An Analytical Model Predicts Pressure Increase During Waste Water Injection to Prevent Fracturing and Seismic Events

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Jin ◽  
Andrew K. Wojtanowicz ◽  
Jun Ge
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Pressure Increase ◽  
Seismic Events

Long-term experiments of waste water injection in the otake geothermal field, Japan

Geothermics ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 18 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 153-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Itoi ◽  
M. Fukuda ◽  
K. Jinno ◽  
K. Hirowatari ◽  
N. Shinohara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Geothermal Field ◽  
Long Term Experiments

Injectivity formation damage due to fines migration

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 700
Author(s):  
Larissa Chequer ◽  
Mohammad Bagheri ◽  
Abbas Zeinijahromi ◽  
Pavel Bedrikovetsky
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Model ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Formation Damage ◽  
Fines Migration ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Low Salinity Water ◽  
Damaged Zone ◽  
Salinity Water ◽  
Low Salinity Water Injection

Formation damage by fines migration during low-salinity water injection can greatly affect field-scale waterflooding projects. In this paper, we present the basic governing equations for single-phase flow with detachment, migration and straining of natural reservoir fines. We perform laboratory corefloods with low-salinity water injections and monitor the breakthrough particle concentration and pressure drop across the core. The analytical model for linear flow matches the laboratory data with high accuracy. The analytical model for radial flow predicts well behaviour from laboratory-tuned coefficients. The calculations show that fines migration during low-salinity water injection causes significant injectivity decline. For typical values of fines-migration model coefficients, injectivity index declines 2–8 times during 10−3 pore volumes injected and the radius of the damaged zone does not exceed a few metres. We present two field cases on waterflooding and low-salinity water injection. The radial model presents good agreement with well injectivity field data.

scholarly journals An Experimentally Verified NOx Emission Model for Gas Turbine Combustors

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. S. Y. Hung
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Emission Model ◽  
Gas Turbine Combustors

An analytical model has been developed to simulate the thermal NOx emission processes in various gas turbine combustors for a variety of fuels. The NOx emissions predicted by the model are in excellent agreement with available laboratory and field data. Its capability to simulate the water injection process accurately has been demonstrated previously. Comprehensive understanding of the NOx emission processes in gas turbine combustors has been gained through the current analytical studies. NOx emissions as influenced by ambient humidity, changes in combustor geometry, type of fuel used and changes in operating parameters can now be evaluated quantitatively through a priori prediction and have been verified by available laboratory and field data. The analytical model has also been demonstrated to be a powerful guidance tool in directing the experimental testing program in an effort to reduce NOx emissions from gas turbine combustors.

scholarly journals Analytical Model of Waterflood Sweep Efficiency in Vertical Heterogeneous Reservoirs under Constant Pressure

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisha Zhao ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Zhongbao Wu ◽  
Chenshuo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Model ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Constant Pressure ◽  
Water Saturation ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Sweep Efficiency ◽  
Heterogeneous Reservoirs ◽  
Water Cut ◽  
Swept Volume

An analytical model has been developed for quantitative evaluation of vertical sweep efficiency based on heterogeneous multilayer reservoirs. By applying the Buckley-Leverett displacement mechanism, a theoretical relationship is deduced to describe dynamic changes of the front of water injection, water saturation of producing well, and swept volume during waterflooding under the condition of constant pressure, which substitutes for the condition of constant rate in the traditional way. Then, this method of calculating sweep efficiency is applied from single layer to multilayers, which can be used to accurately calculate the sweep efficiency of heterogeneous reservoirs and evaluate the degree of waterflooding in multilayer reservoirs. In the case study, the water frontal position, water cut, volumetric sweep efficiency, and oil recovery are compared between commingled injection and zonal injection by applying the derived equations. The results are verified by numerical simulators, respectively. It is shown that zonal injection works better than commingled injection in respect of sweep efficiency and oil recovery and has a longer period of water free production.

Analytical Model for Fines Migration During Water Injection

2013 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Bedrikovetsky ◽  
Noe Caruso
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Model ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Fines Migration

Characterization of the pharyngo-UES contractile reflex in humans

1997 ◽  
Vol 273 (4) ◽  
pp. G854-G858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Shaker ◽  
Junlong Ren ◽  
Pengyan Xie ◽  
Ivan M. Lang ◽  
Eytan Bardan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Injection ◽  
Upper Esophageal Sphincter ◽  
Pressure Increase ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Rapid Pulse ◽  
Significant Augmentation ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Threshold Volume ◽  
Resting Tone

Preliminary human studies suggest the presence of an upper esophageal sphincter (UES) contractile reflex triggered by pharyngeal water stimulation. The purposes of this study were to further characterize this reflex and determine the threshold volume for its activation. We studied 10 healthy young volunteers by manometric technique before and after topical pharyngeal anesthesia. UES pressure responses to various volumes and temperatures of water injected into the pharynx were elucidated. At a threshold volume, rapid-pulse and slow continuous pharyngeal water injection resulted in significant augmentation of UES pressure in all volunteers. Threshold volume for inducing UES contraction averaged 0.1 ± 0.01 ml for rapid-pulse injection and was significantly smaller than that for slow continuous injection (1.0 ± 0.2 ml). UES pressure increase duration averaged 16 ± 4 s. Augmentation of UES resting tone by injection of water with three different temperatures was similar. This augmentation was abolished after topical anesthesia. Conclusions were that stimulation of the human pharynx by injection of minute amounts of water results in a significant increase in resting UES pressure: the pharyngo-UES contractile reflex. The magnitude of pressure increase due to activation of this reflex is not volume or temperature dependent. Loss of pharyngeal sensation abolishes this reflex.

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