scholarly journals Sex Differences in Depressive Symptom Networks Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in South Korea: A Network Comparison Test

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiyoung Lee ◽  
Xiao Hu
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Network Comparison ◽  
Comparison Test ◽  
Concentration Difficulty ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract This cross-sectional study investigated the sex differences in depressive symptom networks among community-dwelling older adults in Korea. The analysis was based on the 2019 Korean Community Health Survey data targeting older adults aged 65 years or older. Using network analysis, depressive symptom networks were constructed according to the items listed in the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for propensity score-matched male (n = 1,885) and female groups (n = 2,848). Strength centrality and network stability were tested. A network comparison test was performed to compare the global strength, network structure, and specific edge strength between the networks. Symptoms central to the network were similar between sexes, which were suicidal ideation, hopelessness, and psychomotor retardation/agitation. However, the global structure (S = 0.67, p = .008) and network structure (M = 0.11, p = .043) differed between sexes. The female symptom network showed more strengthened edges (Smale = 2.00; Sfemale = 2.66). Particularly, four edges—loss of interest–hopelessness (E = 0.09, p = .016), sleep disturbance–low energy/fatigue (E = 0.11, p = .005), loss of interest–concentration difficulty (E = 0.05, p = .047), and worthlessness–concentration difficulty (E = 0.08, p = .045)—were more pronounced in the female network. Our results may help guide future research and clinical interventions for female depression.

The Role of Pet Ownership and Attachment in Older Adults

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deidre Watt ◽  
Nancy A. Pachana
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Clinical Work ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Pet Ownership ◽  
Pet Attachment ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

AbstractAustralia is preparing for a population increase in persons aged over 65 years, which will likely result in increased mental health needs for this group. Sub-clinical levels of depression, anxiety and loneliness are common in older adults. Older adults are also more likely than any other age group to live alone. Research has suggested that older adults living on their own often report companion animals as providing important social support. Thirty-two community-dwelling older adults, between 60 and 75+ years of age, took part in this study examining attachment to pets in an older cohort. Previous or current pet ownership was a requirement for inclusion in the study in order to account for possible bias of nonpet owners on reporting pets as a positive influence on wellbeing. Results found support for the psychometric properties of a relatively new attachment scale designed for older adults. Results also indicated limited support for a relationship between pet attachment and quality of life in the study group. Implications for clinical work with older adults and areas for future research are discussed.

Racial and Sex Differences in Associations Between Activities of Daily Living and Cognition in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 2174-2180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie L. Garrett ◽  
Patricia Sawyer ◽  
Richard E. Kennedy ◽  
Dawn McGuire ◽  
Roger P. Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Dosage and Efficacy in Behavioral Interventions With Community Dwelling Older Adults: Lifestyle Redesign Revisited

2020 ◽  
pp. 073346482091133
Author(s):  
David Schelly ◽  
Alisha Ohl ◽  
Ramona Nadres
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Selection Effect ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Well Elderly ◽  
Intent To Treat ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Objectives: Behavioral interventions with community dwelling older adults often utilize multiple modes of treatment, which contributes to variation in participation and high rates of nonadherence. The objective of this report was to assess the treatment efficacy of one such study. Methods: We conducted an as-treated analysis of the Well Elderly II trial, where 322 individuals underwent 6 months of individual and group treatment and participated in community outings. We utilized inferential and graphical methods to assess the relationship between treatment received and depression change. Results: Individual treatment and community outings had similar small indirect effects on depressive symptoms, but a selection effect was present for individual treatment, where individuals with high baseline depression scores were the most likely to participate. Discussion: The results provide nuance that is unavailable using intent-to-treat. Future research should expand on our methods for as-treated analyses after intent-to-treat has shown aggregate improvements.

Depressive symptom complexes of community-dwelling older adults: a latent network model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martino Belvederi Murri ◽  
Luigi Grassi ◽  
Rosangela Caruso ◽  
Maria Giulia Nanni ◽  
Luigi Zerbinati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
Network Model ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

scholarly journals Sex Differences In Impact of Sarcopenia On Falls In Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Won Won ◽  
Yunsoo Soh
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Adjusted Model ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background: Falls are one of the most serious health problems among older adults. Sarcopenia is characterized by a decrease in muscle mass, strength, and physical function. Due to potentially age-related conditions, both falls and sarcopenia have common risk factors. However, the association between sarcopenia and falls is controversial.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we used data from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study; 2,323 community-dwelling older adults (1,111 men and 1,212 women) aged 70–84 years were recruited in this cross-sectional study. To evaluate sarcopenia, the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) diagnostic algorithm was used. We compared the faller and non-faller groups. Unadjusted and fully adjusted logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship between sarcopenia and falls.Results: A total of 239 (24.1%) women in the faller group had a history of falls in the past year, which was statistically higher than that in men (176, 15.8%). In the fully adjusted model, handgrip strength (odds ratio [OR]=1.508, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.028–2.211), short physical performance battery (OR=2.068, 95% CI=1.308–3.271), and 4-m walking speed (OR=3.499, 95% CI=2.044–5.991) were significantly lower in the male faller group. However, the female faller group only showed a significantly low appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (OR=1.419, 95% CI=1.058–1.903) in the fully adjusted model.Conclusions: This large cohort study aimed to identify the incidence of sarcopenia in older Korean population using the AWGS diagnostic algorithm and its correlation with falls. The incidence of falls did not increase in the sarcopenia group. Among the sarcopenia components, sex differences affect the a history of falls. Therefore, when studying the risk of falls in old age, sex differences should be considered.

scholarly journals Association of physical fitness with quality of life in community-dwelling older adults aged 80 and over in Poland: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewelina Lepsy ◽  
Ewa Radwańska ◽  
Grzegorz Żurek ◽  
Alina Żurek ◽  
Antonina Kaczorowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background Aging is a progressive and irreversible process that negatively affects the quality of life (QOL). Older adults face difficulties related to worsening health, lowering the level of physical and mental efficiency. We aimed to analyze the associations between physical fitness and QOL in Polish older adults considering sex differences. Methods This cross-sectional study was performed from March to August 2015. The sample consisted of 100 community-dwelling adults (67 women, 33 men) with a mean age of 82.94 ± 2.67 years. The World Health Organization QOL, Short Form questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF), and the Fullerton Functional Fitness Test (FFFT) were used. Biometric data, social and environmental situation, nutritional and lifestyle behaviors have been also collected using a questionnaire designed by the authors. Results The results obtained in individual domains of WHOWOL-BREF indicate a good level of QOL in all the examined domains. Statistically significant sex differences were obtained in physical (p = 0.01), psychological (p = 0.04) and environmental (p = 0.02) domains in WHOQOL-BREF. It was noted that men perform better in terms of the upper (arm curl, p < 0.001) and lower body strength (chair stand, p = 0.01), aerobic endurance (two-minute step test, p < 0.001), agility and dynamic balance (up and go test, p < 0.001) in FFFT. Conclusions Community-dwelling older adults aged 80–93 years in Poland present a good level of QOL, and the higher score was obtained in men. Also, men presented better physical fitness, showed a higher level of independence in daily activities, and assessed better their own QOL than women.

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