scholarly journals PENGARUH SUHU DAN UKURAN INANG TERHADAP BIOLOGI Trichogramma sp. PARASITOID TELUR PADA Cricula trifenestrata

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
ELLYDA ABAS WIKARDI ◽  
TOTO DJUWARSO ◽  
TYASNING N. ◽  
O. N. RISANTI
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Egg Size ◽  
Host Size ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Intrinsic Growth Rate ◽  
Mutual Support ◽  
Biological Index ◽  
Parasitoid Behaviour ◽  
Almost All

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of temperature and host size on the growth and development of Trichogramma sp., a species of parasitoid which attacks Cricula trfenestrata s eggs. The experiment was carried oul in the Pesl laboratory, Dalillro, Bogor. with relative humidity ranged between 60-80%. temperature ranged.between 23-25°C, 26-28°C, and 29-3 l"C. with two kinds of different egg size (big and small). This research was conducted from March lo Sepeniber 2000, to optimize the production (generation) of Trichogramma sp. in the Laboratory. The resuts showed that some of Ihe biological index of Trichogramma sp., changed when it was cultivated in different temperature and host size. Temperature influenced longivity of parasitoid while host size influenced almost all of Ihe biological index. Although it was hardly measured, however the temperature and host size seemed to have mutual support in Influencing 7}"fcAogrximnta biological index. In low temperature, the development of parasitoid was longer than that in high temperature, while parasitoid behaviour in ovipositing was influenced by egg size. On Ihe big size host, parasitoid tended ovipositing all al once, while thai on small host ovipositing was done one by one. Ihe average of Trichogramma generation on big host was 42.1 ± 17.1 with sex ratio 1 8.8 I , while thai on small host was 73.3 ± 1 3.2 with sex ratio 6.71 I , where female was plcnticr than male. By using Birch methods, it was showed that intrinsic growth rate (r„) and net reproductive rale (Ro) on big size host were lower compared with small size host while generation lime (T) on big host was longer than small host. Ro values were significantly different belween the two hosts. The result of this experiment also showed that on both host sizes, optimum value of T, Ro and rm was achieved on 26-28°C. These results arc expected to guide parasiloid breeders lo decide the temperature and host size in mass cultivating Trichogramma sp. in laboratory. While for ield application, tempeature and hosl range arc Ihe factors should be considered.

scholarly journals SEX-RATIO MANIPULATION BY THE PARASITOID WASPMUSCIDIFURAX RAPTORIN RESPONSE TO HOST SIZE

Evolution ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1876-1882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra E. Seidl ◽  
Bethia King
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Host Size

The Influence of Temperature and Humidity on Instar Length in Calandra Granaria Linn

1947 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 79-94
Author(s):  
L. E. S. EASTHAM ◽  
F. SEGROVE
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Threshold Temperature ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Atmospheric Humidity ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Balance Sheets ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

1. The effects of temperature and humidity on the duration of each instar of the life cycle of Calandra granaria Linn. have been examined. The insects were reared at temperatures ranging from 15 to 30° C. and at atmospheric humidities ranging from 40 to 80% R.H. 2. A method is described for assessing the effect of temperature as an independent factor. 3. The temperatures employed fall within the ‘vital zone’. Extrapolation indicates the threshold temperature to be approximately 11° C. for the egg and larval instars though somewhat lower for the pupa. 30° C. is below the optimum temperature. 4. The durations of the egg and pupal stages are not affected by atmospheric humidity. 5. The duration of all larval instars is affected by moisture. It is suggested that this is largely due to atmospheric humidity and that food water is of little significance. 6. Shortage of moisture acts as an obstacle to development. Evidence is presented which indicates that drier atmospheres tend to desiccate the insect and that desiccation is responsible for retarded growth and development. 7. Since much earlier work on temperature and moisture has been done on fasting insects and, therefore, on insects deficient in one of the most important environmental factors, we suggest that our results, incomplete as they are, indicate the need for new approaches to be made. More complete data on feeding insects under controlled conditions of food, temperature and moisture are required, from which can be drawn up more complete balance sheets of development involving measurements of food utilization and respiratory rates.

METODE-METODE PENDIDIKAN ISLAM BAGI ANAK USIA DINI

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Ahmad Zaini
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Educational Methods ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact

<p>Man is a creature of God; This is one of the nature of human beings.<br />Another is that the nature of human beings is creatures whose development<br />is influenced by the nature and the environment. A human being is very<br />interesting. Therefore, he has been the target of studies since past, present,<br />and future. Almost all higher education institutions assess the human, and<br />the impact of his work on his own, community and environment. One of the<br />aims of man created by God is to be His vicegerent on earth. Therefore, people<br />should be educated from an early age even while still in his mother’s womb.<br />Early childhood is a group of children who are in the process of growth and<br />development that is unique, in the sense of having a pattern of growth and<br />development, intelligence, social, emotional, language and communication<br />in accordance with the rate of growth and development of children. The<br />importance of childhood and early childhood characteristics, demanding<br />approach to be used in learning activities that will be used in the learning<br />activities that focus on children. At the time of this early age, children need to be<br />educated as well as possible, with methods appropriate to their circumstances.<br />The educational methods that can be applied are such as, advice, stories, and<br />customs. No “bad” or ‘good’method. Because it highly depends on many factors.<br />The important thing taken into account teachers to set a method is knowing<br />the limits of goodness and weakness methods that will be used, thus allowing<br />it to formulate conclusions about the results/achievement of the objectives of<br />the decision.</p>

Effect of Temperature on Growth and Development of Variegated Solomon’s Seal for Year-round Production

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Ha Rhie ◽  
◽  
Na Young Yun ◽  
Seung Youn Lee ◽  
Ki Sun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Effect Of Temperature
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