scholarly journals Snow Algae Blooming Are Benefitable for Microinvertebrates Assemblages (Tardigrada and Rotifera) on the Seasonal Snow Patches in Japan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Ono ◽  
Nozomu Takeuchi ◽  
Krzysztof Zawierucha
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Microscopic Observation ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
High Biomass ◽  
Snow Algae ◽  
Seasonal Snow ◽  
Novel Habitat ◽  
Melting Season ◽  
Northern Japan

Abstract Although studies on snow algae and macroinvertebrates have been frequently conducted on snow patches, no attention have been paid to ubiquitous microinvertebrates which in other cold habitats reach high biomass and play various trophic roles. The aim of this study was to search microinvertebrates in seasonal snow patches in Mt. Gassan, in northern Japan, and identify factors determining their distribution associated with snow algal blooming of various coloration (red, green, and yellow). Microscopic observation revealed presence of two major groups of microinvertebrates Tardigrada and Rotifera. Tardigrades and rotifers were the most abundant and frequent in green snow formed by blooming of Chloromonas sp., but few in red or yellow snow. Body length of tardigrades increased through the melting season and animals laid eggs on colored snow. These results suggest tardigrades successfully grew and reproduced on snow patches. Taking into account the presence of tardigrades and rotifers mostly in green snow (only few found in red and yellow) with high densities, we may assume green snow patches constitute important and unique low-temperature ecosystems for microinvertebrates in a temperate mountainous forest. Area of snow algae blooming worldwide are unrecognized novel habitat for tardigrades and rotifers.

scholarly journals Snow algae blooms are beneficial for microinvertebrates assemblages (Tardigrada and Rotifera) on seasonal snow patches in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Ono ◽  
Nozomu Takeuchi ◽  
Krzysztof Zawierucha
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
High Biomass ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Snow Algae ◽  
Seasonal Snow ◽  
Algae Blooms ◽  
Surface Snow ◽  
Northern Japan

AbstractAlthough studies on snow algae and macroinvertebrates have been frequently conducted on snow patches, only few surveys have been focused on microinvertebrates which reach high biomass and play various trophic roles in other cold habitats. The aims of this study were (1) to search for microinvertebrates in seasonal surface snow patches located on the slope of Mt. Gassan, in northern Japan, and (2) to identify factors determining their distribution associated with snow algal blooms of various colorations (orange, green, and golden-brown) collected from the same sampling site over two seasons (2018, 2019). Microscopic observation revealed presence of two major groups of microinvertebrates: Tardigrada and Rotifera. They were concentrated in green snow colored by blooms of Chloromonas sp. in comparison to orange or golden-brown snow and only a few were found in white snow. Mean body length of tardigrades increased throughout the melt season, their intestine content was green and they laid eggs on colored snow. These results suggest that tardigrades preferentially grew and reproduced on green snow patches. Population densities of tardigrades, rotifers and concentration of chlorophyll a were significantly correlated. Our study indicates that green snow patches in temperate mountainous forests constitute important and unique low-temperature ecosystems for microinvertebrates. Snow covered by algae is an unrecognized novel habitats for tardigrades and rotifers.

scholarly journals Distribution and Morphometrical Variations of Stingless Bees (Apidae: Meliponini) In Urban and Forest Areas of Penang Island, Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Suhaila Ab Hamid ◽  
Mohammad Sharifuddin Salleh ◽  
Kumara Thevan ◽  
Nur Aida Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Stingless Bees ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Stingless Bee ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Significant Difference

Stingless bees from four different places in Penang, northern peninsular Malaysia includingUniversiti Sains Malaysia campus(USM), Botanical Garden, Balik Pulau and Teluk Bahang weresampled randomly and identified. A total of six species of stingless bee were successfully recorded; Heterotrigona itama, Lepidotrigona terminata, Tetrigona apicalis, Tetragonula iridipennis, Tetragonula laeviceps, and Tetragonula pagdeni. Heterotrigona itama is the most abundance species in both urban and forest area. Their hive can be found in all study areas. The results showed that Balik Pulau (forest) had the most diverse stingless bee species (5 species) compared to other selected sites. Morphometrical studies comprising fifteen characters of H.itama were measured. There were significant difference for H. itama body length and appendages between samples collected from urban and forest areas. H.itama in forest areas have larger body size compared to those in the urban area. Overall, stingless bees in urban areas was less diverse compared to forest area

scholarly journals Mid-late Flowering, High Biomass Yielding Whole Crop Silage Rice Cultivar ‘Nokwoo’ Improved an Early Growth and Germination at Low Temperature

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-272
Author(s):  
Eok-Keun Ahn ◽  
Eung-Gi Jeong ◽  
Sang-Bok Lee ◽  
Yong-Hwan Choi ◽  
Chang-Ihn Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
High Biomass ◽  
Late Flowering

scholarly journals Biomass productivity of snow algae and model production algae under low temperature and low light conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 133-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel P. Geller ◽  
K.C. Das ◽  
Thomas Bagby-Moon ◽  
Manjinder Singh ◽  
Gary Hawkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Biomass Productivity ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Snow Algae

scholarly journals Dynamics of ionic species in Svalbard annual snow: the effects of rain event and melting

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Barbaro ◽  
Cristiano Varin ◽  
Xanthi Pedeli ◽  
Jean Marc Christille ◽  
Torben Kirchgeorg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Ionic Species ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Rain Event ◽  
Chemical Signal ◽  
Svalbard Archipelago ◽  
Seasonal Snow ◽  
Melting Season

Abstract. The Arctic and middle latitude (such as the Alps) ice core archives, except for the Greenland summit, are strongly influenced by melting processes, able to modify the original chemical signal of the annual snowfall. In the last decades, the increase of the average Arctic temperature has caused and enhanced surface snow melting in the higher ice cap, especially in the Svalbard Archipelago. The increase of the frequency and altitude of winter “rain on snow” events as well as the increase of the length of the melting season has a direct impact on the chemical composition of the seasonal and permanent snow layers due to different migration processes of water-soluble compounds, such as ionic species. The re-allocation along the snowpack of ionic species could significantly modify the original chemical signal present in the annual snow, making comprehensive interpretation of climate records difficult. The chemical composition of the first 100 cm of the seasonal snow at Austre Brøggerbreen Glacier (Spitsbergen, Svalbard Islands, Norway) was monitored daily from the 27th of March until to the 31st of May 2015. The experiment period covers almost the entire Arctic spring until the melting season. During the experiment, a rain event occurred on the 16th to 17th of April while from the 15th of May the snowpack reached an isothermal profile. The presented dataset is unique and helps to better understand the behaviour of cations (K+, Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+), anions (Br−, I−, SO42−, NO3−, Cl−, MSA) and two carboxylic acids (C2-glycolic and C5-glutaric acids) in the snowpack during this melting period. The results obtained from the experiment give us an overview of how the chemicals are remobilized in the snowpack during a rain event or due to the melting at the end of the spring season. The aim of this paper is to give a picture of the evolution of the seasonal snow strata with the aim to better understand the processes that can influence the chemical distribution in the annual snow. The results of the present work are unique and helpful for future analyses and interpretation of ice core paleoclimatic archives.

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