scholarly journals Identification of surface-basement layer distribution of Wangi-Wangi Island based on HVSR method of microtremor data

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Rani Chahyani ◽  
Abdul Manan ◽  
Cindy Puspitafury ◽  
Kasmawati Kasmawati
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Sediment Layer ◽  
Measurement Point ◽  
Hvsr Method ◽  
Basement Layer ◽  
Surface Layer Thickness

<span class="jlqj4b"><span>To find out the distribution of the surface-basement layer of Wangi-Wangi Island, it can be done by calculating the surface layer thickness of each measurement point using microtremor data. The surface layer thickness (<em>h</em>) also indicates the position of the basement to the surface. The microtremor recording data used in this study were 47 data. Furthermore, the data were processed using the HVSR method to obtained the soil predominant frequencies which together with the <em>V</em><sub>s30</sub> values were used to calculated the <em>h </em>values. The results showed that the thickness of the surface layer or sediment layer of Wangi-Wangi Island was in the range of 5.7339 to 241.2557 meters. Based on its distribution, the areas with a thick surface layer are in the areas of Sombu, North Wandoka, Wandoka, South Wandoka, Pada Raya Makmur and Wanci. In the case of a disaster, these areas are thought to have the most potential to experience damage if an earthquake shakes.</span></span>

scholarly journals The effect of the titanium surface layer thickness on the characteristics of a layered composite material

2019 ◽  
Vol 1281 ◽  
pp. 012057 ◽  
Author(s):  
E O Nasakina ◽  
M A Sudarchikova ◽  
K Yu Demin ◽  
M A Gol’dberg ◽  
M I Baskakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Titanium Surface ◽  
Layered Composite ◽  
Layered Composite Material ◽  
Surface Layer Thickness

scholarly journals Effects of the Face/Core Layer Ratio on the Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed Wood/Polylactic Acid (PLA) Green Biocomposite Panels with a Gyroid Core

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2929
Author(s):  
Nadir Ayrilmis ◽  
Rajini Nagarajan ◽  
Manja Kitek Kuzman
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Brinell Hardness ◽  
Skin Thickness ◽  
Bending Modulus ◽  
Screw Withdrawal ◽  
Surface Layer Thickness

Gyroid structured green biocomposites with different thickness face layers (0.5, 1, 2 and 2.5 mm) were additively manufactured from wood/ polylactic acid (PLA) filaments using a 3D printer. The mechanical properties of the composite panels, bending properties, compressive strength (parallel to the surface), Brinell hardness, and face screw withdrawal resistance, were determined. The surface layer thickness significantly affects the mechanical properties of the composite materials. As the surface layer thickness was increased from 0.5 to 2.5 mm, all the mechanical properties significantly improved. In particular, the Brinell hardness and face screw withdrawal resistance of the specimens improved sharply when the skin thickness was higher than 2 mm. The bending strength, bending modulus, compressive strength (parallel to the surface), Brinell hardness, and face screw withdrawal resistance of the specimens with a skin of 0.5 mm were found to be 8.10, 847.5, 3.52, 2.12 and 445 N, respectively, while they were found to be 65.8, 11.82, 2492.2, 14.62, 26 and 1475 N for the specimens with a 2.5 mm skin. Based on the findings from the present study, gyroid structured composites with a thickness of 2 mm or higher are recommended due to their better mechanical properties as compared to the composites with skins that are thinner.

Analytic GPR data processing for surface layer thickness assessment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vânia Marecos ◽  
José Pedro Figueiredo ◽  
Simona Fontul ◽  
Mercedes Solla
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Surface Layer Thickness

scholarly journals An Analytical Model of the Response of the Meridional Overturning Circulation to Changes in Wind and Buoyancy Forcing

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 1270-1287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Callum J. Shakespeare ◽  
Andrew McC. Hogg
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Wind Stress ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Meridional Overturning Circulation ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Surface Buoyancy ◽  
Surface Layer Thickness

Abstract An analytical model of the full-depth ocean stratification and meridional overturning circulation for an idealized Atlantic basin with a circumpolar channel is presented. The model explicitly describes the ocean response to both Southern Ocean winds and the global pattern and strength of prescribed surface buoyancy fluxes. The construction of three layers, defined by the two isopycnals of overturning extrema, allows the description of circulation and stratification in both the upper and abyssal ocean. The system is fully solved in the adiabatic limit to yield scales for the surface layer thickness, buoyancies of each layer, and overturning magnitudes. The analytical model also allows scaling of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) transport. The veracity of the three-layer framework and derived scales is confirmed by applying the analytical model to an idealized geometry, eddy-permitting ocean general circulation model. Consistent with previous results, the abyssal overturning is found to scale inversely with wind stress, whereas the North Atlantic overturning and surface-layer thickness scale linearly with wind stress. In terms of the prescribed surface buoyancy fluxes, increased negative fluxes (buoyancy removal) in the North Atlantic increase the North Atlantic overturning and surface-layer thickness, whereas increased positive fluxes in the middle and low latitudes lead to a decrease in both parameters. Increased negative surface buoyancy fluxes to the south of Drake Passage increase the abyssal overturning and reduce the abyssal buoyancy. The ACC transport scales to first order with the sum of the Ekman transport and the abyssal overturning and thus increases with both wind stress and southern surface buoyancy flux magnitude.

Measurement of Surface Layer Thickness by a Kinetic Method

1976 ◽  
Vol 102 (5_6) ◽  
pp. 221-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshio Maruyama ◽  
Kazuo Takada ◽  
Wazo Komatsu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Kinetic Method ◽  
Surface Layer Thickness
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