scholarly journals Hospitalizations for viral respiratory infections in children under 2 years of age: epidemiology and in-hospital complications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessie Zurita-Cruz ◽  
Alejandro Gutierrez-Gonzalez ◽  
Leticia Manuel-Apolinar ◽  
José Esteban Fernández-Gárate ◽  
María Luisa Arellano-Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Medical Procedure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Invasive Medical Procedure ◽  
Viral Respiratory Infections ◽  
Complications And Mortality ◽  
Viral Respiratory

Abstract Background: Viral respiratory infections (VRIs) are a frequent cause of hospitalization in children under 24 months of age. A history of prematurity or heart disease may be a risk factor for complications in patients hospitalized for VRI. The objective was to describe epidemiological data for children hospitalized for IRV and aged 1 to 24 months and to identify risk factors for the presence of in-hospital complications and mortality over a period of 5 years.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Patients registered with VRI codes B974, J12, J120-J129X, J168, J17, J171, J178, J20, J203-J209, J21, J210, J211, J218, J219 (based on International Classification of Diseases [ICD-10]) from 2013 to 2017 were included. Three subanalyses were performed to compare (1) patients with pathological history (prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia [BPD] and congenital heart disease [CHD]), (2) diagnoses (pneumonia, acute bronchitis, and acute bronchiolitis), and (3) admission to the pediatric intensive care unit. Days of hospital stay, in-hospital complications, invasive medical procedure and mortality were analyzed. Statistical analysis: VRI hospitalization prevalence was described. For comparison between groups, Student's t-test, ANOVA and the Chi2 test were applied. To identify factors related to days of hospital stay, in-hospital complications and mortality, a linear and logistic regression model was performed.Results: A total of 66,304 hospitalizations were reported. The average age was 14.7 weeks; hospitalization events were higher in winter (39%), followed by autumn (27.3%). A total of 371 (0.56%) patients died. A total of 7,068 (10.6%) hospitalized patients with pathological histories were identified. The presence of BPD (coefficient = 1.6), CHD (coefficient = 1.2), diagnosis of pneumonia (coefficient = 1.2), in-hospital complications (coefficient = 2.1) and invasive medical procedures (coefficient = 15.7) were the most common factors that increased the length of hospital stay. Risk factors for in-hospital complications and mortality were invasive medical procedure (OR = 3.3 & 11.7), BPD (OR=1.8 & 1.6), CHD (OR = 4.6 & 3.4) and diagnosis of pneumonia (OR= 1.8 & 4.2).Conclusions: Risk factors for morbidity and mortality in patients hospitalized for VRIs are BPD and CHD, diagnosis of pneumonia and invasive medical procedure.

scholarly journals Hospitalizations for viral respiratory infections in children under 2 years of age: epidemiology and in-hospital complications

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessie Zurita-Cruz ◽  
Alejandro Gutierrez-Gonzalez ◽  
Leticia Manuel-Apolinar ◽  
José Esteban Fernández-Gárate ◽  
María Luisa Arellano-Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Medical Procedure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Invasive Medical Procedure ◽  
Viral Respiratory Infections ◽  
Complications And Mortality ◽  
Viral Respiratory

Abstract Background: Viral respiratory infections (VRIs) are a frequent cause of hospitalization in children under 24 months of age. A history of prematurity or heart disease may be a risk factor for complications in patients hospitalized for VRI. The objective was to describe epidemiological data for children hospitalized for IRV and aged 1 to 24 months and to identify risk factors for the presence of in-hospital complications and mortality over a period of 5 years. Methods : This was a cross-sectional study. Patients registered with VRI codes B974, J12, J120-J129X, J168, J17, J171, J178, J20, J203-J209, J21, J210, J211, J218, J219 (based on International Classification of Diseases [ICD-10]) from 2013 to 2017 were included. Three subanalyses were performed to compare (1) patients with pathological history (prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia [BPD] and congenital heart disease [CHD]), (2) diagnoses (pneumonia, acute bronchitis, and acute bronchiolitis), and (3) admission to the pediatric intensive care unit. Days of hospital stay, in-hospital complications, invasive medical procedure and mortality were analyzed. Statistical analysis : VRI hospitalization prevalence was described. For comparison between groups, Student's t-test, ANOVA and the Chi2 test were applied. To identify factors related to days of hospital stay, in-hospital complications and mortality, a linear and logistic regression model was performed. Results: A total of 66,304 hospitalizations were reported. The average age was 14.7 weeks; hospitalization events were higher in winter (39%), followed by autumn (27.3%). A total of 371 (0.56%) patients died. A total of 7,068 (10.6%) hospitalized patients with pathological histories were identified. The presence of BPD (coefficient = 1.6), CHD (coefficient = 1.2), diagnosis of pneumonia (coefficient = 1.2), in-hospital complications (coefficient = 2.1) and invasive medical procedures (coefficient = 15.7) were the most common factors that increased the length of hospital stay. Risk factors for in-hospital complications and mortality were invasive medical procedure (OR = 3.3 & 11.7), BPD (OR=1.8 & 1.6), CHD (OR = 4.6 & 3.4) and diagnosis of pneumonia (OR= 1.8 & 4.2). Conclusions: Risk factors for morbidity and mortality in patients hospitalized for VRIs are BPD and CHD, diagnosis of pneumonia and invasive medical procedure.

scholarly journals Hospitalizations for viral respiratory infections in children under 2 years of age: epidemiology and in-hospital complications

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessie N. Zurita-Cruz ◽  
Alejandro Gutierrez-Gonzalez ◽  
Leticia Manuel-Apolinar ◽  
José Esteban Fernández-Gárate ◽  
María Luisa Arellano-Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Medical Procedure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Invasive Medical Procedure ◽  
Viral Respiratory Infections ◽  
Complications And Mortality ◽  
Viral Respiratory

Abstract Background Viral respiratory infections (VRIs) are a frequent cause of hospitalization in children under 24 months of age. A history of prematurity or heart disease may be a risk factor for complications in patients hospitalized for VRI. The objective was to describe epidemiological data for children hospitalized for IRV and aged 1 to 24 months and to identify risk factors for the presence of in-hospital complications and mortality over a period of 5 years. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. Patients registered with VRI codes B974, J12, J120-J129X, J168, J17, J171, J178, J20, J203-J209, J21, J210, J211, J218, J219 (based on International Classification of Diseases [ICD-10]) from 2013 to 2017 were included. Three subanalyses were performed to compare [1] patients with pathological history (prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia [BPD] and congenital heart disease [CHD]), [2] diagnoses (pneumonia, acute bronchitis, and acute bronchiolitis), and [3] admission to the pediatric intensive care unit. Days of hospital stay, in-hospital complications, invasive medical procedure and mortality were analyzed. Statistical analysis: VRI hospitalization prevalence was described. For comparison between groups, Student’s t-test, ANOVA and the Chi2 test were applied. To identify factors related to days of hospital stay, in-hospital complications and mortality, a linear and logistic regression model was performed. Results A total of 66,304 hospitalizations were reported. The average age was 14.7 weeks; hospitalization events were higher in winter (39%), followed by autumn (27.3%). A total of 371 (0.56%) patients died. A total of 7068 (10.6%) hospitalized patients with pathological histories were identified. The presence of BPD (coefficient = 1.6), CHD (coefficient = 1.2), diagnosis of pneumonia (coefficient = 1.2), in-hospital complications (coefficient = 2.1) and invasive medical procedures (coefficient = 15.7) were the most common factors that increased the length of hospital stay. Risk factors for in-hospital complications and mortality were invasive medical procedure (OR = 3.3 & 11.7), BPD (OR = 1.8 & 1.6), CHD (OR = 4.6 & 3.4) and diagnosis of pneumonia (OR = 1.8 & 4.2). Conclusions Risk factors for morbidity and mortality in patients hospitalized for VRIs are BPD and CHD, diagnosis of pneumonia and invasive medical procedure.

scholarly journals Hospitalizations for viral respiratory infections in children under 2 years of age: epidemiology and in-hospital complications

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessie Zurita-Cruz ◽  
Alejandro Gutierrez-Gonzalez ◽  
Leticia Manuel-Apolinar ◽  
José Esteban Fernández-Gárate ◽  
María Luisa Arellano-Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Viral Respiratory

Abstract Summary Background Viral respiratory infection (VRI) is a frequent cause of hospitalization in children under 24 months of age. Prematurity or heart disease histories may be risk factors for complications in patients hospitalized for VRI.Objective To describe the epidemiological data of pediatric patients 1 to 24 months of age who were hospitalized for VRI and identify risk factors for the presence of in-hospital complications over a period of 5 years.Methods This was a cross-sectional study. The database was compiled by doctors, electronically validated by engineers and analyzed by statisticians. Patients with VRI (based on International Classification of Diseases [ICD-10] codes B974, J12, J120-J129X, J168, J17, J171, J178, J20, J203-J209, J21, J210, J211, J218, J219, J22X, and J189) from 2013 to 2017 were registered. The patients were classified into 2 groups according to the absence or presence of a history of prematurity (P070, P072, P073), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (P271) and congenital heart disease (CHD) (Q20-Q26). Length of hospital stay, in-hospital complications, surgical procedures and mortality were analyzed.Statistical analysis The prevalence of hospitalization for VRI was described. For comparisons between the groups, Student's t-tests and chi2 tests were applied. To identify the factors related to in-hospital complications and mortality, a logistic regression model was constructed.Results A total of 69,093 hospitalizations were reported. The average age of patients was 14.17 weeks. The number of hospitalization events in winter was the highest (38.9%), followed by autumn (27.3%). A total of 408 (0.59%) patients died. A total of 7,496 hospitalized patients with comorbidities were identified. Surgical procedures (OR = 16.66 & 16.64) and comorbidities (OR = 4.29 & 4.58) were risk factors for in-hospital complications and mortality.Conclusions The risk factors for morbidity and mortality in patients hospitalized for VRI were a history of prematurity, BPD and CHD, as well as some type of surgical procedure during hospitalization.

scholarly journals Hospitalizations for viral respiratory infections in children under 2 years of age: epidemiology and in-hospital complications

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessie Zurita-Cruz ◽  
Alejandro Gutierrez-Gonzalez ◽  
Leticia Manuel-Apolinar ◽  
José Esteban Fernández-Gárate ◽  
María Luisa Arellano-Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Viral Respiratory

Abstract Background Viral respiratory infection (VRI) is a frequent cause of hospitalization in children under 24 months of age. Prematurity or heart disease histories may be risk factors for complications in patients hospitalized for VRI.Objective To describe the epidemiological data of pediatric patients 1 to 24 months of age who were hospitalized for VRI and identify risk factors for the presence of in-hospital complications over a period of 5 years.Methods This was a cross-sectional study. The database was compiled by doctors, electronically validated by engineers and analyzed by statisticians. Patients with VRI (based on International Classification of Diseases [ICD-10] codes B974, J12, J120-J129X, J168, J17, J171, J178, J20, J203-J209, J21, J210, J211, J218, J219, J22X, and J189) from 2013 to 2017 were registered. The patients were classified into 2 groups according to the absence or presence of a history of prematurity (P070, P072, P073), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (P271) and congenital heart disease (CHD) (Q20-Q26). Length of hospital stay, in-hospital complications, surgical procedures and mortality were analyzed.Statistical analysis The prevalence of hospitalization for VRI was described. For comparisons between the groups, Student's t-tests and chi 2 tests were applied. To identify the factors related to in-hospital complications and mortality, a logistic regression model was constructed.Results A total of 69,093 hospitalizations were reported. The average age of patients was 14.17 weeks. The number of hospitalization events in winter was the highest (38.9%), followed by autumn (27.3%). A total of 408 (0.59%) patients died. A total of 7,496 hospitalized patients with comorbidities were identified. Surgical procedures (OR = 16.66 & 16.64) and comorbidities (OR = 4.29 & 4.58) were risk factors for in-hospital complications and mortality.Conclusions The risk factors for morbidity and mortality in patients hospitalized for VRI were a history of prematurity, BPD and CHD, as well as some type of surgical procedure during hospitalization.

scholarly journals Predictive modeling of COVID-19 case growth highlights evolving racial and ethnic risk factors in Tennessee and Georgia

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. e100349
Author(s):  
Jamieson D Gray ◽  
Coleman R Harris ◽  
Lukasz S Wylezinski ◽  
Charles F Spurlock, III
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Model Accuracy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Localized Patterns ◽  
Viral Respiratory Infections ◽  
Racial Demographics ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Viral Respiratory

IntroductionThe SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic has exposed the need to understand the risk drivers that contribute to uneven morbidity and mortality in US communities. Addressing the community-specific social determinants of health (SDOH) that correlate with spread of SARS-CoV-2 provides an opportunity for targeted public health intervention to promote greater resilience to viral respiratory infections.MethodsOur work combined publicly available COVID-19 statistics with county-level SDOH information. Machine learning models were trained to predict COVID-19 case growth and understand the social, physical and environmental risk factors associated with higher rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Tennessee and Georgia counties. Model accuracy was assessed comparing predicted case counts to actual positive case counts in each county.ResultsThe predictive models achieved a mean R2 of 0.998 in both states with accuracy above 90% for all time points examined. Using these models, we tracked the importance of SDOH data features over time to uncover the specific racial demographic characteristics strongly associated with COVID-19 incidence in Tennessee and Georgia counties. Our results point to dynamic racial trends in both states over time and varying, localized patterns of risk among counties within the same state. For example, we find that African American and Asian racial demographics present comparable, and contrasting, patterns of risk depending on locality.ConclusionThe dichotomy of demographic trends presented here emphasizes the importance of understanding the unique factors that influence COVID-19 incidence. Identifying these specific risk factors tied to COVID-19 case growth can help stakeholders target regional interventions to mitigate the burden of future outbreaks.

scholarly journals The lung–gut axis during viral respiratory infections: the impact of gut dysbiosis on secondary disease outcomes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentin Sencio ◽  
Marina Gomes Machado ◽  
François Trottein
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Disease Outcomes ◽  
And Function ◽  
Viral Respiratory Infections ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Viral Respiratory

AbstractBacteria that colonize the human gastrointestinal tract are essential for good health. The gut microbiota has a critical role in pulmonary immunity and host’s defense against viral respiratory infections. The gut microbiota’s composition and function can be profoundly affected in many disease settings, including acute infections, and these changes can aggravate the severity of the disease. Here, we discuss mechanisms by which the gut microbiota arms the lung to control viral respiratory infections. We summarize the impact of viral respiratory infections on the gut microbiota and discuss the potential mechanisms leading to alterations of gut microbiota’s composition and functions. We also discuss the effects of gut microbial imbalance on disease outcomes, including gastrointestinal disorders and secondary bacterial infections. Lastly, we discuss the potential role of the lung–gut axis in coronavirus disease 2019.

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