scholarly journals Cultural Use of Homegarden Plants in an Indigenous Community in North West Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Metsehet Yinebeb ◽  
Ermias Lulekal ◽  
Tamrat Bekele
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
High Species Diversity ◽  
Cordia Africana

Abstract Background; The floristic composition of homegardens in Northwest Ethiopia in general, and the Gozamin district in particular, has received little research attention. The purpose of this research is to better understand the floristic composition and cultural significance of homegardens. Methods; Stratified random sampling procedure was used based on agroecological variation in selected kebeles. The homegarden data were collected by dividing the homegarden into four quadrats, the first quadrat stretched from the farmer’s home to 10m, the second quadrat from10m to 20m, the third quadrat from 20m to 30m and the fourth quadrat from 30m to 40m horizontally using farmer’s house as reference depending on the size of the garden. A semi-structured interview was carried out to document the informant’s knowledge on plant species.Results; A total of 238 culturally important plant species from 81 families were identified. Of these 39% were herbs,29% shrubs, 6% were climbers. Perennials made up the largest part of cultivated species (83%), whereas annuals made up the rest (17%). The Poaceae family had the foremost species, with 22, taken after by the Fabaceae, which had 21, and the Asteraceae which had 15. From these recorded plants,140(58.6%) were species utilized for environmental uses, 84(35%) food crops, 83(34.7%) medicinal plant species, 39(16.3%) fodder species, 57(23.8%) material use plants, 60(25%) fuel wood species, 50(21%) social use plants and 1(0.4%) poisonous. The direct matrix ranking revealed that Cordia Africana was found a versatile culturally important plant in the area which was also extremely threatened, followed by Ficus sur. Cordia africana highest use-value was for Building and the list value was for medicinal. The Sorensen similarity index for 64 percent of the locations investigated was less than 0.5.Conclusion; The result showed that homegardens are multi-functional, long-term production systems. Food security and biodiversity conservation are continuously supported by tribal populations cultural knowledge connected with their homegardens. The less similarity/high species diversity in the area between kebeles indicated that there was high species diversity this was due to different range of agroecological conditions among kebeles.

scholarly journals Plant Community Analysis along Environmental Gradients in Moist Afromontane Forest of Gerba Dima, South-western Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abyot Dibaba Hundie ◽  
Teshome Soromessa Urgessa ◽  
Bikila Warkineh Dullo
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Community ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Community Types ◽  
Western Ethiopia

Abstract Background This study was carried out in Gerba Dima Forest, South-Western Ethiopia, to determine the floristic composition, species diversity and community types along environmental gradients. Ninety sample plots having a size of 25 × 25 m (625 m2) were laid by employing stratified random sampling. Nested plots were used to sample plants of different sizes and different environmental variables. All woody plant species with Diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 2.5 cm and height ≥ 1.5 m were recorded in 25 m X 25 m plots. Within the major plots, five 3 m x 3 m subplots (9 m2) was used to collect shrubs with dbh < 2.5 cm and > 1.5 m height. Within each 9 m2subplots, two 1 m2 subplots were used to collect data on the species and abundance of herbaceous plants. Hierarchical (agglomerative) cluster analysis was performed using the free statistical software R version 3.6.1 using package cluster to classify the vegetation into plant community types. Redundancy Analysis (RDA) ordination was used in describing the pattern of plant communities along an environmental gradient. Result One hundred and eighty plant species belonging to 145 genera, 69 families and comprising of 15 endemic species were recorded. Cluster analysis resulted in five different plant communities and this result was supported by the ordination result. RDA result showed altitude was the main environmental variable in determining the plant communities. The ANOVA test indicated that the five community types differ significantly from each other with regard to EC and K. Conclusions The studied forest can play a significant role in biodiversity conservation since it harbours high species diversity and richness. Thus, all Stakeholders including Oromia Forest and wildlife enterprise (OFWE) and the regional government should work to designate the forest as a biosphere reserve and being registered under UNESCO.

scholarly journals Conservation of Plant Species Diversity Based on Richness and Evenness Criteria in the Coastal Forests of Tanzania

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Cosmas Mligo
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Plant Species Diversity ◽  
Conservation Value ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspots ◽  
Coastal Forest ◽  
Coastal Forests ◽  
High Species Diversity ◽  
The Difference

Coastal forests of Tanzania are diverse in plant species that make them included as part of the 34 world biodiversity hotspots. It was’kaimed at determining plant species diversity, richness, and evenness and to identify the parameter that best defines plant species diversity of the coastal forests. Transect method was used for data collection; analysis of variance and multiple regression were used to analyze the vegetation data. The plant species diversity ranged from 2.26 to 2.77 in Kazimzumbwi, 2.31 to 2.46 in Pande, and 1.76 to 2.48 in the Zaraninge Forest that was significantly lower than those from other forests. Regardless of high species diversity in Kazimzumbwi it was recorded the lowest plant species evenness (0.485 to 0.490) and the difference of values among forests was not significant. The diversity was strongly positive correlated with both evenness and richness whereas perfect positive correlation (r =1) was observed with evenness and strong positively correlation existed with species richness in Zaraninge (r = 0.88), Pande (r = 0.91) and Kazimzumbwi forest (r =0.79). This implies that richness and evenness portrays different ecological interpretation and cannot be used interchangeably to describe the biodiversity value of the coastal forest ecosystem. Regression models showed that evenness significantly influenced the plant species diversity, whereas richness had insignificant influence. It can be concluded that the regression model is suitable to predict the trend of change in plant species diversity and evenness is the best predictor and an adequate measure of the coastal forests’ conservation value than richness.

scholarly journals Floristic composition and plant species diversity in and around the brickfield areas of Savar-Dhamrai region of Dhaka district

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 91-108
Author(s):  
Saiful Islam ◽  
Shayla Sharmin Shetu ◽  
Md Abdur Rahim ◽  
Saleh Ahammad Khan
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Natural Vegetation ◽  
Plant Species Diversity

This study has confirmed the occurrence of a total of 181 species of vascular plants under 133 genera and 51 families and estimates the plant species diversity in and around the brickfield areas of Savar-Dhamrai region of Dhaka district. Of these, six species were pteridophytes, 175 were Angiosperms, and 144 species were economically important. Five families, composed of six species, belonged to Pteridophyta, 40 families, consist of 128 species, to Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons) and six families, comprised of 47 species, to Liliopsida (monocotyledons). Total of 161 species were herbs, 14 were shrubs, and only six were trees. Asteraceae with 14 species and Poaceae with 24 species were the largest family in Magnoliopsida and Liliopsida, respectively. Amaranthus L., Persicaria (L.) Mill., Solanum L. and Lindernia All. with four species each were appeared as the best representative genera in Mangoliopsida, while Cyperus L. with five species in Liliopsida. The species composition and diversity of abandoned brickfields were found to be higher than those of functional brickfields. A total of 42 (23.20%) species were common in both abandoned and functional brickfields of this region. Species composition in the abandoned brickfields of Savar and Dhamrai was mostly similar (64.15%). This study suggests to control and monitor the brickfields under the respective authorities to favor the formation and regeneration of natural vegetation in their neighboring areas. Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 9(1 & 2): 91-108, 2020 (June & December)

scholarly journals Floristic composition of different habitats of indochinese silvered langur (Trachypithecus germaini) in the Chua Hang karst in Kien Luong district, Kien Giang province, Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Hong Thia ◽  
Hoang Minh Duc ◽  
Herbert Covert
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Plant Species Richness ◽  
The Other ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Simpson Index ◽  
Monkey Species ◽  
Leaf Monkey ◽  
Cayratia Trifolia

The Indochinese silvered langur (Trachypithecus germaini) is a leaf monkey species that occurs on four karst hills in the Kien Luong District, Kien Giang Province, Vietnam. In this study, the floristic composition of four habitats where the silvered langur were observed feeding was analyzed. These habitats include cliffs, slopes, the peak of the Chua Hang karst and the adjacent mangroves. We identified 185 plant species belonging to 61 families distributing across the habitats, and the silvered langurs fed on 60 plant species of 37 families. Among food plants selected by the silvered langur, 41 plant species were distributed on the cliff, followed by the slope (31 species), the peak (24 species), and the mangroves (4 species). The silvered langurs fed on about 67% of plant species on the cliff. Plant species richness of the slope areas was highest (at D=0.45, D: Simpson index, and d=20.0, d: Margalef index) compared with the other habitats. The floristic composition of the cliff, slope and peak was quite similar to each other, with the similarity index (SI) ranging from 0.47 to 0.56. The results showed that four plant species, Phyllathus reticulatus Poir, Ficus rumphii Blume, Streblus ilicifolia (Kurz.) Corn. and Cayratia trifolia L. were consumed throughout of the year. In summary, present results add important information for conservation of the Indochinese silvered langur in Vietnam. 

scholarly journals Human Disturbance Reduces Plant Species Diversity and Stability of Phyllostachys pubescens Forests

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Lei ◽  
Rong Chen ◽  
Renyi Gui ◽  
Jianshuang Gao
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Plant Species Diversity ◽  
Moso Bamboo ◽  
Phyllostachys Pubescens ◽  
Bamboo Forest ◽  
Disturbance Intensity ◽  
Richness Index ◽  
Severe Disturbance

Plant species diversity is an important index reflecting the functional complexity and stability of ecosystems. Human activity can completely alter plant species diversity and cause serious degradation of ecosystems but its impact on bamboo forest still lacks of systematic evaluation. In this study, we performed a field investigation to reveal the influences of human disturbances on the plant diversity and stability of Moso bamboo forests at Southern China. The selected bamboo fields contained different intensities of human activities that could be classified as slight, moderate and severe disturbance level. Species richness index S, Shannon-Wienner index H, Simpson index D, Pielou index Jsw, community similarity index IS and community stability index were employed to quantitatively evaluate the plant species diversity and stability. The survey revealed that there were 203 species belonging to 83 families and 108 genera in Moso bamboo forests. The number of plant species in the Moso bamboo forests decreased with the increasing of disturbance intensity. The species diversity indexes generally followed the order of slight > moderate > severe disturbance, as well as the richness index S, Shannon-Wienner index H and Pielou index Jsw. The similarity and species stability of the bamboo forest communities also decreased with the increase of the disturbance intensity. Under the severe disturbance, plant species replacement occurred strongly. The obtained results provide some a guideline for the sustainable management of bamboo forest.

scholarly journals Floristic composition of Jahangirnagar University Campus - A semi-natural area of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-60
Author(s):  
Saleh Ahammad Khan ◽  
Sharmin Sultana ◽  
Gazi Mosharof Hossain ◽  
Shayla Sharmin Shetu ◽  
Md Abdur Rahim
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Natural Area ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
The Family ◽  
Plant Taxon ◽  
Number Of Plant Species

This study represents comprehensive taxonomic information on current floristic composition in the semi-natural campus area of Jahangirnagar University. This study reveals that this campus area harbours a total of 917 species belonging to 574 genera and 145 families of vascular plants. 70.34% of these species are wild and the rest are cultivated/planted. 63.79% of the species are native and 36.21% are exotic to Bangladesh. Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms are represented by 22 and 12 species, respectively, whereas, Angiosperms by 883 species. Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons) and Liliopsida (monocotyledons) are composed of 618 and 265 species, respectively. The family Poaceae with 89 species is the largest, which is followed by Fabaceae with 44 species and Asteraceae with 40 species. Most of the species are herbs (56.16%) and growing in diverse habitats. All species are economically or ecologically important, but mostly as medicinal, ornamental, fodder and forage, fruit, vegetable, timber and fuel wood. The study area houses 15 plant species, previously listed as threatened to Bangladesh. Thus, the study area is floristically rich in respect to its number of plant species belonging to different groups and its size. This area might serve as a campus-based excellent center of biodiversity conservation by strengthening the existing management and adopting necessary policies and strategies. Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 28(1): 27-60, 2021 (June)

scholarly journals Local perceptions on the status, values and conservation and ethnobotanical implications of medicinal and multipurpose plants in and around selected church forests in central Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eguale Tadesse
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Central Ethiopia ◽  
The Status ◽  
Development Agents

Societies have varied attitude and perception on the forest resources nearby them. Ethnobotanical knowledge should be integrated with biophysical studies in order to be used for managing and conserving forests. The objectives of the study were to assess the existing knowledge about the uses of plant species and to examine the plant species. Three sites were selected around central Ethiopia encompassing three church forests. Focus group discussion, questionnaire-based social survey and vegetation inventory were undertaken. The focus group discussants were selected from traditional healers, elders of the society, development agents, and people who are knowledgably about the vegetation of the areas.  Voucher specimens were collected for those species difficult to identify . The data analysis was done by descriptive statistics using Excel 2010 and SPSS v20. The results indicated agricultural expansion, charcoal making and fuel wood as the major causes of deforestation in Site 1, Site 2 and Site 3 respectively. Religious preaching was stated by group discussants as the most effective solution to reverse the degradation and to protect the church forests. The plant species have varied uses as traditional medicine, food, construction wood, household utensils, and firewood but higher percent of the mentioned species were used either for human or livestock medicine. Sørensen similarity index indicated Site 1 and Site 2 have 12.5%, Site 1 and Site 3 have 10.9% and Site 2 and Site 3 have 43.5 % similarities. Documenting the wealth of indigenous knowledge and in situ conservation of the plant species are key recommendations. 

Coenotic role of bryophytes in the mountain-tundra communities of the plateau Siniy Dol (Kronotsky State Nature Reserve, Eastern Kamchatka)

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 345-359
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Kuzmina ◽  
M. S. Ovcharenko ◽  
V. Yu. Neshataeva
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Kamchatka Peninsula ◽  
Mountain Tundra ◽  
High Species Diversity ◽  
State Nature Reserve ◽  
State Nature

The coenotic role and floristic composition of bryophytes in mountain tundra communities of the plateau Siniy Dol (Kronotsky State Nature Reserve) were studied. Landscape and vegetation of this part of the reserve is significantly different from the adjacent areas, which are affected by modern volcanism. Dwarf-shrublichen mountain tundra communities are common for the territory. The following associations of the shrub mountain tundra were revealed: Empetretum vacciniosum, Dryadetum punctatae diapensiosum, Loiseleurietum procumbentis fruticulosum and Phyllodocetum caeruleae varioherbosum. The role of bryophytes in the species composition of the mountain tundra communities was analyzed. It is shown that bryophytes are characterized by rather high species diversity in the studied communities, but usually by a small abundance and a low coenotic role in the mountain tundra communities. The list includes 41 moss and 6 liverwort species. Several new species for the Kronotsky State Nature Reserve (Dicranum groenlandicum, Kiaeria blyttii, Oncophorus compactus, Lophozia silvicoloides) and some rare species for the Kamchatka Peninsula (Dicranum brevifolium, D. groenlandicum, Kiaeria blyttii, Lophozia silvicoloides, Warnstorfia tundrae) were found.

scholarly journals Plant Community Analysis along Environmental Gradients in Moist Afromontane Forest of Gerba Dima, South-western Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abyot Dibaba Hundie ◽  
Teshome Soromessa Urgessa ◽  
Bikila Warkineh Dullo
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Community ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Community Types ◽  
Western Ethiopia

Abstract Background: This study was carried out in Gerba Dima Forest, South-Western Ethiopia, to determine the floristic composition, species diversity and community types along environmental gradients. Ninety sample plots having a size of 25 X 25m (625m2) were laid by employing stratified random sampling. Nested plots were used to sample plants of different sizes and different environmental variables. All woody plant species with Diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 2.5 cm and height ≥ 1.5m were recorded in 25 m X 25 m plots. Hierarchical (agglomerative) cluster analysis was performed using the free statistical software R version 3.6.1 using package cluster to classify the vegetation into plant community types. Redundancy Analysis (RDA) ordination was used in describing the pattern of plant communities along an environmental gradient. Result: One hundred and eighty plant species belonging to 145 genera, 69 families and comprising of 15 endemic species were recorded. Of these, 52 species (28.9%) were trees, 6 species (3.33%) were Trees/shrubs, 31 species (17.22%) were shrubs, 76 species (42.22%) were herbs, and 15 species (8.33%) were Lianas. Rubiaceae, Acanthaceae and Asteraceae were the richest family each represented by 11 genera and 11 species (6.11%), 9 genera and 11 species (6.11%), 6 genera and 11 species (6.11%), respectively of total floristic composition. Cluster analysis resulted in five different plant communities and this result was supported by the ordination result. RDA result showed altitude was the main environmental variable in determining the plant communities. The ANOVA test indicated that the five community types differ significantly from each other with regard to Electrical Conductivity and Potassium. Conclusions: Description of floristic diversity of species in Gerba Dima forest revealed the presence of high species diversity and richness. The presence of endemic plant species in the study forest shows the potential of the area for biodiversity conservation.

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