scholarly journals A Method QSR(Qualitative Spatial Representation and Reasoning)-14 Using a Global Reference Frame for a Dynamic Physical World

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-38
Author(s):  
박규동 ◽  
변영태
Keyword(s):  
Reference Frame ◽  
Spatial Representation ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Qualitative Spatial Representation ◽  
Global Reference Frame

scholarly journals Reasoning about Space, Actions, and Change

Robotics ◽  
2013 ◽  
pp. 315-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehul Bhatt
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Representation ◽  
External World ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Commonsense Knowledge ◽  
Perceived Reality ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Qualitative Spatial Representation ◽  
Logical Perspective ◽  
Critical Link ◽  
Computational Level

Qualitative spatial conceptualizations provide a relational abstraction and interface to the metrical realities of the physical world. Humans, robots, and systems that act and interact, are embedded in space. The space itself undergoes change all the time, typically as a result of volitional actions performed by an agent, and events, both deterministic and otherwise, which occur in the environment. Both categories of occurrences are a critical link to the external world, in a predictive as well as an explanatory sense: anticipations of spatial reality conform to commonsense knowledge of the effects of actions and events on material entities. Similarly, explanations of the perceived reality too are established on the basis of such apriori established commonsense notions. The author reasons about space, actions, and change in an integrated manner, either without being able to clearly demarcate the boundaries of each type of reasoning, or because such boundaries do not exist per se. This chapter is an attempt to position such integrated reasoning as a useful paradigm for the utilization of qualitative spatial representation and reasoning techniques in relevant application domains. From a logical perspective, the author notes that formalisms already exist and that effort need only be directed at specific integration tasks at a commonsense conceptual, formal representational, and computational level.

Reasoning about Space, Actions, and Change

2012 ◽  
pp. 284-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehul Bhatt
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Representation ◽  
External World ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Commonsense Knowledge ◽  
Perceived Reality ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Qualitative Spatial Representation ◽  
Logical Perspective ◽  
Critical Link ◽  
Computational Level

Qualitative spatial conceptualizations provide a relational abstraction and interface to the metrical realities of the physical world. Humans, robots, and systems that act and interact, are embedded in space. The space itself undergoes change all the time, typically as a result of volitional actions performed by an agent, and events, both deterministic and otherwise, which occur in the environment. Both categories of occurrences are a critical link to the external world, in a predictive as well as an explanatory sense: anticipations of spatial reality conform to commonsense knowledge of the effects of actions and events on material entities. Similarly, explanations of the perceived reality too are established on the basis of such apriori established commonsense notions. The author reasons about space, actions, and change in an integrated manner, either without being able to clearly demarcate the boundaries of each type of reasoning, or because such boundaries do not exist per se. This chapter is an attempt to position such integrated reasoning as a useful paradigm for the utilization of qualitative spatial representation and reasoning techniques in relevant application domains. From a logical perspective, the author notes that formalisms already exist and that effort need only be directed at specific integration tasks at a commonsense conceptual, formal representational, and computational level.

Orientation and lateralized cue use in pigeons navigating a large indoor environment

2002 ◽  
Vol 205 (12) ◽  
pp. 1795-1805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helmut Prior ◽  
Frank Lingenauber ◽  
Jörg Nitschke ◽  
Onur Güntürkün
Keyword(s):  
Reference Frame ◽  
Brain Lateralization ◽  
Spatial Cues ◽  
Brain Hemisphere ◽  
Brain Hemispheres ◽  
Left Brain ◽  
Right Brain ◽  
Starting Location ◽  
The Right ◽  
Global Reference Frame

SUMMARY The pigeon's use of different visuo-spatial cues was studied under controlled laboratory conditions that simulated analogous aspects of a homing situation. The birds first learned the route to a goal that was not visible from the starting location, but became visible as it was approached. Birds could orientate within a mainly geometric global reference frame, using prominent landmarks within their range, or by `piloting' along local cues. After learning the route, the birds were tested from familiar and unfamiliar release points, and several aspects of the available cues were varied systematically. The study explored the contribution of the left and right brain hemispheres by performing tests with the right or left eye occluded. The results show that pigeons can establish accurate bearings towards a non-visible goal by using a global reference frame only. Furthermore, there was a peak of searching activity at the location predicted by the global reference frame. Search at this location and directedness of the bearings were equally high with both right and left eye, suggesting that both brain hemispheres have the same competence level for these components of the task. A lateralization effect occurred when prominent landmarks were removed or translated. While the right brain hemisphere completely ignored such changes,the left brain hemisphere was distracted by removal of landmarks. After translation of landmarks, the left but not the right brain hemisphere allocated part of the searching activity to the site predicted by the new landmark position. The results show that a mainly geometric global visual reference frame is sufficient to determine exact bearings from familiar and unfamiliar release points. Overall, the results suggest a model of brain lateralization with a well-developed global spatial reference system in either hemisphere and an extra capacity for the processing of object features in the left brain.

scholarly journals Geodetic Observations and Global Reference Frame Contributions to Understanding Sea-Level Rise and Variability

2010 ◽  
pp. 256-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoff Blewitt ◽  
Zuheir Altamimi ◽  
James Davis ◽  
Richard Gross ◽  
Chung-Yen Kuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Reference Frame ◽  
Global Reference Frame

The role of visual experience in spatial reference frame preference

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Achille Pasqualotto
Keyword(s):  
Reference Frame ◽  
Spatial Representation ◽  
Visual Experience ◽  
Reference Frames ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Memory Test ◽  
Object Locations ◽  
Congenitally Blind ◽  
Spatial Reference Frame

How do people remember the location of objects? Location is always relative, and thus depends on a reference frame. There are two types of reference frames: egocentric (or observer-based) and allocentric (or environmental-based). Here we investigated the reference frame people used to remember object locations in a large room. We also examined whether the choice of a given reference frame is dictated by visual experience. Thus we tested congenitally blind, late blind, and sighted blindfolded participants. Objects were organized in a structured configuration and then explored one-by-one with participants walking back and forth from a single point. After the exploration of the locations, a spatial memory test was conducted. The memory test required participants to imagine being inside the array of objects, being oriented along a given heading, and then pointing towards the required object. Crucially the headings were either aligned to the allocentric structure of the configuration, that is rows and columns, or aligned to the egocentric route walked during the exploration of the objects. The spatial representation used by the participants can be revealed by better performance when the imagined heading in the test matches the spatial representation used. We found that participants with visual experience, that is late blind and blindfolded sighted, were better with headings aligned to the allocentric structure of the configuration. On the contrary, congenitally blind were more accurate with headings aligned to the egocentric walked routes. This suggests that visual experience during early development determines a preference for an allocentric frame of reference.

scholarly journals A survey of qualitative spatial representations

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Chen ◽  
Anthony G. Cohn ◽  
Dayou Liu ◽  
Shengsheng Wang ◽  
Jihong Ouyang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Representation ◽  
Spatial Databases ◽  
Robot Navigation ◽  
Spatial Relations ◽  
Spatial Representations ◽  
Language Understanding ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Qualitative Spatial Representation ◽  
Autonomous Robot Navigation ◽  
Future Work

AbstractRepresentation and reasoning with qualitative spatial relations is an important problem in artificial intelligence and has wide applications in the fields of geographic information system, computer vision, autonomous robot navigation, natural language understanding, spatial databases and so on. The reasons for this interest in using qualitative spatial relations include cognitive comprehensibility, efficiency and computational facility. This paper summarizes progress in qualitative spatial representation by describing key calculi representing different types of spatial relationships. The paper concludes with a discussion of current research and glimpse of future work.

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