IoT-based system for automated floodwater detection and early warning in the East African region; a case study of arusha and dar es salaam, Tanzania

AbstractIn the developing world astronomy had been treated as the science of elites. As a result of this overwhelming perception, astronomy compared with other applied sciences has got less attention and its role in development has been insignificant. However, the IAU General Assembly decision in 2009 opened new opportunity for countries and professionals to deeply look into Astronomy and its role in development. Then, the subsequent establishment of regional offices in the developing world is helping countries to integrate astronomy with other earth and space based sciences so as to progressively promote its scientific and development importance. Gradually nations have come to know that space is the frontier of tomorrow and the urgency of preeminence on space frontier starts at primary school and ascends to tertiary education. For this to happen, member nations in east African region have placed STEM education at the center of their education system. For instance, Ethiopian has changed University enrollment strategy to be in favor of science and engineering subjects, i.e. every year seventy percent of new University entrants join science and engineering fields while thirty percent social science and humanities. Such bold actions truly promote astronomy to be conceived as gateway to science and technology. To promote the concept of astronomy for development the East African regional office has actually aligned it activities to be in line with the focus areas identified by the IAU strategy (2010 to 2020).

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An Analysis of Public-Private Partnerships in East Africa

Research in World Economy ◽

10.5430/rwe.v11n5p152 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 152

Author(s):

Lukamba Muhiya Tshombe ◽

Thekiso Molokwane ◽

Alex Nduhura ◽

Innocent Nuwagaba

Keyword(s):

Developed Countries ◽

Public Private Partnerships ◽

Infrastructure Development ◽

East African ◽

African Region ◽

African Countries ◽

Scientific Discussion ◽

East African Region ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

The Impact

The impact of the implementation of public-private partnerships (PPPs) in the Sub-Saharan African region on infrastructure and services is becoming increasingly perceptible. A considerable number of African countries have embraced PPPs as a mechanism to finance large projects due to a constrained fiscus. At present, many financial institutions, such as the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund and the African Development Bank, which finance some of the projects, have established a department or unit that mainly focuses on infrastructure development in developing countries. The private sector in Africa is equally seen as a significant partner in the development of infrastructure. African governments need to tap into private capital to invest in infrastructure projects. This scientific discussion provides an analysis of PPPs in the East African region. This article selected a number of countries to illustrate PPP projects in the sub-region. The analysis of this study illustrates that the East African region represents unique and valuable public-private partnership lessons in different countries. This study also traces the origins of PPPs to more than a century ago where developed countries completed some of their projects using the same arrangement. This paper further demonstrates that the application of PPPs is always characterised by three factors, namely a country, a sector and a project. Experts in the field often refer to these elements as layers, which usually precede any successful PPP.

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Behind the Data: Establishing the Network for Surveillance of Pneumococcal Disease in the East African Region

Clinical Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1086/596496 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 48 (s2) ◽

pp. S162-S171 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Ben Amos ◽

Annet Kisakye ◽

Douglas Makewa ◽

Sandra Mudhune ◽

Hadija Mwamtemi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pneumococcal Disease ◽

East African ◽

African Region ◽

East African Region

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The State of Publishing in East Africa

LOGOS ◽

10.1163/1878-4712-11112080 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 23-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kiarie Kamau

Keyword(s):

East Africa ◽

Publishing Industry ◽

Book Publishing ◽

Digital Publishing ◽

Practical Experience ◽

The State ◽

East African ◽

African Region ◽

African Countries ◽

East African Region

The main aim of this paper is to examine the state of publishing in East Africa. It also attempts to review the situation in Malawi and Zambia, where the author has had practical experience in publishing and marketing. The paper focuses on the growth of the publishing industry in the East African region and how this growth has impacted on access to textbooks and trade publications. It demonstrates that there has been significant growth in the industry, especially in Kenya and Uganda. However, this growth has largely been in the area of publishing of textbooks. Funding for the rollout of curricula in the East African countries has been a blessing to publishers because the funding includes allocations for textbook purchases for both primary and secondary schools. However, this kind of publishing has sounded something of a death knell for the publication of general books such as novels and biographies. The paper also demonstrates that indigenous book-publishing firms have gained a stronger foothold in East Africa in the last ten years and edged out the multinationals. It concludes by indicating that unless the publishing model changes, general publishing will continue to be relegated to the back-burner. At the same time, publishers are challenged to embrace digital publishing, since that is where the future of publishing lies.

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Geochemical and petrographic characteristics of sediments along the transboundary (Kenya–Tanzania) Umba River as indicators of provenance and weathering

Open Geosciences ◽

10.1515/geo-2020-0275 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 1064-1083

Author(s):

Amon Kimeli ◽

Oliver Ocholla ◽

Judith Okello ◽

Nico Koedam ◽

Hildegard Westphal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

River Sediments ◽

East African ◽

African Region ◽

Chemical Index ◽

Chemical Index Of Alteration ◽

East African Region ◽

The Indian Ocean ◽

Cenozoic Sediments ◽

High Degree ◽

Mineralogical Compositions

Abstract The Umba River basin is one of the smaller-scale hydrological basins in the East African region. It traverses two countries, with its catchment in the Usambara mountains in Tanzania, while it drains its waters to the Indian Ocean in Vanga, Kenya. The chemical and mineralogical compositions of the riverbank and bottom sediments of the Umba River were analyzed and evaluated to describe their source characteristics and provenance. The dominant minerals include quartz, K-feldspars, plagioclase, hornblende, pyroxenes, muscovite, biotite, and likely presence of clays such as kaolinite. The chemical index of alteration of the sediments indicate a moderate to high degree of alteration. They reflect a dominant mafic to intermediate igneous provenance consistent with the geology of the Umba River catchment that is characterized by the outcrops of the granitic Precambrian basement and the quartz-dominated Paleozoic Karoo Supergroup, overlain by Mesozoic and Cenozoic sediments dominated by both mafic and felsic minerals. The similarity of the chemical and mineralogical compositions of the Umba River sediments from source to mouth further indicates a uniform source in the upper course of the river and only subordinate contributions from the lower course where it passes the Karoo and the younger sediments.

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Dispersal limitation of the mangrove Avicennia marina at its South African range limit in strong contrast to connectivity in its core East African region

Marine Ecology Progress Series ◽

10.3354/meps11581 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 545 ◽

pp. 123-134 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

DJR De Ryck ◽

N Koedam ◽

T Van der Stocken ◽

RM van der Ven ◽

J Adams ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South African ◽

Dispersal Limitation ◽

Avicennia Marina ◽

Range Limit ◽

East African ◽

African Region ◽

East African Region ◽

Strong Contrast

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Language usage in everyday life and in education: current attitudes towards English in Tanzania

English Today ◽

10.1017/s0266078417000268 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 12-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Susanne Mohr ◽

Dunlop Ochieng

Keyword(s):

Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽

National Level ◽

Linguistically Diverse ◽

National Language ◽

Medium Of Instruction ◽

East African ◽

African Region ◽

African Languages ◽

East African Region ◽

British Colonies

Tanzania is, like most countries in East Africa, extremely culturally and linguistically diverse. Language counts range from 125 (Lewis, Simons & Fennig, 2016) to 164 living languages mentioned by the ‘Languages of Tanzania project’ (2009). Given this extreme multilingualism, institutional languages had to be chosen on a national level after independence. Kiswahili is the proclaimed national language and lingua franca of the East African region, also spoken in Kenya, Uganda and the Democratic Republic of Congo, for instance, and is used as medium of instruction (MoI) in primary education. English, the former colonial language, is the de facto national working language and medium of instruction in secondary and higher education. However, English remains a minority language, spoken by approximately 5% of the population, most of whom are members of a higher social class (Tibategeza, 2010). This leads to English being an international rather than a second language as in other former British colonies (Schmied, 1990, 1991). Rubanza (2002: 45) goes so far as to argue that ‘the society Tanzanians work and live in does not demand the use of English’. That is why it has been claimed that English will never replace the African languages in Tanzania but remain an additional language in certain spheres (Schmied, 1991).

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