Significant Near Field Enhancement Over Large Volumes Around Metal Nanorods via Strong Coupling of Surface Lattice Resonances and Fabry-Pérot Resonance

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunjie Shi ◽  
Yuming Dong ◽  
Degui Sun ◽  
Guangyuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Strong Coupling ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Field Enhancement ◽  
Nanorod Array ◽  
Strong Light ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Surface Lattice ◽  
Coupling System ◽  
Fabry Perot ◽  
Split Mode

Metal nanoparticles supporting plasmons are widely used to enhance electromagnetic fields, resulting in strong light-matter interactions at the nanoscale in a diverse range of applications. Recently, it has been shown that when metal nanorods are periodically arranged with proper lattice periods, surface lattice resonances (SLRs) can be excited and near fields can be greatly enhanced over extended volumes. In this work, we report significant near field enhancement over even larger volumes by placing the metal nanorod array within a Fabry-Pérot (F-P) microcavity. Results show that taking advantage of strong coupling between the SLR and the photonic F-P resonances, the electric field intensity of the bonding split mode can be enhanced by up to 1935 times, which is about three times of the enhancement of the SLR, and the greatly enhanced field can extend over most of the F-P microcavity. We further show that the F-P resonances of both odd and even orders can strongly couple to the SLR by varying the nanorods position from the middle of the microcavity. We expect that the proposed plasmonic-photonic coupling system will find promising applications in nanolasers, nonlinear optics and sensing.

scholarly journals Cavity Catalysis ‒Accelerating Reactions under Vibrational Strong Coupling‒

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidefumi Hiura ◽  
Atef Shalabney ◽  
Jino George
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Strong Coupling ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Cavity Mode ◽  
Coupling Ratio ◽  
Strong Light ◽  
Rabi Splitting ◽  
Fabry Perot ◽  
Splitting Energy

<p>In conventional catalysis the reactants interact with specific sites of the catalyst in such a way that the reaction barrier is lowered and the reaction rate is accelerated. Here we take a radically different approach to catalysis by strongly coupling the vibrations of the reactants to the vacuum electromagnetic field of a cavity. To demonstrate the possibility of such cavity catalysis, we have studied hydrolysis reactions under strong coupling of the OH stretching mode of water to a Fabry-Pérot (FP) microfluidic cavity mode. This results in an exceptionally large Rabi splitting energy ℏΩ<sub>R</sub> of 92 meV (740 cm<sup>−1</sup>), indicating the system is in vibrational ultra-strong coupling (V-USC) regime and we have found that it enhances the hydrolysis reaction rate of cyanate ions by 10<sup>2</sup> times and that of ammonia borane by 10<sup>4</sup> times. This catalytic ability is shown to depend only upon the cavity tuning and the coupling ratio. Given the vital importance of water for life and human activities, we expect our finding not only offers an unconventional way of controlling chemical reactions by ultra-strong light-matter interactions, but also changes the landscape of chemistry in a fundamental way.</p>

scholarly journals Cavity Catalysis ‒Accelerating Reactions under Vibrational Strong Coupling‒

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidefumi Hiura ◽  
Atef Shalabney ◽  
Jino George
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Strong Coupling ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Cavity Mode ◽  
Coupling Ratio ◽  
Strong Light ◽  
Rabi Splitting ◽  
Fabry Perot ◽  
Splitting Energy

<p>In conventional catalysis the reactants interact with specific sites of the catalyst in such a way that the reaction barrier is lowered and the reaction rate is accelerated. Here we take a radically different approach to catalysis by strongly coupling the vibrations of the reactants to the vacuum electromagnetic field of a cavity. To demonstrate the possibility of such cavity catalysis, we have studied hydrolysis reactions under strong coupling of the OH stretching mode of water to a Fabry-Pérot (FP) microfluidic cavity mode. This results in an exceptionally large Rabi splitting energy ℏΩ<sub>R</sub> of 92 meV (740 cm<sup>−1</sup>), indicating the system is in vibrational ultra-strong coupling (V-USC) regime and we have found that it enhances the hydrolysis reaction rate of cyanate ions by 10<sup>2</sup> times and that of ammonia borane by 10<sup>4</sup> times. This catalytic ability is shown to depend only upon the cavity tuning and the coupling ratio. Given the vital importance of water for life and human activities, we expect our finding not only offers an unconventional way of controlling chemical reactions by ultra-strong light-matter interactions, but also changes the landscape of chemistry in a fundamental way.</p>

scholarly journals Vibrational Ultra Strong Coupling of Water and Ice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidefumi Hiura ◽  
Atef Shalabney ◽  
Jino George
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Strong Coupling ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Strong Light ◽  
Rabi Splitting ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Fabry Perot ◽  
Light Matter Interaction ◽  
Vibrational Energies

Water is of vital importance for life and human activities on Earth—it exhibits unique properties due to its interlinked and multipoint hydrogen bonding network. Here, we experimentally show that water can undergo vibrational ultra strong coupling (V-USC) in both the liquid and solid forms when the OH stretching mode of water or ice is resonantly coupled with an optical mode of an infrared Fabry−Pérot cavity. The light-coupled H<sub>2</sub>O under V-USC reveals the largest Rabi splitting ever reported, reaching 22% and 26% of the vibrational energy for water and ice, respectively. We confirm that the extraordinarily large Rabi splitting stems from the densely packed minuscule molecular structures, large vibrational energies, and broad and intense absorptions due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding. These new findings offer a brand-new platform in polaritonic chemistry for controlling the properties of water with an ultra strong light-matter interaction.

scholarly journals Realizing room-temperature strong coupling of single-exciton with plasmons by controlling quantum exceptional point

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Renming Liu ◽  
Junyu Li ◽  
Jie Zhong ◽  
Huanjun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strong Coupling ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Plasmon Mode ◽  
Exceptional Point ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Good Match ◽  
Quantum Devices ◽  
Coupling System ◽  
Fabry Perot ◽  
Fano Interference

Abstract Single-exciton strong coupling with plasmons is highly desirable for exploiting room-temperature quantum devices and applications. However, the large plasmon decay makes the realization of such strong coupling extremely difficult. To overcome this challenge, here we propose an effective approach to easily achieve the single-exciton strong coupling at room temperature by controlling quantum exceptional point (QEP) of the coupling system via matching the decay between the localized plasmon mode (LPM) and exciton. The good match can be reached by suppressing the LPM’s decay with the use of a leaky Fabry-Perot cavity. Experimental results show that the LPM’s decay linewidth is greatly compressed from ~ 45 nm to ~ 15 nm, which is close to the excitonic linewidth (~ 10 nm), pushing their interaction from the Fano interference into the strong coupling. Our work opens a new way to flexibly control the QEP and more easily realize the single-exciton strong coupling in ambient conditions.

scholarly journals Modeling of Optical Nanoantennas

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bedir B. Yousif ◽  
Ahmed S. Samra
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Spectral Response ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Approximation Error ◽  
Field Enhancement ◽  
Optical Data Storage ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Localized Surface Plasmon ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Strong Light

The optical properties of plasmonic nanoantennas are investigated in detail using the finite integration technique (FIT). The validity of this technique is verified by comparison to the exact solution generalized Mie method (GMM). The influence of the geometrical parameters (antenna length, gap dimension, and shapes) on the antenna field enhancement and spectral response is discussed. Localized surface plasmon resonances of Au (gold) dimers nanospheres, bowtie, and aperture bowtie nanoantennas are modeled. The enhanced field is equivalent to a strong light spot which can lead to the resolution improvement of the microscopy and optical lithography, thus increasing the optical data storage capacity. Furthermore, the sensitivity of the antennas to index changes of the environment and substrate is investigated in detail for biosensing applications. We confirm that our approach yields an exact correspondence with GMM theory for Au dimers nanospheres at gap dimensions 5 nm and 10 nm but gives an approximation error of less than 1.37% for gap dimensions 1 nm and 2 nm with diameters approaching 80 nm. In addition, the far-field characteristics of the aperture bowtie nanoantenna such as directivity and gain are studied. The promising results of this study may have useful potential applications in near-field sample detection, optical microscopy, and so forth.

scholarly journals Vibrational Ultra Strong Coupling of Water and Ice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidefumi Hiura ◽  
Atef Shalabney ◽  
Jino George
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Strong Coupling ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Strong Light ◽  
Rabi Splitting ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Fabry Perot ◽  
Light Matter Interaction ◽  
Vibrational Energies

Water is of vital importance for life and human activities on Earth—it exhibits unique properties due to its interlinked and multipoint hydrogen bonding network. Here, we experimentally show that water can undergo vibrational ultra strong coupling (V-USC) in both the liquid and solid forms when the OH stretching mode of water or ice is resonantly coupled with an optical mode of an infrared Fabry−Pérot cavity. The light-coupled H<sub>2</sub>O under V-USC reveals the largest Rabi splitting ever reported, reaching 22% and 26% of the vibrational energy for water and ice, respectively. We confirm that the extraordinarily large Rabi splitting stems from the densely packed minuscule molecular structures, large vibrational energies, and broad and intense absorptions due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding. These new findings offer a brand-new platform in polaritonic chemistry for controlling the properties of water with an ultra strong light-matter interaction.

scholarly journals Large Near-Field Enhancement in Terahertz Antennas by Using Hyperbolic Metamaterials with Hole Arrays

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cong Cheng ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Yuanfu Lu ◽  
Fangming Ruan ◽  
Guangyuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Field Component ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Field Enhancement ◽  
Dipole Antenna ◽  
Electric Field Component ◽  
Strong Light ◽  
Hyperbolic Metamaterials ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Hole Arrays

Terahertz antennas can greatly enhance the near fields and enable strong light–matter interactions, and thus have been widely used in applications such as terahertz sensing and detection. Here we propose a novel approach to further enhance the near fields in terahertz antennas. We show that by sandwiching hyperbolic metamaterials that are composed of InSb and SiO 2 multilayer and that are dressed with hole arrays, between a terahertz dipole antenna and the substrate, the near-field electric field intensities in the antenna can be further enhanced by more than three times. Simulations reveal that this enhancement originates from the doubly enhanced in-plane electric field component and the significantly enhanced out-of-plane electric field component. We expect this work will advance the design of terahertz antennas that are widely used in sensors and detectors.

scholarly journals Compounding Plasmon–Exciton Strong Coupling System with Gold Nanofilm to Boost Rabi Splitting

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Song ◽  
Zhanxu Chen ◽  
Wenbo Zhang ◽  
Limin Lin ◽  
Yanjun Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Strong Coupling ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Strong Light ◽  
Quantum Devices ◽  
Rabi Splitting ◽  
Coupling System ◽  
Scattering Spectra ◽  
The Individual

Various plasmonic nanocavities possessing an extremely small mode volume have been developed and applied successfully in the study of strong light-matter coupling. Driven by the desire of constructing quantum networks and other functional quantum devices, a growing trend of strong coupling research is to explore the possibility of fabricating simple strong coupling nanosystems as the building blocks to construct complex systems or devices. Herein, we investigate such a nanocube-exciton building block (i.e. AuNC@J-agg), which is fabricated by coating Au nanocubes with excitonic J-aggregate molecules. The extinction spectra of AuNC@J-agg assembly, as well as the dark field scattering spectra of the individual nanocube-exciton, exhibit Rabi splitting of 100–140 meV, which signifies strong plasmon–exciton coupling. We further demonstrate the feasibility of constructing a more complex system of AuNC@J-agg on Au film, which achieves a much stronger coupling, with Rabi splitting of 377 meV. This work provides a practical pathway of building complex systems from building blocks, which are simple strong coupling systems, which lays the foundation for exploring further fundamental studies or inventing novel quantum devices.

scholarly journals Cavity Catalysis ‒Accelerating Reactions under Vibrational Strong Coupling‒

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidefumi Hiura ◽  
Atef Shalabney ◽  
Jino George
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Strong Coupling ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Cavity Mode ◽  
Coupling Ratio ◽  
Strong Light ◽  
Rabi Splitting ◽  
Fabry Perot ◽  
Splitting Energy

<p>In conventional catalysis the reactants interact with specific sites of the catalyst in such a way that the reaction barrier is lowered and the reaction rate is accelerated. Here we take a radically different approach to catalysis by strongly coupling the vibrations of the reactants to the vacuum electromagnetic field of a cavity. To demonstrate the possibility of such cavity catalysis, we have studied hydrolysis reactions under strong coupling of the OH stretching mode of water to a Fabry-Pérot (FP) microfluidic cavity mode. This results in an exceptionally large Rabi splitting energy ℏΩ<sub>R</sub> of 92 meV (740 cm<sup>−1</sup>), indicating the system is in vibrational ultra-strong coupling (V-USC) regime and we have found that it enhances the hydrolysis reaction rate of cyanate ions by 10<sup>2</sup> times and that of ammonia borane by 10<sup>4</sup> times. This catalytic ability is shown to depend only upon the cavity tuning and the coupling ratio. Given the vital importance of water for life and human activities, we expect our finding not only offers an unconventional way of controlling chemical reactions by ultra-strong light-matter interactions, but also changes the landscape of chemistry in a fundamental way.</p>

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