined whether indirect measures of parent attachment relate to substance use. To examine this issue, a sample of college students (N = 121) was asked to complete two measures of explicit attachment (the Relationship Questionnaire; Bartholomew & Horowitz, 1991, and the Adult Attachment Styles; Collins & Read, 1990), and a measure of implicit attachment (the Single Category Implicit Association Test, Karpinski & Steinman, 2006). The indirect attachment measure assessed the strength of automatic mental association between the concepts parents and secure. Participants also completed different measures of tobacco, cannabis, and alcohol use. Results showed that, for most of the participants, the parents were considered a source of security at both the explicit and implicit levels. Direct and indirect attachment measures were not related to each other. Overall, explicit attachment was not related to substance use. However, implicit attachment was significantly associated with the use of licit (tobacco) and illicit (cannabis) drugs. We also found some evidence that polydrug use is especially common among students with an insecure implicit attachment. This is the first study to examine how implicit attachment processes relate to addictive behaviors. The results suggest that implicit attachment, thought to reflect unconscious traces of past experiences, is a better predictor of substance use in college students than direct, self-reported measures of attachment. Further studies should examine whether implicit attachment is associated with severe substance use disorders in clinical populations.

A Descriptive Analysis of College Students’ Experiences of Female-Perpetrated Sexual Assault

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-538
Author(s):  
Gianna Gambardella ◽  
Madeline Benz ◽  
Denise A. Hines ◽  
Kathleen M. Palm Reed
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Male Perpetrators ◽  
Female Perpetrators ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Assault Victims ◽  
Experienced Female

The current study sought to explore the experiences of college students who have experienced female-perpetrated sexual assault, and to compare their experiences to those of students assaulted by male perpetrators. A total of 11,165 college students across 11 years completed an online, anonymous survey measuring self-reports of sexual violence, context surrounding their victimization, help-seeking, and well-being. Of the students surveyed, 531 students reported experiencing sexual assault and identified both their own gender and the gender of their perpetrator, and 14% reported having experienced female-perpetrated sexual assault. Victims of female perpetrators were more likely to report their perpetrator being an (ex)intimate partner and less likely to be a stranger. Victims of female perpetrators were also more likely to report that their victimization involved their own drug use. Overall, victims of female-perpetrated sexual assault were less likely to tell anyone about their victimization, or to report to on- or off-campus resources. Finally, our findings suggest that victims of female perpetrators have comparable well-being to victims of male perpetrators. These finding contribute to the overall understanding of female-perpetrated sexual assault.

Campus Sexual Violence Victims with Disabilities: Disclosure and Help Seeking

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052096714
Author(s):  
Anne Kirkner ◽  
Sara-Beth Plummer ◽  
Patricia A. Findley ◽  
Sarah McMahon
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Campus Climate ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
College Campuses ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Victim Services ◽  
Sources Of Support ◽  
The University

Undergraduate students with disabilities represent an important population on college campuses. Yet the incidence of sexual violence and disclosing/reporting of sexual violence among this population is understudied. This exploratory and largely descriptive study uses an intersectional framework to understand the sexual victimization of undergraduate students with disabilities at a large Mid-Atlantic academic institution. The sample consisted of students who completed a sexual violence module ( N = 2,929) as part of a larger campus climate survey. Students with disabilities comprised a smaller sample within this group ( n = 177) and descriptive and chi-square results from both groups of students are reported. Students with disabilities had a statistically significant higher likelihood of sexual violence victimization before coming to campus and while at the university, with much higher rates for precollege victimization than students with no disabilities. Disclosure rates were not different for students across the two groups, though students with disabilities were more likely to utilize formal sources of support, such as campus Title IX offices and mental health services. This study shows support for a strengths-based approach that recognizes that students with disabilities may be more likely to reach out to campus resources. The findings of the study also underscore the need for culturally relevant victim services for students with disabilities. An evaluation of the culture of a university and its environment of openness, sharing, community, and protection (or lack thereof) can be a key point for future approaches to sexual violence on campus.

The Relationship Between College Students' Self-Reports of Class Participation and Perceived Instructor Impressions

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott A. Myers ◽  
Sean M. Horan ◽  
Carrie D. Kennedy-Lightsey ◽  
Paul E. Madlock ◽  
Robert J. Sidelinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Class Participation ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
The Relationship

The Relationship between Students' Self-Reported Aggressive Communication and Motives to Communicate with Their Instructors

2010 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad Edwards ◽  
Scott A. Myers
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Communication Behaviors ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Verbal Aggressiveness ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Aggressive Communication ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Negative Relationships

Using a convenience sample, 172 college students' ( M age = 20.2 yr., SD = 2.5) motives for communicating with their instructors and their own verbal aggressiveness and argumentativeness were studied using the Argumentativeness Scale, the Verbal Aggressiveness Scale, and the Student Motives to Communicate Scale. Significant negative relationships were obtained between students' self-reports of argumentativeness and the sycophantic motive and between students' self-reports of verbal aggressiveness and the functional motive, but generally, students' motives to communicate with their instructors generally were not associated with their self-reported aggressive communication behaviors.

scholarly journals Cannabis Use Among Women: Does Daily Assessment Reactivity Affect Usage Patterns?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Isaacs ◽  
Sean MacKinnon ◽  
Kayla Joyce ◽  
Sherry Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Daily Diary ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Assessment Reactivity ◽  
Diary Research ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND: Daily diary measurements are a common way to assess substance use behaviours, however researchers and clinicians are often cognizant of assessment reactivity (or “reactivity”) in daily substance use measurement. Reactivity involves changes to behaviours that result simply from self-monitoring those behaviours. When reactivity to substance use measurement has been found to exist, it has been identified both as a possible confound in daily diary research and a potential intervention tool in clinical practice. Reactivity to daily self-monitoring of alcohol and tobacco use has been investigated in prior research, however this research has been inconsistent. Reactivity to daily self-monitoring of cannabis use quantity has yet to be documented at all. METHOD: The current study involved secondary analyses of data from N=88 women who self-monitored their cannabis use for 32 consecutive days (Joyce et al., under review). We examined objective reactivity of cannabis use to daily self-monitoring both for the probability of use each day as well as the quantity of cannabis used on each cannabis-using day. At study completion, participants were asked the degree to which they felt self-monitoring impacted their cannabis use (i.e., subjective reactivity). We explored the reported degree of subjective reactivity, and we examined correspondence between objective and subjective reactivity. RESULTS: Hurdle models were the best fit for the data. Participants’ probability of daily cannabis use and the quantity of cannabis use did not change significantly over the study period. For subjective reactivity, many respondents (45%) reported no subjective reactivity, though a majority (55%) reported some degree of subjective reactivity with 24% reporting moderate or more reactivity. A three-step hierarchical linear model was used to investigate the relationship between objective and subjective reactivity. Time was the only predictor in the first step, subjective reactivity was added as a predictor in the second step, and the time x subjective reactivity interaction was explored in the final step. Subjective reactivity was not found to moderate the relationship between time and cannabis use, although there was a significant relationship between self-reported subjective reactivity and variability of cannabis use across the data collection period. CONCLUSIONS: This study determined that participants who report greater subjective reactivity to cannabis measurement are more likely to demonstrate variability in their cannabis usage. While this study did not find a significant change in cannabis scores over time because of reactivity, the non-significant results are valuable from both a research and a clinical standpoint. For research, the lack of change is an indicator that reactivity is likely not a confounding factor in studies involving cannabis daily diary research. From a clinical perspective, the non-significant change indicates that simply self-monitoring cannabis is unlikely to provide standalone benefits when daily self-monitoring is used in clinical practice. It is relevant to note that our study involved a non-help-seeking sample, and future research could benefit from determining whether cannabis reactivity may be moderated by help-seeking behaviours or motivations to change.

Gender Differences in the Relationship Between the Nature of Intimate Partner Violence and the Survivor’s Help-Seeking

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 712-729
Author(s):  
Hyunkag Cho ◽  
Jisuk Seon ◽  
Jae-Bum Han ◽  
Daria Shamrova ◽  
Ilan Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
The Relationship

This study used the National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey to examine how gender interacts with the nature of intimate partner violence (IPV) in the survivor’s help-seeking. A total of 3,878 IPV survivors (869 male and 3,009 female) were included in the study sample. Dependent variables were help-seeking and the use of formal and informal sources. Independent variables included gender, race, income, and the patterns of victimization and consequences of victimization. The results showed that survivors’ characteristics and the patterns of victimization and consequences affect help-seeking, and that gender moderates the relationship between consequences and the use of formal help.

The Relationship Between Socialization and Antisocial Behavior, Substance Use, and Family Conflict in College Students

1994 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Kosson ◽  
Brian L. Steuerwald ◽  
Joseph P. Newman ◽  
Cathy S. Widom
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Antisocial Behavior ◽  
Family Conflict ◽  
The Relationship
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