scholarly journals Vulnérabilité De La Commune Urbaine De Mopti Aux Inondations

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (40) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Abdoulkadri Oumarou Toure ◽  
Mostafia Boughalem ◽  
Fatoumata Maiga ◽  
Issa Ouattara
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Local Planning ◽  
Climate Risks ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Water Level Data ◽  
Strict Compliance ◽  
Data Flood

La commune urbaine de Mopti, particulièrement la ville du même nom, du fait de son positionnement géographique (à la confluence du fleuve Niger et de son principal affluent, le Bani) est exposée aux épisodes d’inondation. L’objectif de cette recherche est de montrer la vulnérabilité de la commune aux évènements pluviométriques et hydriques extrêmes et de proposer des pistes de solutions en vue de prévenir les risques d’inondation. La démarche méthodologique a consisté à analyser les données pluviométriques et hydriques (données de crues et de hauteurs d’eau) journalières de la station de Mopti à l’aide des logiciels Excel et XLSTAT. Les analyses portent sur le calcul des indices de précipitations et hydriques extrêmes et la détermination de leur période de retour. Les résultats font ressortir que la fréquence des évènements pluviométriques et hydriques dans la commune a augmenté depuis la moitié des années 2000, occasionnant des inondations faisant de plus en plus de victimes et d’importants dégâts en raison notamment des problèmes d’aménagement de la commune. Face à ce défi, faudra-t-il la prise en compte des risques climatiques dans les documents de planification locale, une large sensibilisation des populations et le strict respect de la réglementation en vigueur. The urban commune of Mopti, particularly the city of the same name, due to its geographical location (at the confluence of the Niger River and its main tributary, the Bani) is exposed to flooding episodes. The objective of this research is to show the vulnerability of the town to extreme rainfall and water events and to propose possible solutions to prevent flood risks. The methodological approach consisted in analysing daily rainfall and water data (flood and water level data) from the Mopti station using Excel and XLSTAT software. The analyses focus on the calculation of extreme rainfall and water indices and the determination of their return period. The results show that the frequency of rainfall and water events in the commune has increased since the mid-2000s, causing floods with an increasing number of victims and significant damage, due in particular to the commune's development problems. Faced with this challenge, one should take in to consideration of climate risks in local planning documents, a broad awareness of the population and strict compliance with the regulations in force.

The Influence of Geographical Factors on Extreme Rainfalls in Lampung Province

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
M Welly
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Location ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Design Flood ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Ungauged Basin ◽  
Flood Discharge ◽  
Design Rainfall ◽  
Geographical Factors

Many people in Indonesia calculate design rainfall before calculating the design flooddischarge. The design rainfall with a certain return period will eventually be convertedinto a design flood discharge by combining it with the characteristics of the watershed.However, the lack of a network of rainfall recording stations makes many areas that arenot hydrologically measured (ungauged basin), so it is quite difficult to know thecharacteristics of rain in the area concerned. This study aims to analyze thecharacteristics of design rainfall in Lampung Province. The focus of the analysis is toinvestigate whether geographical factors influence the design rainfall that occurs in theparticular area. The data used in this study is daily rainfall data from 15 rainfallrecording stations spread in Lampung Province. The method of frequency analysis usedin this study is the Gumbel method. The research shows that the geographical location ofan area does not have significant effect on extreme rainfall events. The effect of risingearth temperatures due to natural exploitation by humans tends to be stronger as a causeof extreme events such as extreme rainfall.Keywords: Influence, geographical, factors, extreme, rainfall.

scholarly journals PEMODELAN HIDROLOGI DENGAN HEC-HMS DI SUB-DAS KARANGMUMUS SAMARINDA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Rachmad Mulyadi ◽  
Yohanes Budi Sulistioadi ◽  
Ali Suhardiman
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Rating Curve ◽  
Discharge Data ◽  
Flow Discharge ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Water Level Data ◽  
Number Percentage

Hydrological Modeling with HEC-HMS in the Karangmumus Sub-watershed Samarinda. The HEC-HMS is used to develop a model of water flow in the Karangmumus which can be used as an alternative for flooding problem. The purpose of this study is to determine the amount of flow discharge generated from rainfall that enters the Karangmumus using the HEC-HMS and to determine the effect of rain parameters on the HEC-HMS to make an hydrological model simulation.For simulation using daily rainfall and water level data, curve number, percentage of watertight, amount of initial absorption and the time needed to reach the peak discharge in the sub-watersheds obtained from the river model created. The highest rainfall Karangmumus Sub-watershed that is 84,4 mm produces a discharge of 211 m3/sec and at the lowest rainfall of 1,05 mm produces a discharge of 3,4 m3/sec. Hydrological modeling of the simulation results has the same hydrograph with the rainfall data but not the discharge data calculated with the rating curve. The validation of observing the debit data of the efficiency value (NSE) <0,36 which means that the data used are not satisfactory or invalid.

scholarly journals Model Based Assessment of the Reflection Behavior of Tidal Waves at Bathymetric Changes in Estuaries

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 489
Author(s):  
Vanessa Sohrt ◽  
Sebastian S.V. Hein ◽  
Edgar Nehlsen ◽  
Thomas Strotmann ◽  
Peter Fröhle
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Agreement ◽  
Tidal Waves ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Water Level Data ◽  
Abrupt Changes ◽  
Water Effects ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Tidal Constituents ◽  
Harmonic Components

Estuaries are often modified by human activities. Adjustments in the morphology of an estuary have a potential impact on the hydrodynamics and on the reflection behavior of the tide. The influence of such system changes on the complex tidal regime with a large number of superimposed tidal constituents is not fully understood yet. The reflection properties of estuaries that are characterized by abrupt changes in geometry are systematically investigated on the basis of simplified estuary model approaches to improve the understanding of the oscillation and reflection behavior of tidal waves in estuaries. The reflection coefficients at abrupt cross-sectional changes are determined by two different methods, i.e., an analytical energy-based approach and a hydrodynamic numerical (HN) model. Comparisons indicate a high agreement of the results of the different methods when evaluating the reflection coefficient. The tidal constituents are reflected at partial and total reflectors and amplified by shoaling depending on the water depths, the height of the bottom step and the horizontal constriction. A harmonic analysis of simulated water level data partly shows the formation and amplification of higher harmonic components as a result of shallow water effects. The interaction with reflectors results in an increasing amplification of the tidal constituents and the tide.

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