Adverse Childhood Experiences

Childhood trauma is as American as apple pie. The statistics are sobering. In 2018, more than 673,000 children were victims of abuse or neglect. This chapter will explore adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in detail, relating how these past experiences could affect current student behavior. A case study will be used to illustrate the issues that teachers face in their classrooms. Research shows that trauma affects the brain and subsequently how people act and/or react. Emotional regulation, behavioral control, and cognitive processes that are affected by trauma will be explored. Further, this chapter will raise the issues of racial disproportionality in identification and labeling of behavioral disorders and recommendations for special education among students who may have been exposed to trauma. Lastly, recommendations for best practice will be outlined to support educators in the field.

Research on Learning State Based on Students’ Attitude and Emotion in Class Learning

In basic education, timely and accurate grasp of students’ classroom learning status can provide real-time information reference and overall evaluation for teachers and managers, which has a very important educational application value. At present, a lot of information technology is applied in the analysis of classroom student behavior state, and the state analysis technology based on a classroom video has the characteristics of strong timeliness, wide dimension, and large capacity, which is especially suitable for the analysis and acquisition of students’ classroom state, and attracts the attention of major educational technology companies. However, the current student state acquisition technology based on video analysis lacks large scenes and has low practicability, and finally, the video-based student classroom behavior state analysis technology mainly focuses on a single behavior feature, which cannot fully reflect the student’s classroom behavior state. In view of the above problems, this study introduces the face recognition algorithm based on a student classroom video and its implementation process, improves the hybrid face detection model based on a traditional model, and proposes the neural network algorithm of student expression recognition based on a visual transformer. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm based on students' classroom videos can effectively detect students’ attention and emotional state in class.

The Role of Education in Sustainable Dietary Patterns in Slovenia

The most sustainable dietary patterns involve the consumption of plant-based (vegan) foods, excluding or reducing animal products, including meat, fish, and dairy, yet there is a lack of research on determinants of sustainable dietary patterns in central European countries. The present article aimed to examine the prevalence of sustainable dietary practices and attitudes among the Slovenian public and to investigate the role of education in fostering sustainable dietary patterns. We analyzed a representative national sample of Slovenians, with data gathered in 2019 (ISSP/Slovenian Public Opinion; N = 1079; 51.2% females). The results indicate that most Slovenians do not have sustainable dietary practices or attitudes with regard to health, the environment, animals, and dietary minorities. One in four Slovenians consume meat at least once per day and one in two consume meat three to six times per week. In addition, 78.2% of Slovenians consume milk at least three times per week; more than half consume milk daily or more often. Fish consumption is the least frequent among the three food groups. At least two-thirds of Slovenians also hold attitudes that are low in sustainability. Results also show that, after controlling for confounding variables, higher educational level emerged as an independent predictor of lower meat consumption, but not of lower fish or milk consumption. Furthermore, those in the lowest educational group are significantly less likely to hold sustainable attitudes than those in the higher educational group. Finally, current student status only decreases meat consumption. Since our results show an educational gradient in meat consumption and attitudes, public health and environmental campaigns should focus on the less-educated groups, encouraging them to reduce meat intake and fostering more sustainable attitudes.

Use of Social Media in Teaching High School Students: A Case of United Arab Emirates

The use of social media platforms by the education sector has grown significantly in the past decade. The advancement in information and technology has prompted the integration of social media use in education. Social media use has revolutionized the learning processes from what was traditionally teacher-centered to the current student-centered approach. People between 16 and 24 years of age are considered among the active users of social media; hence, by incorporating an important part of their lives in school activities, learning may become more amusing and improve performance. Despite the United Arab Emirates being considered the technological hub of the Middle East, it has made minimal steps toward integrating social media in the learning system for high school students. This article explores the type of social media used by students and teachers in the Emirati high school system and examines the favorable social media tools used in learning in high schools by teachers and students and responds to questions like the purposes of using social media in learning and does social media use in learning affect student and teacher satisfaction and attitude? Further, it asks what the impacts of using social media on learning are. Finally, it discusses the challenges students and teachers come across when using social media for learning.

THE STYLE OF THINKING ACTIVITY OF MODERN YOUTH AS A SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL PROBLEM

The statistic is based on the state of the art of scientific advancement in the style of misinformation of the modern student youth. The style of the target is to be seen as a system of intellectual strategies, priyom, a quick reference to the operation of a specialty, how to be victorious with it in a target performance. To respect the links to the style of the targeting from the cognitive style as the way of receiving and processing information. It is to be determined that the effectiveness of the educational performance of students is significant because of the fact that the methodology of victoriousness will be the same because of the dominant style characteristics of their thinking acyivity. Respect for class is characteristic of the specialty of the style of thinking of the current student youth. It is emphasized that the tendency to reproduce heterogeneous objects, without coherent elements between them, which are characterized by illogicality, heterogeneity and high speed of switching between pieces of information, leads to difficulties in forming the desired quality of students' thinking – criticality as the ability to assess reliability, accuracy or values of something, the ability to search for and find causes and alternative points of view, to perceive the situation as a whole or to change one's position on the basis of facts and arguments. It is noted that in order to optimize the educational process in university it is necessary to select such teaching methods that would ensure the effectiveness of the thinking process of students.

ASCO-Sponsored Oncology Student Interest Groups in the World

PURPOSE In 2015, ASCO established a program designed to support medical interest in cancer-related careers: Oncology Student Interest Groups (OSIGs). The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics of current student leaders of ASCO-sponsored OSIGs and their perceptions of cancer-related careers. METHODS We reviewed the list of all ASCO-sponsored OSIGs between 2015 and 2021. For this study, we focused on OSIGs that were sponsored during the 2019-2020 academic year. All student leaders of the 89 OSIGs active in that academic year were invited to participate. RESULTS The number of groups has more than tripled in the 6 years since the program's inception. The number of international groups has increased to become almost one fifth of all OSIGs; however, the range of countries represented remains limited. The majority of OSIG leaders were female. Eighty two percent of OSIGs were returning members, with most of their leaders being registered ASCO student members. Almost all participants reported an interest in pursuing a cancer-related specialty. Only a minority (14.8%) reported having a family member working in a cancer-related career. However, 85% reported having experience with a cancer diagnosis in their family. The majority of the respondents had a favorable perception of medical oncology as a specialty. Participants reported the highest levels of interest in medical oncology and pediatric oncology. CONCLUSION The number of ASCO-sponsored OSIGs has steadily increased since the creation of the program. Most participants reported an interest in pursuing a cancer-related career. To our knowledge, this study is the first to provide insights into the makeup of this program around the world. Additional efforts are needed to increase the global reach of the program, particularly in low-income countries.

Evaluation of Viewpoints of final-year Students of Qazvin Dental School on Clinical Skills Based on Educational Program in 2015

Introduction: Self-assessment is one of the methods of benchmarking dental graduates of the acquired skills and identify the strengths and weaknesses of the current student and educational system. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the viewpoints of final-year students of Qazvin Dental School regarding their acquired clinical skills based on the educational program. Methods: The type of study was descriptive cross-sectional. In this study, the clinical skill level of dental students was evaluated using a 45-item questionnaire (from the skills of 9 clinical departments). Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16 using t-test. Results: 24 students (10 males and 14 females) were included in the study. In general, the mean of students (out of 5 scores) was 3.41±0.30 which was in good level. There was a significant difference between the students' ability in different departments (P = 0.000). The highest ability was in endodontics (4.00) and the lowest in oral disease and diagnosis (2.98). There was no significant difference in total abilities between men and women, but the ability of women in the endodontics ward was higher than men (P = 0.002). Conclusion: The level of ability of the students from their point of view in this study was good. There was also a difference in the skills of girls and boys in educational settings. The results of this study can be used for evaluation of strengths and weaknesses and planning for promoting education in Qazvin Dental School.

What Do Freshmen Know about Sustainability? Analysing the Skill Gap among University Business Administration Students

This study aims at creating and validating an instrument to assess the level of mastery in sustainability competencies of freshmen students in business-related studies. To reach this goal, a questionnaire that captures the level of acquisition of the competencies in sustainability is provided. A three-step process has been followed to analyse the results gathered among first-year students in two Spanish universities. First, eight confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to verify the grouping of the dimensions included in the questionnaire, resulting in 10 competency units in sustainability (CU). Next, we averaged the values of the items included in each CU to facilitate interpretation and then calculated the skill gap; that is, the difference between the level that CU students are expected to achieve on graduation compared to the current level. Third, a series of ANOVA tests were run to investigate potential differences in the level of acquisition due to gender, prior training and educational background, which according to the literature might influence current student knowledge of sustainability. Our results reveal that freshmen enter university with a heterogeneous level of development, both in terms of breadth (different CUs) and depth (the extent to which each CU is developed). The original value of this work stems from the creation of an instrument which is expected to be applicable in a variety of contexts. Additionally, the information it provides assists us in the identification of the CUs that should be further emphasized at university level, and therefore helps professors to prioritise those teaching strategies targeted at overcoming this deficit.

Implicit Learning of Motor Behavior Through Observation in Middle-School Students

There is a disagreement in the neuropsychological literature regarding the nature of observational learning, strictly without a motor component. While some studies claim explicit influences are needed in order for learning to occur, others argue that they are not. The current student aims at understanding this gap, in particular emphasizing the observation aspect, since there is a limited number of research on this component. An experiment was conducted to measure both the short- and long-term of this effect using a neutral parameter procedure among two groups and a control. It was found that there was a significant effect of implicit learning. These findings are analyzed in a behavioral aspect and taken into consideration for limitations, implications and future research.

PROFITABILITY OF A FIRM AND ITS DETERMINANTS - EVIDENCE FROM INDIAN NBFC SECTOR

Over the past few years, the NBFC sector in India has witnessed a noteworthy transformation by catering to employment generation, infrastructure development, wealth creation and financial upliftment of the weaker sections. With the growing credit of NBFCs, their profitability becomes an important aspect for their existence. Hence, the current student is aimed at identifying the determinants of profitability of Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) in India. The data pertaining to top 10 NBFCs listed on BSE for a period of five years from FY2015-16 to FY2019-20 was considered as sample for the study. Two different regression models were used for the data analysis where ROA and ROE were used as dependent variables. Capital adequacy, asset quality, operating profitability and net interest margin were used as independent variables in both the models. It was found that capital adequacy and operating profitability has significant impact on ROA. Whereas the factors significantly impacting ROE were capital adequacy, operating profitability and net interest margin.