scholarly journals Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD): Pathomorphological Features and Molecular Detection in Dairy Cattle of West Coastal India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivasharanappa Nayakvadi ◽  
Samruddhi Prasad Joshi ◽  
Susitha Rajkumar ◽  
Chethan Kumar H. B. ◽  
Jagruti Bathini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Disease ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Cattle Population ◽  
Vacuolar Degeneration ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
P32 Gene ◽  
Pcr Targeting ◽  
Rpo30 Gene

Abstract Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an emerging pox viral disease affecting cattle population worldwide. In India, the first outbreak of LSD is reported during August 2019 in Odisha state, which then followed by outbreaks in crossbred and indigenous cattle population of other states. Present investigation designed to study the prevalence, pathomorphological changes and molecular detection of LSD virus in naturally infected cattle. The overall morbidity of LSD was 4.48% among 30 dairy farms. Skin nodular biopsy, whole blood and serum samples (n= 66) were collected for the diagnosis of LSD by histopathology, PCR and sequencing. The envelope protein gene (P32), Fusion protein (F) and DNA dependent RNA polymerase 30 kDa subunit (RPO30) genes were targeted for PCR testing. Out of 66, 46 cattle showed generalized skin nodules and papules of various sizes (0.5 - 6.5cm) on the skin particularly at neck, face, nose, tail, perineum and udder. Microscopic examination of the skin nodule biopsy tissue revealed presence of diffuse granulomatous inflammation, hyperkeratosis, focal to diffuse vasculitis and lymphangitis, vacuolar degeneration, spongiosis and acanthosis. The inflammatory cells typically comprised of macrophages, lymphocytes, neutrophils and eosinophils along with diffuse necrosis in dermis in chronic cases. The eosinophilic intracytoplasmic viral inclusions in keratinocytes and epithelial cells were detected in few cases. Gel-PCR assay detected P32 gene in 83%, F gene in 72% and RPO30 gene in 77% of skin biopsy samples. Three blood samples were also found positive for P32 gene by PCR. Whereas TaqMan™ probe Real Time PCR targeting EEV glycoprotein gene (LSDV126) detected LSDV in 94% of biopsy samples and three blood samples which indicated its higher sensitive for the diagnosis of LSDV. Phylogenetic analysis of RPO30 gene sequence showed that the isolates from this study were grouped in same cluster with LSDV isolates of Bangladesh, Kenya and other Indian isolates detected during 2019-20.

scholarly journals Lumpy skin disease (LSD): Pathomorphological features and molecular detection in dairy cattle of west coastal India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivasharanappa Nayakvadi ◽  
Samruddhi Prasad Joshi ◽  
Susitha Rajkumar ◽  
ChethanKumar HB ◽  
Jagruti Bathini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Disease ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Cattle Population ◽  
Vacuolar Degeneration ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
P32 Gene ◽  
Pcr Targeting ◽  
Rpo30 Gene

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an emerging pox viral disease affecting cattle population worldwide. In India, the first outbreak of LSD is reported during August 2019 in Odisha state, which then followed by outbreaks in crossbred and indigenous cattle population of other states. Present investigation designed to study the prevalence, pathomorphological changes and molecular detection of LSD virus in naturally infected cattle. The overall morbidity of LSD was 4.48% among 30 dairy farms. Skin nodular biopsy, whole blood and serum samples (n= 66) were collected for the diagnosis of LSD by histopathology, PCR and sequencing. The envelope protein gene (P32), Fusion protein (F) and DNA dependent RNA polymerase 30 kDa subunit (RPO30) genes were targeted for PCR testing. Out of 66, 46 cattle showed generalized skin nodules and papules of various sizes (0.5 - 6.5cm) on the skin particularly at neck, face, nose, tail, perineum and udder. Microscopic examination of the skin nodule biopsy tissue revealed presence of diffuse granulomatous inflammation, hyperkeratosis, focal to diffuse vasculitis and lymphangitis, vacuolar degeneration, spongiosis and acanthosis. The inflammatory cells typically comprised of macrophages, lymphocytes, neutrophils and eosinophils along with diffuse necrosis in dermis in chronic cases. The eosinophilic intracytoplasmic viral inclusions in keratinocytes and epithelial cells were detected in few cases. Gel-PCR assay detected P32 gene in 83%, F gene in 72% and RPO30 gene in 77% of skin biopsy samples. Three blood samples were also found positive for P32 gene by PCR. Whereas TaqMan™ probe Real Time PCR targeting EEV glycoprotein gene (LSDV126) detected LSDV in 94% of biopsy samples and three blood samples which indicated its higher sensitive for the diagnosis of LSDV. Phylogenetic analysis of RPO30 gene sequence showed that the isolates from this study were grouped in same cluster with LSDV isolates of Bangladesh, Kenya and other Indian isolates detected during 2019-20.

scholarly journals Serum Biochemistry of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus-Infected Cattle

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Şevik ◽  
Oğuzhan Avci ◽  
Müge Doğan ◽  
Ömer Barış İnce
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Infected Cattle ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease Virus ◽  
Serum Biochemical

Lumpy skin disease is an economically important poxvirus disease of cattle. Vaccination is the main method of control but sporadic outbreaks have been reported in Turkey. This study was carried out to determine the changes in serum biochemical values of cattle naturally infected with lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV). For this study, blood samples in EDTA, serum samples, and nodular skin lesions were obtained from clinically infected animals (n=15) whereas blood samples in EDTA and serum samples were collected from healthy animals (n=15). A quantitative real-time PCR method was used to detectCapripoxvirus(CaPV) DNA in clinical samples. A real-time PCR high-resolution melt assay was performed to genotype CaPVs. Serum cardiac, hepatic, and renal damage markers and lipid metabolism products were measured by autoanalyzer. LSDV nucleic acid was detected in all samples which were obtained from clinically infected cattle. The results of serum biochemical analysis showed that aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total protein, and creatinine concentrations were markedly increased in serum from infected animals. However, there were no significant differences in the other biochemical parameters evaluated. The results of the current study suggest that liver and kidney failures occur during LSDV infection. These findings may help in developing effective treatment strategies in LSDV infection.

scholarly journals Molecular detection of lumpy skin disease virus in cattle by polymerase chain reaction in Iraq

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khitam Mahdi Mhemid
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease Virus ◽  
Polymerase Chain

     This study is conducted to detect lumpy skin disease virus in Babylon, Al-Qadysia and Al-Muthana governorate during autumn 2014 using conventional polymerase chain reaction. A total of 150 specimens: 50 whole blood samples, 50 skin nodular biopsies and 50 tick samples were collected from infected animals of different breeds, genders and ages during lumpy skin disease outbreak. The results revealed that 104 cases (69.33%) were positive for lumpy skin disease virus by using polymerase chain reaction, with significant (P<0.05) differences between positive and negative cases. Out of 50 blood samples, 22 cases (44%) were positive for lumpy skin disease virus. The nodular skin samples collected from slaughtered animals showed 36 positive cases (72%), whereas 46 tick samples (92%) were positive for the disease, with significant (P<0.05) difference among them. According to gender, the finding showed significant results of lumpy skin disease in females (78.78%). It was recorded that higher percentage of positive cases was found in Friesian cattle (100%), crossbreed (73.58%) while native breed was (50.76%) with significant (P<0.05) difference among them. Regarding age groups, the results showed that all ages were susceptible to lumpy skin disease and significantly not different.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of naturally occurring lumpy skin disease virus infection in cattle using virological, molecular, and immunohistopathological assays

2021 ◽  
pp. 2230-2237
Author(s):  
Dawlat M. Amin ◽  
Gehan Shehab ◽  
Rawhya Emran ◽  
Rabab T. Hassanien ◽  
Gehan N. Alagmy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Disease ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Chorioallantoic Membrane ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Infected Cattle ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease ◽  
Skin Nodule

Background and Aim: Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a contagious viral disease that has great economic losses among Egyptian breeding flocks. The present study was designed to compare the results of different diagnostic approaches used for the diagnosis of LSD virus (LSDV). Materials and Methods: A total of 73 skin nodule samples were collected from suspected infected cattle with LSDV from some Egyptian governorates during 2019 and 2020. Trials for virus isolation (VI) and identification on embryonated chicken eggs (ECEs) were conducted. Molecular detection, histopathological, and immunohistochemical examination were also conducted. Results: The virus was isolated into ECEs, and 58 samples of 73 were positive and gave a characteristic pock lesion on the chorioallantoic membrane. Twenty-two representative nodular skin specimens of the 58 positive samples were selected to be used for molecular, histopathological, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) diagnosis. Conventional polymerase chain reaction succeeded in detecting LSDV DNA in all tested 22 skin nodule samples. Histological examination of skins of different cases revealed various alterations depending on the stage of infection. IHC was used as a confirmatory test for detecting LSDV antigen in the tissues of the skin nodules of infected cattle using specific anti-LSDV antibodies. Lumpy skin viral antigen was detected within the cytoplasm of the epidermal basal cells layer and prickle cell and within the cytoplasm of the hair follicles' epithelial outer and inner roots. Conclusion: This study confirmed the prevalence of LSDV infection in different Egyptian governorates during 2019 and 2020. In addition, histopathology and IHC could be potential methods to confirm Lumpy skin disease infection besidesVI and molecular detection.

scholarly journals Lumpy skin disease outbreak in cattle population of Chattogram, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farazi Muhammad Yasir Hasib ◽  
Mohammad Sirazul Islam ◽  
Tridip Das ◽  
Eaftekhar Ahmed Rana ◽  
Mohammad Helal Uddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Disease ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Cattle Population ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease

scholarly journals Molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of lumpy skin disease virus from outbreaks in Uganda 2017–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvester Ochwo ◽  
Kimberly VanderWaal ◽  
Christian Ndekezi ◽  
Joseph Nkamwesiga ◽  
Anna Munsey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease Virus
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