scholarly journals Study of root canal morphology of mandibular premolars in an indian population

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 814
Author(s):  
Suhag Patel ◽  
Sunita Garg ◽  
Sumit Sabharwal ◽  
Neetika Jain ◽  
Shadabul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Root Apex ◽  
Type I ◽  
Suction System ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
India Ink ◽  
Mandibular First Premolar ◽  
Root Canal Morphology ◽  
Type V

AIM: The purpose of this study was to describe the external and internal anatomy of the mandibular premolars. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 100 extracted human permanent mandibular first and second premolars teeth were collected. The length of the tooth from the cusp tip to root apex was measured with the help of Vernier calliper. In case of curved roots, ligature wire was adapted to the root and then straightened and measured. Each tooth was examined for the number of roots, curvature of root, presence of root canal invagination. India ink was injected into the pulp chamber through the access opening with a no.27 gauge needle mounted on a disposable syringe. The ink was then drawn through the root canal system by applying negative pressure to the apical end of tooth with the use of central suction system. RESULTS: The average (mean) length of mandibular first premolar was 22.25 mm. Average (mean) length of mandibular second premolar was 21.90 mm. Mandibular first premolar had a ribbon shaped root canal orifice in 35% of teeth. Mandibular second premolar had a ribbon shaped of root canal orifice in 44% teeth. Mesial invagination of the root was found in 18% of first and 8% second mandibular premolar teeth. 78% had a Type I canal pattern with Type II, Type IV, Type V, Type VI and Type VII canals being identified in 1%, 2%, 13%, 2% and 1% of the teeth respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Complex root canal anatomy frequently found with mandibular premolars among which more common with mandibular first premolars in Indian population.

scholarly journals Root canal morphology of South Asian Indian maxillary molar teeth

2015 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 133-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shishir Singh ◽  
Mansing Pawar
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Maxillary Molars ◽  
Root Canal Morphology ◽  
Type V ◽  
South Asian Indian

ABSTRACT Objective: The objective was to study the root canal morphology of South Asian Indian Maxillary molars using a tooth clearing technique. Materials and Methods: Hundred teeth each comprising of first, second, and third molars collected from different dental schools and clinics in India were subjected to standard dye penetration, decalcification and clearing procedure before being studied. Results: The first molar mesiobuccal roots exhibited 69% Type I, 24% Type II, 4% Type IV, 2% Type V, and 1% exhibited a Vertuccis Type VIII canal anatomy. In the group with three separate roots the second molar mesiobuccal roots in exhibited 80.6% Type I, 15.3% Type II, 2.7% Type IV, and 1.4% Type V canal anatomy while the third molars mesiobuccal roots exhibited 57.4% Type I, 32% Type II, 2.1% Type III, 8.5% Type IV, 1% had a Type V canal anatomy in the similar group. Conclusion: A varied root canal anatomy was seen in the mesiobuccal root canal of the maxillary molars.

scholarly journals Root canal anatomy of mandibular first premolars in an Emirati subpopulation: A laboratory study

2015 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 476-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheela Balu Abraham ◽  
Vellore Kannan Gopinath
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Root Canal Anatomy ◽  
Mandibular First Premolar ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Type V ◽  
Oval Shape ◽  
Tooth Length

ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the root canal anatomy of mandibular first premolar teeth in an Emirati subpopulation using a decalcification and clearing method. Materials and Methods: One hundred permanent mandibular first premolar teeth extracted for orthodontic purposes from an Emirati subpopulation from the United Arab Emirates were used for this study. They were subjected to decalcification and clearing. The tooth length, the canal orifice shape, mesial invagination, canal pattern, the location of apex, presence of lateral canals, and intercanal communications were determined. Results: The most common canal pattern was the Vertucci Type I (65%) followed by Type V (14%) and Type IV (13%). The most common type of canal orifice seen was the oval shape (36%) followed by the round shape (25%). Mesial invaginations were seen in 44% of the teeth. The mean tooth length was 19.9 mm, and apical deltas were seen in 24% of teeth. Conclusion: The Vertucci Type I canal pattern was the most prevalent in the mandibular first premolars while the occurrence of multiple canals was noted in 35% of this population.

scholarly journals Root Canal Morphology of Mandibular First Permanent Molars in an Indian Population

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemant Ramesh Chourasia ◽  
Ganesh K. Meshram ◽  
Manjusha Warhadpande ◽  
Darshan Dakshindas
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Type I ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Permanent Molars ◽  
Root Canal Morphology ◽  
First Permanent Molars ◽  
Canal Morphology

Anin vitrostudy was performed to determine the number of roots, root canals per tooth, root canal configurations, and frequency of isthmi and apical deltas in mandibular first permanent molars in an Indian population. Hundred and fifty mandibular first permanent molars were collected and subjected to clearing technique. The cleared teeth were examined in a stereomicroscope under 7.5x magnifications. The canal configurations were categorized using Vertucci's classification. Overall 94.6% of the mandibular first molars had two roots, and 5.3% had extradistal roots (distolingual root). In addition, 64% of the specimens had three root canals, and 36% had four root canals. The most common canal configurations of mesial and distal roots were Vertucci type IV (54%) and type I (65.3%), respectively. Clinician should be aware of the complex root canal morphology of mandibular first molars among the Indian population before and during the root canal treatment.

scholarly journals Root Canal Morphology of Mandibular First Premolars of Bangladeshi Population

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Aminul Islam ◽  
Tasnim Wakia ◽  
Md Shamsul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Single Root ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Clearing Technique ◽  
Mandibular First Premolar ◽  
Root Canal Morphology ◽  
Bangladeshi Population ◽  
Canal Morphology

Background: The presence of a single root canal in mandibular first premolar cannot be assumed always. The variability in canal morpholohy of root canal includes the number & shape of the canal as well as pathways of the canals. Methods: In this study, 100 mandibular first premolar teeth were evaluated by clearing technique. Collected teeth were cleaned and merged with 5.25% NaOCl for 48 hours. Then the teeth were decalcified with 5% nitric acid for 72 hours followed by dehydrated sequentially with 80-100% alcohol. After dehydration, Indian Ink was injected into the canal through the previously prepared access cavity. Finally the teeth were made transperent by 98% methylsalicylate and examined. Results: Out of 100 mandibular first premolar teeth, 89 were single rooted, 10 with double rooted and only 1 was triple. On evaluation of canal configuration according to Weine classification, mandibular first premolars had 64% type I, 5% type II, 22% type III and 9% type IV. Apical delta was found incase of 8% mandibular first premolar tooth. Conclusion: Based on this study, mandibular first premolar teeth of Bangladeshi population have multiple roots and canals and variable canal configurations. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/updcj.v2i2.15481 Update Dent. Coll. j: 2012; 2 (2): 03-07

scholarly journals Variations in root canal morphology of the permanent mandibular first molar in Indian population- A CBCT study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Vasavi Santosh ◽  
Rhea Reji John ◽  
Mandavi Waghmare ◽  
Reema Manoj
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Type I ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Root Canal Morphology ◽  
Mandibular First Molar ◽  
Canal Morphology

The purpose of this study was to determine the variations in the number of canals and its morphology in permanent mandibular first molars using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in a subset of Indian population. A total of 350 CBCT scans were collected and evaluated in all three orthogonal planes to determine the number of root canals and study their anatomic variations using Vertucci’s classification.: The total number of roots and root canals, the root canal configuration, the incidence, and the correlations between left- and right-side occurrences and between males and females were analysed. Statistically significant differences were evaluated using the chi-square test with SPSS 16.0 for Windows (SPSS, Chicago, IL), with significance set at p < 0.05.: The results of this study showed that predominantly, two thirds of the subjects had type VI mesial canal configuration and two-thirds had type I distal canal configuration. Also there was significant variance in the canal anatomy across gender and age of the subjects.: CBCT is a clinically useful tool in understanding the variations in root canal morphology, which guides in the assessment of the canal morphology aiding in successful root canal treatment.

scholarly journals Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic Evaluation of Root Canal Morphology of Maxillary Premolars in a Saudi Population

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Alqedairi ◽  
Hussam Alfawaz ◽  
Yousef Al-Dahman ◽  
Faisal Alnassar ◽  
Asma Al-Jebaly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Type I ◽  
Saudi Population ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Maxillary Premolars ◽  
Root Canal Morphology ◽  
Canal Morphology ◽  
Chi Square Tests

Objective. The aim of the study was to investigate the root canal morphology of maxillary first and second premolars in a Saudi population using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT).Methods. This retrospective cross-sectional study assessed CBCT images of 707 Saudi patients. The number of roots and canal configuration were identified based on Vertucci’s classification. Fisher’s exact Chi-square tests were performed to analyze the association between sex and number of roots and sex and root canal configuration.Results. Most teeth had two roots in maxillary first premolars (75.1%) and one root in maxillary second premolars (85.2%). Type IV was the most prevalent canal configuration in maxillary first premolars (69.1%), while Type I was the most in maxillary second premolars (49.4%). All types of canal configurations were observed in maxillary premolars except Type VII for the maxillary second premolar. Chi-square tests showed no significant association between gender and number of roots and sex and root canal configuration in both maxillary first and second premolars although higher number of roots was seen in men (P > 0.05).Conclusion. Most maxillary first premolars had two roots with Type IV being the most predominant canal configuration, while a single root with Type I canal configuration was the most frequently observed morphology in maxillary second premolars. In maxillary first premolars, 21.3% had one canal apically, 75.4% had two canals apically, and 3.3% had three canals apically. In maxillary second premolars, 80.2% had one canal apically, 18.9% had two canals apically, and 0.9% had three canals apically.

scholarly journals Civinini bar: incidence in North Indians and its clinical relevance

2013 ◽  
Vol 02 (03) ◽  
pp. 128-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar Verma ◽  
Archana Rani ◽  
Anita Rani ◽  
Jyoti Chopra ◽  
Arvind Kumar Pankaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Population ◽  
Mandibular Nerve ◽  
Type I ◽  
North Indian Population ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
Total Incidence ◽  
Pterygospinous Ligament ◽  
Pterygoid Plate ◽  
Type V

Abstract Background and aim: Ossified pterygospinous ligament is a major cause of the entrapment of the lingual nerve or a branch of the mandibular nerve and may cause mandibular neuralgia. It can also constitute an obstacle for the mandibular nerve block which is a preferred method for pain relief especially for the fractures of mandible or cancer patients. Systematic study of these bars in North Indian population is lacking. Therefore this study was carried out to see the incidence of ossified pterygospinous bars in North Indian population. Materials and methods : The present study was an attempt to find out the occurrence of ossified pterygospinous ligament (Civinini's bar) in 116 dried skulls of unknown sex were taken and the presence of ossified pterygospinous bar was noted. Results : It was observed that the ossified pterygospinous bars which is present between pterygospinous process of lateral pterygoid plate and spine of sphenoid also called as Civinini's bar can be divided into five types (Types I, II, III, IV, V). This bar encloses a foramen called as Civinini's foramen. A total incidence of 18.10% of various types of pterygospinous bars was observed, out of which 1.72% were Type I, 8.62%Type II, 3.45%Type III, 0% Type IV and 4.31 % were of Type V variety. Conclusion : Total prevalence of Civinini bar is 18.10% in North Indian population.The clinicians working on this area should be aware of this variation as its prevalence is quite high.

scholarly journals Variations in the Root Form and Root Canal Morphology of Permanent Mandibular First Molars in a Sri Lankan Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshan Peiris ◽  
Uthpala Malwatte ◽  
Janak Abayakoon ◽  
Anuradha Wettasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Type I ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Canal System ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Root Canal Morphology ◽  
Root Canal System ◽  
Canal Morphology

The present study was conducted to determine the number of roots and morphology of the root canal system of permanent mandibular first molars (M1) in a Sri Lankan population. Sample of 529 M1 teeth was used. The number of roots was examined and the lengths of the mesial and distal roots were measured to the nearest 0.01 mm. Vacuum injection protocol was used to inject China ink into the root canal system, making it transparent. Root canal morphology was recorded using Vertucci’s classification. Presence of furcation canals, position of lateral canals, intercanal communications, level of bifurcation, and convergence of the root canal system were recorded. M1 showed three roots in 4.1% of the sample. Commonest root canal morphology of the mesial root was type IV and the distal root was type I. The level of bifurcation of the root canals was commonly observed in the cervical one-third of the root while convergence was observed in the apical one-third in both roots. Prevalence of three rooted mandibular first molars is less than 5%. Mesial root showed the most variable canal morphology. Prevalence of furcation canals was 1.5% while that of middle mesial canals was 0.2%.

scholarly journals Root Canal Morphology of Mandibular Premolars in North Indian Population Using Tooth Clearing Technique – An In Vitro Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 140-147
Author(s):  
Gurkirat Grewal ◽  
Ajay Chhabra ◽  
Varun Jindal ◽  
Simran Bindra ◽  
Vandana Chhabra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Canal ◽  
North India ◽  
Type I ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
India Ink ◽  
Clearing Technique ◽  
Root Canal Morphology ◽  
Canal Morphology

Abstract Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the root canal morphology of mandibular premolars in Northern region of India using adecalcification and clearing technique. Method: Three hundred extracted human mandibular premolars, collected from dental clinics within North India were selected for this study. Following pulp tissue removal, India ink was injected into the root canals and the teeth were decalcified with 5% nitric acid, dehydrated with ascending concentrations of alcohol and rendered clear by immersion in methyl salicylate. Cleared teeth were examined under 5X magnification and the following features were evaluated: (i) number and type of root canals; (ii) presence and location of lateral canals and; (iii) location of apical foramina. Results: 84.2% of the specimens exhibited Type I canal pattern. Type VIII was not observed in any of the specimens. The lateral canals were in the apical third in 78.7% of the specimens followed by middle third in 16.5% and the cervical third in 4.7%. 82.7%of the specimens showed lateral position of the apical foramen. Conclusion: Mandibular premolar teeth present a wide variety of radicular features, with one root and one canal being found in majority of the cases. An accurate knowlegde of the morphology of the root canal is essential for proper diagnosis and successful treatment of endodontic cases.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Root Canal Morphology of Mandibular First and Second Premolars Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography in a Defined Group of Dental Patients in Iran

Scientifica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neda Hajihassani ◽  
Neda Roohi ◽  
Karim Madadi ◽  
Mahin Bakhshi ◽  
Maryam Tofangchiha
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Dental Patients ◽  
Root Canal Morphology ◽  
Type V ◽  
Canal Morphology

Background. Successful dental root canal treatments require a complete knowledge of dental anatomy and root canal morphology. Materials and Methods. One hundred and forty-five cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were used to assess the anatomy and morphology of mandibular premolars based on Vertucci’s classifications in a defined group of dental patients in Iran. The number of roots and root canals, root canal morphology, root and canal shape (curvature), existence of C-shaped canal, and influence of sex on each of these were evaluated. A chi-squared test was used for statistical analysis. Results. The mandibular first and second premolars had a single root in 95.97% and 100% cases, respectively. In the mandibular first premolars, 62.2% were of type I, 0.8% type II, 10.9% type III, 0.8% type IV, 20.3% type V, 4.2% type VI, and 0.8% type VII; in the second premolars, 78% of canals were of type I, 3% type II, 11% type III, 7% type V, and 1% type VI. C-shaped canals did not exist in either of the premolars. The most prevalent root and canal shape was straight. The most prevalent root curvature was a distal curvature in both premolars (71.4% and 74% of first and second premolars, resp.). The most prevalent canal curvature was lingual and buccal for the first premolars (7.6% each) and distal for the second premolars (11%). No significant difference was found between men and women in nearly all of the above (P>0.05). Conclusion. The results suggest that there is a need to conduct further evaluations on finding root and canal variations among more populations to gain better knowledge prior to root canal treatment.

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