Demanding Power: Contentious Politics and Electricity in Pakistan

Mapping Intimacies ◽

10.19088/ids.2021.047 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Umair Javed ◽

Aiza Hussain ◽

Hassan Aziz

Keyword(s):

Public Discourse ◽

Contentious Politics ◽

Short Term ◽

Public Authorities ◽

Political Issue ◽

Political Events ◽

The Social ◽

Selective Generation ◽

Term Response

This paper explores Pakistan’s electricity supply crisis that lasted from 2007 to 2015, and the ensuing contention that shaped public discourse and political events in the country. During this period, which witnessed electricity outages of up to 14 hours per day, 456 incidents of contention took place, with just under 20 per cent escalating into some form of violence. Electricity became the number one political issue in the country and was integral in shaping the outcomes of the 2013 General Election. Following the election, public authorities undertook extensive investment to expand capacity and ensure consistency in supply while evading questions about affordability and sustainability. On the surface, this appears to be a case of extensive protest working towards shaping state responsiveness. And it is true that the state now sees supply as a non-negotiable aspect in the social contract with citizens. However, a range of factors contributed to the chronology and the selective, generation-focused nature of this response. On the other hand, citizen inclusion and participation in decision-making, and issues of affordability and sustainability, which impact vulnerable and disempowered groups the most, remain absent from the political and policy conversation around energy. This suggests that while protests were useful in generating a short-term response, their long-term legacy in empowerment related outcomes is less visible.

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Unfolding the case of returnees: How the European Union and its member States are addressing the return of foreign fighters and their families

International Review of the Red Cross ◽

10.1017/s1816383121000217 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-23

Author(s):

Carlota Rigotti ◽

Júlia Zomignani Barboza

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Perceived Threat ◽

The European Union ◽

Security Threat ◽

Short Term ◽

Member States ◽

Foreign Fighters ◽

Term Response

Abstract The return of foreign fighters and their families to the European Union has mostly been considered a security threat by member States, which consequently adopt repressive measures aimed at providing an immediate, short-term response to this perceived threat. In addition to this strong-arm approach, reintegration strategies have also been used to prevent returnees from falling back into terrorism and to break down barriers of hostility between citizens in the long term. Amidst these different strategies, this paper seeks to identify which methods are most desirable for handling returnees.

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FRI0178 Positivity for Rheumatoid Factor is Associated with a Better Short-Term Response and Long-Term Drug Retention of Abatacept: Results from Consecutive 508 Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in a Japanese Multicenter Registry

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.2120 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 74 (Suppl 2) ◽

pp. 488.1-488

Author(s):

N. Takahashi ◽

T. Kojima ◽

K. Funahashi ◽

N. Ishiguro

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Rheumatoid Factor ◽

Short Term ◽

Drug Retention ◽

Multicenter Registry ◽

Term Response

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An oncology clinical trial design with randomization adaptive to both short- and long-term responses

Statistical Methods in Medical Research ◽

10.1177/0962280217744816 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 28 (7) ◽

pp. 2015-2031 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hao Liu ◽

Xiao Lin ◽

Xuelin Huang

Keyword(s):

Trial Design ◽

Clinical Trial Design ◽

Therapeutic Benefit ◽

Survival Outcome ◽

Operating Characteristics ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Survival ◽

Long Term Survival ◽

Term Response

In oncology clinical trials, both short-term response and long-term survival are important. We propose an urn-based adaptive randomization design to incorporate both of these two outcomes. While short-term response can update the randomization probability quickly to benefit the trial participants, long-term survival outcome can also change the randomization to favor the treatment arm with definitive therapeutic benefit. Using generalized Friedman’s urn, we derive an explicit formula for the limiting distribution of the number of subjects assigned to each arm. With prior or hypothetical knowledge on treatment effects, this formula can be used to guide the selection of parameters for the proposed design to achieve desirable patient number ratios between different treatment arms, and thus optimize the operating characteristics of the trial design. Simulation studies show that the proposed design successfully assign more patients to the treatment arms with either better short-term tumor response or long-term survival outcome or both.

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‘When that great ship went down’: Modern maritime disasters and collective memory

International Journal of Maritime History ◽

10.1177/0843871414551898 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 734-751

Author(s):

Robert C. Moyer

Keyword(s):

Collective Memory ◽

Psychological Impact ◽

Research Approach ◽

Short Term ◽

Qualitative Comparison ◽

Indirect Measurements ◽

Internet Media ◽

The Social ◽

Air Disaster

The aim of this article is to examine the social and psychological impact of modern maritime disasters upon the population of a technologically developed nation. Through an innovative research approach using various indirect measurements of public interest including the internet, media response, music and film, the article explores the interest displayed by the American public following the loss of ships such as the Titanic, Andrea Doria, Edmund Fitzgerald, and Andrea Gail. In order to provide a basis for qualitative comparison, disasters involving other modes of transportation are also considered, including the Hindenburg crash, the ‘Great Train Wreck of 1918’ in Nashville, TN, the Tenerife air disaster of 1977, and the Concorde crash of 2000. The article seeks to explain why the American public seems to display more short-term and long-term interest in maritime disasters than in disasters involving other forms of transportation.

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The Phantom at The Opera

10.1017/9781009043731 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sidney Tarrow

Keyword(s):

Social Sciences ◽

Political Development ◽

American Political Development ◽

Short Term ◽

The Social

Movements and parties have given rise to two largely separates specialties in the social sciences. This Element is an effort to link the two literatures, using evidence from American political development. It identifies five relational mechanisms governing movement/party relations: two of them short term, two intermediate term, and one long-term. It closes with a reflection on the role of movement/party relations in democratization and for democratic resilience.

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Development of a management tool for reservoirs in Mediterranean environments based on uncertainty analysis

Natural Hazards and Earth System Science ◽

10.5194/nhess-12-1789-2012 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 1789-1797 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

R. Gómez-Beas ◽

A. Moñino ◽

M. J. Polo

Keyword(s):

Uncertainty Analysis ◽

Water Cycle ◽

Integrated Management ◽

Management Tool ◽

Short Term ◽

Climate Fluctuations ◽

The Social ◽

Reservoir Watershed ◽

Supply Capacity

Abstract. In compliance with the development of the Water Framework Directive, there is a need for an integrated management of water resources, which involves the elaboration of reservoir management models. These models should include the operational and technical aspects which allow us to forecast an optimal management in the short term, besides the factors that may affect the volume of water stored in the medium and long term. The climate fluctuations of the water cycle that affect the reservoir watershed should be considered, as well as the social and economic aspects of the area. This paper shows the development of a management model for Rules reservoir (southern Spain), through which the water supply is regulated based on set criteria, in a sustainable way with existing commitments downstream, with the supply capacity being well established depending on demand, and the probability of failure when the operating requirements are not fulfilled. The results obtained allowed us: to find out the reservoir response at different time scales, to introduce an uncertainty analysis and to demonstrate the potential of the methodology proposed here as a tool for decision making.

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Program Corporate Social Responsibility di Industri Hotel: Sebuah Keuntungan atau Kerugian untuk Hotel

Binus Business Review ◽

10.21512/bbr.v3i1.1338 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 502

Author(s):

Maria Pia Adiati

Keyword(s):

Corporate Social Responsibility ◽

Social Responsibility ◽

Social Activity ◽

Public Image ◽

Term Result ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Result ◽

The Social ◽

Corporate Social

A word of CSR which stands for Corporate Social Responsibility is now becoming popular and more often many companies insert the CSR activities into its company profile. CSR has another different names such as Social Activity or Sustainability Development. CSR program according to wikipedia ia an organization or company has a responsibility to its customer, employees, share holders, community and environment in every aspect involved in company operasional. In the management science, there is a level whereas it is called social responsibility or it is just social obligation. Many opinions argues that CSR program will reduce the profit of the respected company. But many opinions denies the previous argue by saying the CSR program is a long term program profit gain since the short term result is good public image. The good public image will lead the loyalti of customer to keep using the product or service from the hotel. The customer loyalti also affected by the customer’s opinion, if they involves in the social activities held by the hotel, they also participate in a social activity.

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Memory in Linguistic Narrative vs. Postmodern Multitasked Multimedia Art Memory

Communication Society and Media ◽

10.22158/csm.v1n2p101 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 101

Author(s):

Vesna Srnic ◽

Emina Berbic Kolar ◽

Igor Ilic

Keyword(s):

Short Term Memory ◽

Social Role ◽

Procedural Memory ◽

Short Term ◽

The Social ◽

Multimedia Art ◽

The Media

In addition to the well-known classification of long-term and short-term memory, we are also interested in distinguishing episodic, semantic and procedural memory in the areas of linguistic narrative and multimedial semantic deconstruction in postmodernism. We compare the liveliness of memorization in literary tradition and literature art with postmodernist divisions and reverberations of traditional memorizations through human multitasking and performative multimedia art, as well as formulate the existence of creative, intuitive and superhuman paradigms.Since the memory can be physical, psychological or spiritual, according to neurobiologist Dr. J. Bauer (Das Gedächtnis des Körpers, 2004), the greatest importance for memorizing has the social role of collaboration, and consequently the personal transformation and remodelling of genomic architecture, yet the media theorist Mark Hansen thinks technology brings different solutions of framing function (Hansen, 2000). We believe that postmodern deconstruction does not necessarily damage memory, especially in the field of human multitasking that utilizes multimedia performative art by means of anthropologization of technology, thereby enhancing artistic and affective pre&post-linguistic experience while unifying technology and humans through intuitive empathy in society.

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