scholarly journals Motivation Strategies and Exiting Class by Students in Inquiry-Oriented Biology Labs

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-139
Author(s):  
John M. Basey ◽  
Clinton D. Francis ◽  
Maxwell B. Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Teaching Assistants ◽  
Exit Time ◽  
Student Population ◽  
Exit Times ◽  
Science Labs ◽  
Motivation Strategies

Experimental inquiry-oriented science labs can be designed to have students regulate their own learning and decide when they leave class or to have the teacher regulate student learning and determine when they leave class. In this study, grades were examined relative to student exit times in a student-regulated class design. Preliminary interviews revealed four motivation strategies likely to differentially influence exit times and grades: proficiency, grade-target-A, grade-target-C, and time-limited. Students were categorized into the four groups of motivation strategies with a survey. Twenty teaching assistants teaching three lab sections each taught the stand-alone lab class. Students recorded the time they left class each week. Grades were determined as the overall percentage of points a student received in class. Results of the survey showed that the four motivation strategies were well represented in the student population, and two additional strategies were also frequently seen: a hybrid-1 between proficiency and grade-target-A, and a hybrid-2 between time-limited and grade-target-C. Grades were significantly higher for grade-target-A and hybrid-1 students, followed by time-limited, proficiency, grade-target-C, and hybrid 2. Time spent in class was not significantly different among categories. Students who chose to stay in class longer had significantly higher grades. If a grade is the goal, these results support the idea of a teacher-controlled exit time for the students in these inquiry-oriented labs. Implications are discussed.

The Relaxation time for truncated birth-death processes

1987 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Keilson ◽  
Ravi Ramaswamy
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Exit Time ◽  
Relaxation Times ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Death Process ◽  
Exit Times ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Absorbing States ◽  
Birth Death

The relaxation time for an ergodic Markov process is a measure of the time until ergodicity is reached from its initial state. In this paper the relaxation time for an ergodic truncated birth-death process is studied. It is shown that the relaxation time for such a process on states {0,1, …, N} is the quasi-stationary exit time from the set {,2, …, N{0,1,…, N, N + 1} with two-sided absorption at states 0 and N + 1. The existence of such a dual process has been observed by Siegmund [15] for stochastically monotone Markov processes on the real line. Exit times for birth- death processes with two absorbing states are studied and an efficient algorithm for the numerical evaluation of mean exit times is presented. Simple analytical lower bounds for the relaxation times are obtained. These bounds are numerically accessible. Finally, the sensitivity of the relaxation time to variations in birth and death rates is studied.

Involving international postgraduate students in university initiatives – a qualitative investigation into ‘UCL ChangeMakers’

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Vikhanova ◽  
Vanessa Wedi
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Student Population ◽  
Qualitative Investigation ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
University College ◽  
University College London ◽  
Enhance Student Learning ◽  
Collaborative Initiative

UCL ChangeMakers is the collaborative initiative launched in 2014 to enhance student learning experience in University College London (UCL), UK. Its aim is to enable students and staff to work together to make changes in the UCL community. In 2016/17, the UCL ChangeMakers initiative struggled to recruit projects from the postgraduate (PG) student population; however, postgrads are believed to have brought exceptionally valuable ideas into the initiative. The current study aimed to investigate the general image of the UCL ChangeMakers initiative among the UCL PG population and identify potential areas of improvement for attracting more PG students into the scheme. Two focus groups were conducted with current international PGs participating in the UCL ChangeMakers programme and international PGs from the general UCL population. The results included a discussion on current UCL PG ChangeMakers’ experiences, the image of the initiative among the general PG UCL population and suggestions for promotion of and improvements to the initiative. Furthermore, recommendations for postgraduate involvement in university initiatives were made.

Sojourn times, exit times and jitter in multivariate Markov processes

1974 ◽  
Vol 6 (04) ◽  
pp. 747-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Keilson
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Time ◽  
Exit Time ◽  
Survival Function ◽  
Transient Behavior ◽  
Reliability Theory ◽  
Exit Times ◽  
Sojourn Times ◽  
Ergodic Distribution ◽  
Stationary Markov Process ◽  
Good Set

To treat the transient behavior of a system modeled by a stationary Markov process in continuous time, the state space is partitioned into good and bad states. The distribution of sojourn times on the good set and that of exit times from this set have a simple renewal theoretic relationship. The latter permits useful bounds on the exit time survival function obtainable from the ergodic distribution of the process. Applications to reliability theory and communication nets are given.

CPD: How teaching assistants can support student learning

SecEd ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (29) ◽  
pp. 14-14
Author(s):  
Steve Burnage
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Teaching Assistants

Sojourn times, exit times and jitter in multivariate Markov processes

1974 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 747-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Keilson
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Time ◽  
Exit Time ◽  
Survival Function ◽  
Transient Behavior ◽  
Reliability Theory ◽  
Exit Times ◽  
Sojourn Times ◽  
Ergodic Distribution ◽  
Stationary Markov Process ◽  
Good Set

To treat the transient behavior of a system modeled by a stationary Markov process in continuous time, the state space is partitioned into good and bad states. The distribution of sojourn times on the good set and that of exit times from this set have a simple renewal theoretic relationship. The latter permits useful bounds on the exit time survival function obtainable from the ergodic distribution of the process. Applications to reliability theory and communication nets are given.

scholarly journals Teacher immediacy and student learning: An examination of lecture/laboratory and self-contained course sections

2014 ◽  
pp. 29-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke LeFebvre ◽  
Mike Allen
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Teaching Assistants ◽  
Cognitive Learning ◽  
Student Interaction ◽  
Teacher Immediacy ◽  
Student Effort ◽  
Immediacy Behaviors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Instruction Quality ◽  
Behavior Frequency

This study examined teaching assistant’s immediacy in lecture/laboratory and self-contained classes.  Two hundred fifty-six students responded to instruments measuring teachers’ immediacy behavior frequency, perceptions of instruction quality, and cognitive learning.  No significant difference was identified when comparing lecture/laboratory and self-contained teaching assistants’ immediacy behaviors.  But all students who observed frequent immediate behaviors demonstrated higher affective and cognitive learning.  Teaching assistants’ ratings had significantly higher levels of faculty-student interaction for self-contained sections but lecture/laboratory sections were significantly higher for student effort/involvement. 

scholarly journals Exact simulation of first exit times for one-dimensional diffusion processes

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 811-844
Author(s):  
Samuel Herrmann ◽  
Cristina Zucca
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Processes ◽  
Exit Time ◽  
Convergent Series ◽  
Mathematical Finance ◽  
Exit Times ◽  
Rejection Sampling ◽  
Girsanov Transformation ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Usual Procedure ◽  
First Exit Times

The simulation of exit times for diffusion processes is a challenging task since it concerns many applications in different fields like mathematical finance, neuroscience, reliability… The usual procedure is to use discretization schemes which unfortunately introduce some error in the target distribution. Our aim is to present a new algorithm which simulates exactly the exit time for one-dimensional diffusions. This acceptance-rejection algorithm requires to simulate exactly the exit time of the Brownian motion on one side and the Brownian position at a given time, constrained not to have exit before, on the other side. Crucial tools in this study are the Girsanov transformation, the convergent series method for the simulation of random variables and the classical rejection sampling. The efficiency of the method is described through theoretical results and numerical examples.

scholarly journals Too cool for school?: The effects of gamification in an advanced interdisciplinary course

2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Cruz ◽  
John Penley
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Student Population ◽  
Considerable Potential ◽  
Current Student ◽  
Interdisciplinary Course

Gamification is a subject of a great deal of conversations and advocates believe that the familiarity of gaming to the current student population gives it considerable potential to transform teaching and learning. The research literature presents a more ambiguous view and it remains to be seen whether or not gamifying instruction can significantly strengthen student learning outcomes. This question forms the basis of the current study, which focuses on an extensive gamification exercise applied in an upper-division interdisciplinary course. To phrase it colloquially, this research asks whether or not gamification is too cool for school.

scholarly journals Tails of exit times from unstable equilibria on the line

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 477-496
Author(s):  
Yuri Bakhtin ◽  
Zsolt Pajor-Gyulai
Keyword(s):  
Vector Field ◽  
Malliavin Calculus ◽  
Elementary Proof ◽  
Exit Time ◽  
Exit Times ◽  
Smooth Vector ◽  
Small Noise ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Smooth Vector Field ◽  
Exit Distribution

AbstractFor a one-dimensional smooth vector field in a neighborhood of an unstable equilibrium, we consider the associated dynamics perturbed by small noise. We give a revealing elementary proof of a result proved earlier using heavy machinery from Malliavin calculus. In particular, we obtain precise vanishing noise asymptotics for the tail of the exit time and for the exit distribution conditioned on atypically long exits. We also discuss our program on rare transitions in noisy heteroclinic networks.

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