The ground truth of the Data-Iceberg: Correct Meta-data

Biological molecular data such as sequence information increase so rapidly that detailed metadata, describing the process and conditions of data collection as well as proper labelling and typing of the data become ever more important to avoid mistakes and erroneous labeling. Starting from a striking example of wrong labelling of patient data recently published in Nature, we advocate measures to improve software metadata and controls in a timely manner to not rapidly loose quality in the ever-growing data flood.

Automatic Open Water Flood Detection from Sentinel-1 Multi-Temporal Imagery

Many technical infrastructure operators manage facilities distributed over large areas. They face the problem of finding out if a flood hit a specific facility located in the open countryside. Physical inspection after every heavy rain is time and personnel consuming, and equipping all facilities with flood detection is expensive. Therefore, methods are being sought to ensure that these facilities are monitored at a minimum cost. One of the possibilities is using remote sensing, especially radar data regularly scanned by satellites. A significant challenge in this area was the launch of Sentinel-1 providing free-of-charge data with adequate spatial resolution and relatively high revisit time. This paper presents a developed automatic processing chain for flood detection in the open landscape from Sentinel-1 data. Flood detection can be started on-demand; however, it mainly focuses on autonomous near real-time monitoring. It is based on a combination of algorithms for multi-temporal change detection and histogram thresholding open-water detection. The solution was validated on five flood events in four European countries by comparing its results with flood delineation derived from reference datasets. Long-term tests were also performed to evaluate the potential for a false positive occurrence. In the statistical classification assessments, the mean value of user accuracy (producer accuracy) for open-water class reached 83% (65%). The developed solution typically provided flooded polygons in the same areas as the reference dataset, but of a smaller size. This fact is mainly attributed to the use of universal sensitivity parameters, independent of the specific location, which ensure almost complete successful suppression of false alarms.

Vulnérabilité De La Commune Urbaine De Mopti Aux Inondations

La commune urbaine de Mopti, particulièrement la ville du même nom, du fait de son positionnement géographique (à la confluence du fleuve Niger et de son principal affluent, le Bani) est exposée aux épisodes d’inondation. L’objectif de cette recherche est de montrer la vulnérabilité de la commune aux évènements pluviométriques et hydriques extrêmes et de proposer des pistes de solutions en vue de prévenir les risques d’inondation. La démarche méthodologique a consisté à analyser les données pluviométriques et hydriques (données de crues et de hauteurs d’eau) journalières de la station de Mopti à l’aide des logiciels Excel et XLSTAT. Les analyses portent sur le calcul des indices de précipitations et hydriques extrêmes et la détermination de leur période de retour. Les résultats font ressortir que la fréquence des évènements pluviométriques et hydriques dans la commune a augmenté depuis la moitié des années 2000, occasionnant des inondations faisant de plus en plus de victimes et d’importants dégâts en raison notamment des problèmes d’aménagement de la commune. Face à ce défi, faudra-t-il la prise en compte des risques climatiques dans les documents de planification locale, une large sensibilisation des populations et le strict respect de la réglementation en vigueur. The urban commune of Mopti, particularly the city of the same name, due to its geographical location (at the confluence of the Niger River and its main tributary, the Bani) is exposed to flooding episodes. The objective of this research is to show the vulnerability of the town to extreme rainfall and water events and to propose possible solutions to prevent flood risks. The methodological approach consisted in analysing daily rainfall and water data (flood and water level data) from the Mopti station using Excel and XLSTAT software. The analyses focus on the calculation of extreme rainfall and water indices and the determination of their return period. The results show that the frequency of rainfall and water events in the commune has increased since the mid-2000s, causing floods with an increasing number of victims and significant damage, due in particular to the commune's development problems. Faced with this challenge, one should take in to consideration of climate risks in local planning documents, a broad awareness of the population and strict compliance with the regulations in force.

Biomolecule and Bioentity Interaction Databases in Systems Biology: A Comprehensive Review

Technological advances in high-throughput techniques have resulted in tremendous growth of complex biological datasets providing evidence regarding various biomolecular interactions. To cope with this data flood, computational approaches, web services, and databases have been implemented to deal with issues such as data integration, visualization, exploration, organization, scalability, and complexity. Nevertheless, as the number of such sets increases, it is becoming more and more difficult for an end user to know what the scope and focus of each repository is and how redundant the information between them is. Several repositories have a more general scope, while others focus on specialized aspects, such as specific organisms or biological systems. Unfortunately, many of these databases are self-contained or poorly documented and maintained. For a clearer view, in this article we provide a comprehensive categorization, comparison and evaluation of such repositories for different bioentity interaction types. We discuss most of the publicly available services based on their content, sources of information, data representation methods, user-friendliness, scope and interconnectivity, and we comment on their strengths and weaknesses. We aim for this review to reach a broad readership varying from biomedical beginners to experts and serve as a reference article in the field of Network Biology.

Design of Rectangular Weir (Sivakasi Lake)

The study was undertaken to design a weir in sivakasi lake of Tamil nadu. The present details of the lake such as combined catchment, intercepted catchment of the lake, full tank level, maximum water level of the tank, bund level, ground level and details of the weir such as size of the weir, materials used for the construction of the weir were analysed. And we have collected the population in that area, rain fall data, flood ratio of that particular lake and total number of houses in that area, number of houses in upstream and number of houses in down stream of the lake. The cause of designing a weir is due to the damage in the existing weir and bunds of the lake so it cannot with stand the pressure of the water in heavy rain fall. To avoid the flood water entering in the residential areas near by the lake we have designed a weir. So that the water can be saved in the lake and there will be no flood occurs in due to the heavy rain fall.

PERANCANGAN SISTEM PENCEGAHAN FLOODING PADA JARINGAN

Suatu serangan ke dalam Server jaringan computer dapat terjadi kapan saja. Baik pada saat administrator sedang kerja atupun tidak. Dengan demikian dibutuhkan sistem pertahanan didalam server itu sendiri yang bisa menganalisa langsung apakah setiap paket yang masuk tersebut adalah data yang diharapkan ataupun data yang tidak diharapkan. Kalau paket tersebut merupakan data yang tidak diharapkan, diusahakan agar komputer bisa mengambil tindakan yaitu dengan mengeblok IP asal paket tersebut.Pemodelan suatu sistem yang digunakan untuk mengatasi flooding data pada suatu jaringan. Sistem didesain dengan jalan membuat suatu firewall yang aktif yang bisa mendifinisikan setiap data yang masuk kedalam server, apakah data yang datang itu merupakan sebuah data flood atau data yang diperlukan oleh user. Pemodelan dibuat dengan menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Delphi, dan dalam lingkungan jaringan computer berbasis ip address.Kata Kunci : Flooding, Jaringan computer, blokir ip, paket data, tcp /ip