scholarly journals Some Results of Feebly Open and Feebly Closed Mappings

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 816-821
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Closed Set ◽  
Closed Sets ◽  
Closed Mappings

The main purpose of this paper is to study feebly open and feebly closed mappings and we proved several results about that by using some concepts of topological feebly open and feebly closed sets , semi open (- closed ) set , gs-(sg-) closed set and composition of mappings.

ON A NEW CLASS OF SEMI GENERALIZED CLOSED SETS IN STRONG GENERALIZED TOPOLOGICAL SPACES

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 9353-9360
Author(s):  
G. Selvi ◽  
I. Rajasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Topological Spaces ◽  
Closed Set ◽  
Basic Properties ◽  
Closed Sets ◽  
New Class ◽  
Open Set ◽  
Continuous Maps

This paper deals with the concepts of semi generalized closed sets in strong generalized topological spaces such as $sg^{\star \star}_\mu$-closed set, $sg^{\star \star}_\mu$-open set, $g^{\star \star}_\mu$-closed set, $g^{\star \star}_\mu$-open set and studied some of its basic properties included with $sg^{\star \star}_\mu$-continuous maps, $sg^{\star \star}_\mu$-irresolute maps and $T_\frac{1}{2}$-space in strong generalized topological spaces.

scholarly journals New spaces and Continuity via ˆΩ-closed sets

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
M. Lellis Thivagar ◽  
M. Anbuchelvi
Keyword(s):  
Closed Set ◽  
Closed Sets ◽  
Generalized Continuity

In this paper we introduce new spaces like ˆΩ Tδ and ωTˆΩ . It turns out that the space δωTδ coincide with semi−T1 and in ωTˆΩ -space every closed set is ˆΩ -closed set and in semi − T12 every ˆΩ -closed set is closed in a topological space.Also we introduce some kinds of generalized continuity such as ˆΩ -continuity, ˆΩ -irresolute,weakly ˆΩ -continuity and ˆΩ -open mappings.

Limit theorems for convex hulls of random sets

1993 ◽  
Vol 25 (02) ◽  
pp. 395-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilya S. Molchanov
Keyword(s):  
Limit Theorems ◽  
Random Sets ◽  
Convex Hulls ◽  
Stable Sets ◽  
Limiting Distributions ◽  
Closed Set ◽  
Closed Sets ◽  
Random Closed Sets ◽  
Random Closed Set ◽  
Simple Limit

Let , be i.i.d. random closed sets in . Limit theorems for their normalized convex hulls conv () are proved. The limiting distributions correspond to C-stable random sets. The random closed set A is called C-stable if, for any , the sets anA and conv ( coincide in distribution for certain positive an, compact Kn , and independent copies A 1, …, An of A. The distributions of C-stable sets are characterized via corresponding containment functionals.

scholarly journals On convergence of closed sets in a metric space and distance functions

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Beer
Keyword(s):  
Distance Function ◽  
Metric Space ◽  
Pointwise Convergence ◽  
Distance Functions ◽  
Convergence Theorems ◽  
Closed Set ◽  
Closed Sets ◽  
The Family ◽  
Kuratowski Convergence ◽  
General Convergence

Let CL(X) denote the nonempty closed subsets of a metric space X. We answer the following question: in which spaces X is the Kuratowski convergence of a sequence {Cn} in CL(X) to a nonempty closed set C equivalent to the pointwise convergence of the distance functions for the sets in the sequence to the distance function for C ? We also obtain some related results from two general convergence theorems for equicontinuous families of real valued functions regarding the convergence of graphs and epigraphs of functions in the family.

scholarly journals Nearest points to closed sets and directional derivatives of distance functions

1989 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Fitzpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Distance Function ◽  
Directional Derivative ◽  
Distance Functions ◽  
Directional Derivatives ◽  
Closed Set ◽  
Closed Sets ◽  
Set Of Points ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Nearest Points ◽  
Dense Set

We investigate the circumstances under which the distance function to a closed set in a Banach space having a one-sided directional derivative equal to 1 or −1 implies the existence of nearest points. In reflexive spaces we show that at a dense set of points outside a closed set the distance function has a directional derivative equal to 1.

scholarly journals Spectral theory for random closed sets and estimating the covariance via frequency space

2003 ◽  
Vol 35 (03) ◽  
pp. 603-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karsten Koch ◽  
Joachim Ohser ◽  
Katja Schladitz
Keyword(s):  
Power Spectrum ◽  
Spectral Theory ◽  
Real World ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Mathematical Basis ◽  
Closed Set ◽  
Frequency Space ◽  
Closed Sets ◽  
Random Closed Sets ◽  
Random Closed Set

A spectral theory for stationary random closed sets is developed and provided with a sound mathematical basis. The definition and a proof of the existence of the Bartlett spectrum of a stationary random closed set as well as the proof of a Wiener-Khinchin theorem for the power spectrum are used to two ends. First, well-known second-order characteristics like the covariance can be estimated faster than usual via frequency space. Second, the Bartlett spectrum and the power spectrum can be used as second-order characteristics in frequency space. Examples show that in some cases information about the random closed set is easier to obtain from these characteristics in frequency space than from their real-world counterparts.

scholarly journals The Prime Stems of Rooted Circuits of Closure Spaces and Minimum Implicational Bases

10.37236/3068 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masataka Nakamura ◽  
Kenji Kashiwabara
Keyword(s):  
Convex Geometry ◽  
Closure Operators ◽  
Optimal Basis ◽  
Closed Set ◽  
Closed Sets ◽  
Closure Systems ◽  
Closure Spaces ◽  
Convex Geometries ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Special Case

A rooted circuit is firstly introduced for convex geometries (antimatroids). We generalize it for closure systems or equivalently for closure operators. A rooted circuit is a specific type of a pair $(X,e)$ of a subset $X$, called a stem, and an element $e\not\in X$, called a root. We introduce a notion called a 'prime stem', which plays the key role in this article. Every prime stem is shown to be a pseudo-closed set of an implicational system. If the sizes of stems are all the same, the stems are all pseudo-closed sets, and they give rise to a canonical minimum implicational basis. For an affine convex geometry, the prime stems determine a canonical minimum basis, and furthermore  gives rise to an optimal basis. A 'critical rooted circuit' is a special case of a rooted circuit defined for an antimatroid. As a precedence structure, 'critical rooted circuits' are necessary and sufficient to fix an antimatroid whereas critical rooted circuits are not necessarily sufficient to restore the original antimatroid as an implicational system. It is shown through an example.

scholarly journals Fine Fuzzy sp Closed Sets in Fine Fuzzy Topological Spaces

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1306-1313
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Function ◽  
Topological Space ◽  
Inverse Image ◽  
Continuous Functions ◽  
Topological Spaces ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Closed Set ◽  
Closed Sets ◽  
Fuzzy Topological Space ◽  
Fuzzy Topological Spaces

The main view of this article is the extended version of the fine topological space to the novel kind of space say fine fuzzy topological space which is developed by the notion called collection of quasi coincident of fuzzy sets. In this connection, fine fuzzy closed sets are introduced and studied some features on it. Further, the relationship between fine fuzzy closed sets with certain types of fine fuzzy closed sets are investigated and their converses need not be true are elucidated with necessary examples. Fine fuzzy continuous function is defined as the inverse image of fine fuzzy closed set is fine fuzzy closed and its interrelations with other types of fine fuzzy continuous functions are obtained. The reverse implication need not be true is proven with examples. Finally, the applications of fine fuzzy continuous function are explained by using the composition.

scholarly journals STATISTICS FOR PATCH OBSERVATIONS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B6 ◽  
pp. 235-242
Author(s):  
K. L. Hingee
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Closed Set ◽  
Closed Sets ◽  
Random Closed Sets ◽  
Contact Distribution ◽  
Land Cover Maps ◽  
Underlying Processes

In the application of remote sensing it is common to investigate processes that generate patches of material. This is especially true when using categorical land cover or land use maps. Here we view some existing tools, landscape pattern indices (LPI), as non-parametric estimators of random closed sets (RACS). This RACS framework enables LPIs to be studied rigorously. A RACS is any random process that generates a closed set, which encompasses any processes that result in binary (two-class) land cover maps. RACS theory, and methods in the underlying field of stochastic geometry, are particularly well suited to high-resolution remote sensing where objects extend across tens of pixels, and the shapes and orientations of patches are symptomatic of underlying processes. For some LPI this field already contains variance information and border correction techniques. After introducing RACS theory we discuss the core area LPI in detail. It is closely related to the spherical contact distribution leading to conditional variants, a new version of contagion, variance information and multiple border-corrected estimators. We demonstrate some of these findings on high resolution tree canopy data.

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