scholarly journals Defining GP Practices from an Urban Versus Rural Perspective: The Case of Czechia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luděk Šídlo ◽  
Jan Bělobrádek
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Insurance Company ◽  
Intermediate Type ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Using Data ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Urban Versus ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

Abstract Background: This study is an attempt to demonstrate the potential for classifying GP practices in Czechia along an urban versus rural dimension and to compare the structure of areas thus defined with the OECD territorial typology. The aim is to ascertain whether a general approach to distinguishing regions is transferrable and could be used to define GP practices in Czechia. Methods: In this study two variants are considered using data supplied to the authors by the largest health insurance company in Czechia, using geographical information systems. The results were then compared with the OECD regional typology, in which areas are classified as predominantly urban, intermediate, and predominantly rural. Results: The two GP practice typologies were then found to correspond closely to the OECD typology, but the most recent variant is more suitable. A high degree of similarity was evident in the categorisation of urban regions, and therefore practices, and slightly less so in the rural type areas. The most problematic aspect is defining the intermediate type, which has its own peculiarities and has to be considered within the wider context. Conclusions: Despite some structural differences, we can state that the main thinking behind the OECD typology is transferrable and can be used to determine urban versus rural healthcare providers, especially primary care ones. Nonetheless, the results point to further research avenues, especially on how to best to define the intermediate category so greater accuracy can be achieved in determining the resulting urban versus rural polarity.

scholarly journals Defining GP Practices from an Urban Versus Rural Perspective: The Case of Czechia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luděk Šídlo ◽  
Jan Bělobrádek
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Insurance Company ◽  
Intermediate Type ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Using Data ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Urban Versus ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

Abstract BackgroundThis study is an attempt to demonstrate the potential for classifying GP practices in Czechia along an urban versus rural dimension and to compare the structure of areas thus defined with the OECD territorial typology. The aim is to ascertain whether a general approach to distinguishing regions is transferrable and could be used to define GP practices in Czechia. MethodsIn this study two variants are considered using data supplied to the authors by the largest health insurance company in Czechia, using geographical information systems. The results were then compared with the OECD regional typology, in which areas are classified as predominantly urban, intermediate, and predominantly rural. ResultsThe two GP practice typologies were then found to correspond closely to the OECD typology, but the most recent variant is more suitable. A high degree of similarity was evident in the categorisation of urban regions, and therefore practices, and slightly less so in the rural type areas. The most problematic aspect is defining the intermediate type, which has its own peculiarities and has to be considered within the wider context. ConclusionsDespite some structural differences, we can state that the main thinking behind the OECD typology is transferrable and can be used to determine urban versus rural healthcare providers, especially primary care ones. Nonetheless, the results point to further research avenues, especially on how to best to define the intermediate category so greater accuracy can be achieved in determining the resulting urban versus rural polarity.

scholarly journals Geomorphological Analysis of Xilokastro Fault, Central Gulf of Corinth, Greece

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 516
Author(s):  
Sotirios Verroios ◽  
Vasiliki Zygouri
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Active Tectonics ◽  
Normal Fault ◽  
Fault Scarp ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Drainage Basins ◽  
Gulf Of Corinth ◽  
Morphometric Index ◽  
Fault Trace ◽  
High Degree

The Gulf of Corinth is a rapidly opening area with high seismicity associated with extensive building collapses, destruction of cities, and even the deaths of inhabitants. Rapid residential development, especially in the southern part of the Gulf of Corinth, and the construction of crucial technical infrastructures necessitate understanding the activity across crustal-scale faults that host devastating earthquakes. The evolution of landforms affected by fault action is a dominant issue in geological science. In the present study, was selected the 20 km long Xilokastro pure normal fault. In this fault, we apply eight geomorphological indices in footwall catchments that drain perpendicular to its trace. In total, more than 5000 measurements were made in 102 catchments. The determination of geomorphological indices requires the construction of morphological profiles either perpendicular to the faults or perpendicular to the main tributaries of the drainage basins under consideration through the use of the geographical information systems (ArcGIS platform). Τhe application of these indices along catchments draining the Xilokastro fault scarp show high active tectonics. Its high activity is evidenced by the high values of the length-slope index near the fault trace, the low values of the width to height ratio index, the strong asymmetry of the drainage basins, especially in the overlapping zones between its segments, and the elongated shape of the drainage basins. This study supports the idea that the application of a single morphometric index is unable to reflect the distribution of active tectonics across faults, which makes inevitable the systematic comparison of a series of tectonic morphometric indices from which a new combined index emerges (Iat). The Iat classifies the Xilokastro fault in the high degree of activity at a rate of 75% of its length.

scholarly journals A Spatial Analysis of Tourism Infrastructure in Romania: Spotlight on Accommodation and Food Service Companies

REGION ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Luminita Constantin ◽  
Adriana Reveiu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Statistics ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Food Service ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
Good Account ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Using Data

Location is a key concept in tourism sector analysis, given the dependence of this activity on the natural, built, cultural and social characteristics of a certain territory. As a result, the tourist zoning is an important instrument for delimiting tourist areas in accordance with multiple criteria, so as to lay the foundations for finding the most suitable solutions of turning to good account the resources in this field. The modern approaches proposed in this paper use a series of analytical tools that combine GIS and spatial agglomeration analysis based techniques. They can be also employed in order to examine and explain the differences between tourist zones (and sub-zones) in terms of economic and social results and thus to suggest realistic ways to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of tourist activities in various geographical areas. In the described context this paper proposes an interdisciplinary perspective (spatial statistics and Geographical Information Systems) for analysing the tourism activity in Romania, mainly aiming to identify the agglomerations of companies acting in this industry and assess their performance and contribution to the economic development of the corresponding regions. It also intends to contribute to a better understanding of the way in which tourism related business activities develop, in order to enhance appropriate support networks. Territorial and spatial statistics, as well as GIS based analyses are applied, using data about all companies acting in tourism industry in Romania provided by the National Authority for Tourism as well as data from the Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI).

scholarly journals Simulating Redistricting in the Classroom: A Binding Arbitration Decision Game Using Louisiana Census Data

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (03) ◽  
pp. 664-668
Author(s):  
Peter Miller ◽  
Steven Kimbrough ◽  
Johanna Schacht
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Game Design ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Congressional Districts ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
The World ◽  
Us Census ◽  
High Degree

ABSTRACTThis article describes the design and implementation of a redistricting simulation in two classes at a large university. Simulations often include a high degree of abstraction and, as a result, may not inform and develop an understanding of how the world operates. We developed a binding-arbitration game, based on the New Jersey model of a bipartisan commission, in which groups of students used US Census data and a set of mandatory and discretionary criteria to design congressional districts in Louisiana as well as advocate for their plan at an open hearing. In so doing, they learned about the complexities of redistricting and were introduced to geographical information systems (GIS). The student-drawn maps, on average, were more compact and preserved a larger proportion of places and parishes in a single district than the legislature-drawn map. The article discusses other features of the students’ maps and concludes with comments on the general decision-game design.

scholarly journals Aspectos metodológicos da utilização de Data Mining no âmbito da Geografia

Finisterra ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (75) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Lucas Bação ◽  
Marco Painho
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Inductive Logic ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Geospatial Data ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Theoretical Development ◽  
Processing Power ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Methodological Aspects

METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF USING DATA MINING IN GEOGRAPHICAL WORKS. At the start of the new century, geography finds itself in a very interesting position. After various developments made towards the end of the twentieth century mainly due to the rapid progress in the field of computation, geographers now face a new challenge: geospatial data mining. Geospatial data mining could be the key with which geography achieves the scientific objectives at the basis of the quantitative revolution. It is true that most of the opportunities that have enabled geography to grow have originated outside the discipline; it is also true that geographers have always had the intelligence and vision to rapidly adopt those innovations in the practical work of their profession. The quantitative revolution and Geographical Information Systems are important steps in the search for knowledge about space and spatial-temporal patterns, which are of enormous complexity.A new generation of tools has emerged and grown indispensable to anyone concerned with mastering complexity in any field of knowledge. These tools make use of the huge resources and dimension of today’s databases and have ever-growing processing power as their main ally in establishing an inductive approach capable of solving problems far beyond the reach of theoretical formulations. Nevertheless, in order for these tools to contribute to the essential theoretical development of geography, it is necessary to adopt an appropriate methodological framework and escape pure inductive logic. Accordingly, a Popperian epistemological framework is proposed, in which the conjectural activity of the researcher is the core of the scientific work.

scholarly journals Using GeoHashes to Combine IOT and GIS to Provide Business Intelligence to the Informal Sector in South Africa

10.29007/rssv ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie Butgereit
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Business Intelligence ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Use Of Internet

South Africa has one of the highest GINI coeefficient indicating a high degree of inequality in the country. There is also extreme unemployment with the expanded unemployment rate being 38.3% and in some subsections of the economy as high as 68.3%. Despite this, the Informal Sector (non-agricultural) employs over three million people. Many corporates offer products to the formal sector, the informal sector or both. The commercial margins are often very slim in the informal sector. This paper looks at the use of Internet of Things, Geographical Information Systems, and GeoHashes to provide business intelligence to merchants in the Informal Sector thereby helping them improve their competitive advantage.

Assessment of land-use change in coastal areas through geographical information systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica Lango-Reynoso ◽  
Karla Teresa González-Figueroa ◽  
Fabiola Lango-Reynoso ◽  
María del Refugio Castañeda-Chávez ◽  
Jesús Montoya-Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Coastal Ecosystems ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Coastal Zones ◽  
Computer Based

Objective: This article describes and analyzes the main concepts of coastal ecosystems, these as a result of research concerning land-use change assessments in coastal areas. Design/Methodology/Approach: Scientific articles were searched using keywords in English and Spanish. Articles regarding land-use change assessment in coastal areas were selected, discarding those that although being on coastal zones and geographic and soil identification did not use Geographic Information System (GIS). Results: A GIS is a computer-based tool for evaluating the land-use change in coastal areas by quantifying variations. It is analyzed through GIS and its contributions; highlighting its importance and constant monitoring. Limitations of the study/Implications: This research analyzes national and international scientific information, published from 2007 to 2019, regarding the land-use change in coastal areas quantified with the digital GIS tool. Findings/Conclusions: GIS are useful tools in the identification and quantitative evaluation of changes in land-use in coastal ecosystems; which require constant evaluation due to their high dynamism.

A protocol for sampling pastures in hill country

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 203-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.J. Hutchinson ◽  
D.R. Scobie ◽  
J. Beautrais ◽  
A.D. Mackay ◽  
G.M. Rennie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Accurate Estimate ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Topographic Complexity ◽  
Hill Country

To develop a protocol to guide pasture sampling for estimation of paddock pasture mass in hill country, a range of pasture sampling strategies, including random sampling, transects and stratification based on slope and aspect, were evaluated using simulations in a Geographical Information Systems computer environment. The accuracy and efficiency of each strategy was tested by sampling data obtained from intensive field measurements across several farms, regions and seasons. The number of measurements required to obtain an accurate estimate was related to the overall pasture mass and the topographic complexity of a paddock, with more variable paddocks requiring more samples. Random sampling from average slopes provided the best balance between simplicity and reliability. A draft protocol was developed from the simulations, in the form of a decision support tool, where visual determination of the topographic complexity of the paddock, along with the required accuracy, were used to guide the number of measurements recommended. The protocol was field tested and evaluated by groups of users for efficacy and ease of use. This sampling protocol will offer farmers, consultants and researchers an efficient, reliable and simple way to determine pasture mass in New Zealand hill country settings. Keywords: hill country, feed budgeting, protocol pasture mass, slope

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