Power Spectral Analysis upon Disfluent Utterance in Adults Who Stutter; a qEEG-based Investigation

Purpose: The present study which addressed adults who stutter (AWS), has been an attempt to investigate power spectral dynamics in stuttering state through answering the written questions using quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG).Materials and Methods: A 64-channel EEG setup was used for data acquisition in 9 AWS. Since speech, and especially stuttering, causes significant noise in the EEG, the three conditions of speech preparation (SP), imagined speech (IS), and simulated speech (SS) in a 7-band format were chosen to source localize the signals using the standard low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA) tool in fluent and disfluent states. Results: Having extracted enough fluent and disfluent utterances, significant differences were noted. Consistent with previous studies, the lack of beta suppression in SP, especially in beta2 and beta3 and somewhat in gamma band, was localized in supplementary motor area (SMA) and pre motor area in disfluent state. Delta band frequency was the best marker of stuttering shared in all 3 experimental conditions. Decreased delta power in SMA of both hemispheres and right premotor area through SP, in fronto-central and right angular gyrus through IS, and in SMA of both hemispheres through SS were a notable qEEG features of disfluent speech. Conclusion: The dynamics of beta and delta frequency bands may potentially explain the neural networks involved in stuttering. Based on the above, neurorehabilitation may better be formulated in the treatment of speech disfluency, namely stuttering.

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Quantitative EEG Effects of Topiramate

Clinical Electroencephalography ◽

10.1177/155005940303400208 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 34 (2) ◽

pp. 87-92 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

W. W. Wang ◽

J. C. Li ◽

X. Wu

Keyword(s):

Slow Wave ◽

Background Activity ◽

Power Spectral Analysis ◽

Quantitative Eeg ◽

Healthy Adults ◽

Total Power ◽

Theta Band ◽

Eeg Activity ◽

Delta Band ◽

Power Spectral

Objective: The study is to invesigate the effect of topiramate (TPM) on EEG by means of quantitative pharmacoelectroencephalography (QPEEG). Methods: One dose of TPM was administrated to epileptics and healthy adults. The EEG samples were obtained prior to and at regular intervals within the 24 hours following the administration of TPM. The EEG activity was processed with power spectral analysis. Results: The power of slow wave, alpha 1 bands and total power increased after the administration of TPM, the power or slow wave in both occipital areas, and the total power of all scalp areas also increased. The percent of power increased at the theta band and alpha 1 band (healthy adults) or delta band, theta band (patients). Conclusion: TPM can change the EEG background activity. These changes are different from other antiepileptic drugs.

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EEG Power Spectral Analysis of Abnormal Cortical Activations During REM/NREM Sleep in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Frontiers in Neurology ◽

10.3389/fneur.2021.643855 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Shuling Liu ◽

Jiucheng Shen ◽

Yezhou Li ◽

Jing Wang ◽

Jianhua Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽

Spectral Analysis ◽

Power Spectral Analysis ◽

Nrem Sleep ◽

The Other ◽

Frequency Bands ◽

Delta Band ◽

Power Spectral ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Eeg Power

Objective: To characterize electroencephalogram (EEG) power in different frequency bands during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).Methods: Retrospective data on 151 patients were collected and divided into three groups: primary snoring group (AHI < 5/h), mild-moderate OSA group (6 ≤ AHI < 30/h), and severe OSA group (AHI ≥ 30/h). EEG recordings in the frontal, central, and occipital regions were extracted from both REM and NREM sleep, to compute the normalized spectral power densities in the delta, theta, alpha, sigma, beta, and gamma frequency bands, using Fast Fourier Transform. Correlations between the computed EEG power and PSG parameters were analyzed.Results: In NREM sleep, elevated normalized power spectral density (PSD) in the delta band was observed in the severe OSA group compared to the other two groups. In contrast, the PSD of the other frequency bands showed a corresponding decrease in the severe OSA group. In REM sleep, similar changes were observed in the frontal region. Delta band PSD was positively correlated with Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI) (r = 0.33), longest time of apnea, oxygen desaturation index (ODI) (r = 0.34), percent sleep time below 90% SaO2 (T90%) (r = 0.30), Arousal Index (ArI) (r = 0.29), and negatively correlated with N3%, minimum oxygen saturation (minSaO2).Conclusion: Our findings provide neurophysiological evidence for pathological cortical activation during REM/NREM sleep, which may be associated with the arousals and cognitive impairments in OSA. The technique of power spectral analysis could prove a potentially useful tool in complementing traditional PSG parameters in assessing disease burden to guide therapeutic decisions.

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Touching to Feel: Brain Activity During In-Store Consumer Experience

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.653011 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Michela Balconi ◽

Irene Venturella ◽

Roberta Sebastiani ◽

Laura Angioletti

Keyword(s):

Brain Activity ◽

Power Spectral Analysis ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Consumer Experience ◽

Beta Band ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Cortical Oscillations ◽

Brain Responses ◽

Power Spectral ◽

High Level

To gain a deeper understanding of consumers' brain responses during a real-time in-store exploration could help retailers to get much closer to costumers' experience. To our knowledge, this is the first time the specific role of touch has been investigated by means of a neuroscientific approach during consumer in-store experience within the field of sensory marketing. This study explores the presence of distinct cortical brain oscillations in consumers' brain while navigating a store that provides a high level of sensory arousal and being allowed or not to touch products. A 16-channel wireless electroencephalogram (EEG) was applied to 23 healthy participants (mean age = 24.57 years, SD = 3.54), with interest in cosmetics but naive about the store explored. Subjects were assigned to two experimental conditions based on the chance of touching or not touching the products. Cortical oscillations were explored by means of power spectral analysis of the following frequency bands: delta, theta, alpha, and beta. Results highlighted the presence of delta, theta, and beta bands within the frontal brain regions during both sensory conditions. The absence of touch was experienced as a lack of perception that needs cognitive control, as reflected by Delta and Theta band left activation, whereas a right increase of Beta band for touch condition was associated with sustained awareness on the sensory experience. Overall, EEG cortical oscillations' functional meaning could help highlight the neurophysiological implicit responses to tactile conditions and the importance of touch integration in consumers' experience.

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