scholarly journals Chaos Analysis of the Brain Topology in Grey Matter Images for the Recognition of Psychosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra I. Korda ◽  
Mihai Avram ◽  
Christina Andreou ◽  
Thomas Martinetz ◽  
Stefan Borgwardt
Keyword(s):  
Grey Matter ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Structural Mri ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Largest Lyapunov Exponent ◽  
Chaos Analysis ◽  
Spatial Series ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Voxel Intensity

Abstract Structural MRI studies in first-episode psychosis (FEP) and in clinical high risk (CHR) patients have consistently shown volumetric abnormalities in frontal, temporal, and cingulate cortex areas. The aim of the present study was to employ chaos analysis in the identification of people with psychosis. Structural MRI were acquired from 73 CHR, 77 FEP and 44 healthy controls (HC). Chaos analysis of the grey matter distribution was performed: first, the distances of each voxel from the center of mass in the grey matter image was calculated. Next, the distances multiplied by the voxel intensity was represented as a spatial-series, which then was analyzed by extracting the Largest-Lyapunov-Exponent (lambda). The lambda brain map depicts how the grey matter topology changes. The classification of a subject’s clinical status was finally predicted by a) comparing the lambda brain maps, which resulted in statistically significant differences in FEP and CHR compared to HC; and b) matching the lambda series with the Morlet wavelet, which resulted in 100% accuracy in distinguishing between FEP and CHR. The proposed framework using spatial-series extraction enhances the classification decision for FEP, CHR and HC subjects, verifies diagnosis-relevant features and may potentially contribute to the identification of structural biomarkers for psychosis.

VARIATION IN GREY MATTER VOLUME WITH DEGREE OF INSIGHT IN FIRST EPISODE PSYCHOSIS AND CHRONIC SCHIZOPHRENIA

2010 ◽  
Vol 117 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 340
Author(s):  
J. McFarland ◽  
D. Cannon ◽  
H. Schmidt ◽  
M. Ahmed ◽  
S. Hehir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grey Matter ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Grey Matter Volume ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
Episode Psychosis

scholarly journals O5.1. GREY MATTER BRAIN CHANGES IN MEDICATED AND UNMEDICATED FIRST EPISODE PSYCHOSIS: A RANDOMISED PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S172-S173
Author(s):  
Sidhant Chopra ◽  
Alex Fornito ◽  
Shona Francey ◽  
Brian O’Donoghue ◽  
Barnaby Nelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grey Matter ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Brain Changes

scholarly journals Different Effects of Typical and Atypical Antipsychotics on Grey Matter in First Episode Psychosis: the ÆSOP Study

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 765-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Dazzan ◽  
Kevin D Morgan ◽  
Ken Orr ◽  
Gerard Hutchinson ◽  
Xavier Chitnis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grey Matter ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotics ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Typical And Atypical Antipsychotics

scholarly journals Long-Term Grey Matter Changes in First Episode Psychosis: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 336-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Gallardo-Ruiz ◽  
Benedicto Crespo-Facorro ◽  
Esther Setién-Suero ◽  
Diana Tordesillas-Gutierrez
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Episode Psychosis

Brain structural abnormalities in first episode psychosis: A multimodal analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 950-950
Author(s):  
S. Rigucci ◽  
A. Comparelli ◽  
A. De Carolis ◽  
M.C. Rossi-Espagnet ◽  
E. Ambrosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grey Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Facial Affect ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Affect Recognition ◽  
Facial Affect Recognition ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Episode Psychosis

IntroductionWhite matter abnormalities play a prominent role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies showed a widespread decrease in fractional anisotropy (FA) in psychotic disorders.AimsTo examine white and grey matter abnormalities in first episode psychosis (FEP).MethodsWe obtained T1-weighted and DTI magnetic resonance images (1.5 T) from 8 right-handed drug-naïve FEP patients and 8 healthy controls. The DTI data set was used to calculate FA maps; we carried-out optimized voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis of grey matter (GM) and FA maps using SPM2.Patients were assessed with a neuropsychological battery comprising the Trail Making Test, the Stroop Colour Word Test, the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and a test of Facial Affect recognition.ResultsThe voxelwise analysis showed decreased FA in the superior longitudinal and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculi, bilaterally, and in the left uncinate fasciculus. We observed reduced GM volume in the left frontal cortex (Brodmann areas [BA] 47, 13, 11, 10, and 9) and in right frontal (BA6), temporal (BA34) and occipital (BA 18, 19, and 30) cortex.Neuropsychological assessment showed impaired executive function and deficit in facial affect recognition.ConclusionOur findings showed fronto-temporal disconnectivity in FEP and structural alterations in both cortical and subcortical regions.Neuroanatomical findings are consistent with patients’ neuropsychological performance.Further studies to establish a relationship between white and grey matter disarray on one hand and neuropsychological testing are needed.

State-dependent microstructural white matter changes in drug-naïve patients with first-episode psychosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (15) ◽  
pp. 2613-2627 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Serpa ◽  
J. Doshi ◽  
G. Erus ◽  
T. M. Chaim-Avancini ◽  
M. Cavallet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Sustained Remission ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Over Time

BackgroundDiffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have consistently shown white matter (WM) microstructural abnormalities in schizophrenia. Whether or not such alterations could vary depending on clinical status (i.e. acute psychosis v. remission) remains to be investigated.MethodsTwenty-five treatment-naïve first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients and 51 healthy-controls (HC) underwent MRI scanning at baseline. Twenty-one patients were re-scanned as soon as they achieved sustained remission of symptoms; 36 HC were also scanned twice. Rate-of-change maps of longitudinal DTI changes were calculated for in order to examine WM alterations associated with changes in clinical status. We conducted voxelwise analyses of fractional anisotropy (FA) and trace (TR) maps.ResultsAt baseline, FEP presented reductions of FA in comparison with HC [p < 0.05, false-discovery rate (FDR)-corrected] affecting fronto-limbic WM and associative, projective and commissural fasciculi. After symptom remission, patients showed FA increase over time (p < 0.001, uncorrected) in some of the above WM tracts, namely the right anterior thalamic radiation, right uncinate fasciculus/inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus/inferior longitudinal fasciculus. We also found significant correlations between reductions in PANSS scores and FA increases over time (p < 0.05, FDR-corrected).ConclusionsWM changes affecting brain tracts critical to the integration of perceptual information, cognition and emotions are detectable soon after the onset of FEP and may partially reverse in direct relation to the remission of acute psychotic symptoms. Our findings reinforce the view that WM abnormalities in brain tracts are a key neurobiological feature of acute psychotic disorders, and recovery from such WM pathology can lead to amelioration of symptoms.

What determines continuing grey matter changes in first-episode schizophrenia and affective psychosis?

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 817-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. P. Rosa ◽  
M. V. Zanetti ◽  
F. L. S. Duran ◽  
L. C. Santos ◽  
P. R. Menezes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grey Matter ◽  
Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Structural Mri ◽  
Population Based ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Brain Abnormalities ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
The Right ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

Background.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have shown that brain abnormalities in psychosis might be progressive during the first years of illness. We sought to determine whether first-episode psychosis (FEP) subjects show progressive regional grey matter (GM) changes compared with controls, and whether those changes are associated with diagnosis, illness course or antipsychotic (AP) use.Method.Thirty-two subjects with first-episode schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (FESZ), 24 patients with first-episode affective psychoses (FEAP) and 34 controls recruited using a population-based design underwent structural MRI scanning at baseline and at a 5-year follow-up. Regional GM volumes were assessed with voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Patients were treated at community settings, and about half of them remained mainly untreated.Results.No significant progressive changes in GM regional volumes were observed in either the FESZ or FEAP group overall. However, FESZ subjects with a non-remitting course showed GM decrements in the left superior temporal gyrus (STG) and insula relative to remitted FESZ subjects. Non-remitted FEAP subjects exhibited a GM decrease in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) bilaterally in comparison to remitted FEAP subjects. Among FESZ subjects, AP use was associated with regional GM decrements in the right insula and increments in the cerebellum.Conclusions.Our results suggest that the progression of brain abnormalities in FEP subjects is restricted to those with a poor outcome and differs between diagnosis subgroups. AP intake is associated with a different pattern of GM reductions over time.

scholarly journals Duration of prodromal phase and severity of volumetric abnormalities in first-episode psychosis

2007 ◽  
Vol 191 (S51) ◽  
pp. s123-s127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Lappin ◽  
Paola Dazzan ◽  
Kevin Morgan ◽  
Craig Morgan ◽  
Xavier Chitnis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Insular Cortex ◽  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Voxel Based Morphometry ◽  
White Matter Volume ◽  
Prodromal Phase ◽  
Episode Psychosis

BackgroundFirst-episode psychosis is typically preceded by a prodrome in which there is deterioration in global and social functioningAimsTo examine whether the duration of the prodromal phase influences grey and white matter volumes at the onset of psychosisMethodsEighty-two people were scanned using magnetic resonance imaging when they developed a first episode of psychosis. The duration of the prodromal phase was estimated from detailed interviews and medical records. Voxel-based morphometry was used to assess neuroanatomical abnormalitiesResultsA long prodromal phase was associated with smaller grey matter volumes in the cingulate, frontal and left insular cortex, and with less white matter volume bilaterally in the superior longitudinal and uncinate fasciculi and the cingulumConclusionsThe severity of volumetric abnormalities in first-episode psychosis was greater in those with a long prodrome

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