scholarly journals National data analysis and systematic review for human resources for cervical cancer screening in Japan: Who should take Pap smears for cervical cancer screening?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chisato Hamashima ◽  
Seiju Sasaki ◽  
Keika Hoshi ◽  
Satoyo Hosono ◽  
Takafumi Katayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
General Physicians

Abstract Background: Although cervical cancer screening has been performed as a national program since 1983 in Japan, taking Pap smears from the cervix has usually been performed by gynecologists and obstetricians in their offices. Conventionally, general physicians and midwives cannot take Pap smears of cervical cancer screening in Japan. Accessibility is one of the important factors to consider when planning to increase the participation rate in cancer screening programs. Gynecologists also play a primary role in the diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancers. Discussions regarding the needed human resources for cancer screening programs have remained scared in Japan. Methods: We examined the number of gynecologists and obstetricians based on a national survey. Candidate literature was searched using Ovid-MEDLINE and Ichushi-Web until the end of January 2019. Then, a systematic review regarding accessibility to cervical cancer screening was performed. The results of the selected articles were summarized in the tables.Results: Although the total number of all physicians in Japan increased from 1996 to 2016, the proportion of gynecologists and obstetricians has remained at approximately 5% over the last 2 decades. However, 43.6% of municipalities have no gynecologists and obstetricians in 2016. Five articles identified from Ovid-MEDLINE and Ichushi-Web were eligible and assessed. Two Japanese studies showed consistent results regarding the association of resources as gynecologists and obstetricians with participation rates in cervical cancer screening. Another article reported on the national distribution of gynecological oncologists and compared the treatment outcomes between hospitals with and without certified gynecologists. The number of certified gynecological oncologists has remained insufficient with a biased distribution. Thus, the survival rate of cervical cancer patients was different between hospitals with and without accreditation by academic society. Although the perspectives of selected articles were different, the results suggested the burden to access to cervical cancer screening and consequent diagnosis and treatment.Conclusions: The human resources for taking Pap smears for cervical cancer screening has remained insufficient with a huge disparity among municipalities in Japan. Enabling general physicians to take Pap smears or the introduction of self-sampling HPV testing may be considered to augment the limited access to cervical cancer screening.

scholarly journals National Data Analysis and Systematic Review for Human Resources for Cervical Cancer Screening in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1695-1702
Author(s):  
Chisato Hamashima ◽  
Seiju Sasaki ◽  
Satoyo Hosono ◽  
Keika Hoshi ◽  
Takafumi Katayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
National Data

scholarly journals The impact of a community intervention to improve cervical cancer screening uptake in the Amazon region of Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Vinicius Von Zuben ◽  
Sophie Françoise Derchain ◽  
Luis Otávio Sarian ◽  
Maria Cristina Westin ◽  
Luiz Claudio Santos Thuler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Routine Screening ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region ◽  
The Impact

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: In the northern region of Brazil, cervical cancer is the most important cause of cancer-related deaths among women. There is considerable likelihood, however, that official incidence and mortality figures are greatly underestimated. The aim of this study was to estimate the repercussions from improvement in cervical cancer screening programs on the incidence of pre-invasive and invasive cervical lesions in a municipality in this region. DESIGN AND SETTING: This was a quasi-experimental study that assessed process dimensions relevant to the program objectives. The study comprised a sample of 2,226 women seen at primary healthcare units in Cruzeiro do Sul, a small city in the Brazilian Amazon region, from April 2003 to July 2004. METHODS: Women were recruited through local radio advertisements and by oral communication from the investigators. The women answered a structured questionnaire and underwent pelvic examination, which included Papanicolaou (Pap) smears and naked-eye inspection of the cervix after applying diluted acetic acid. Women with positive Pap smears or abnormal gynecological examination were referred for colposcopy and possible biopsy, diathermic large loop excision of the transformation zone or conization. RESULTS: The results obtained were compared with historical official data retrieved from the Brazilian Ministry of Health’s database. Intervention resulted in a 40% increase in positive Pap smears and detection of cancer was nine times higher than had been observed in routine screening. CONCLUSIONS: Detection of pre-invasive and invasive cervical lesions in the intervention group was remarkably higher than among women seen during routine screening.

scholarly journals Barriers to and Facilitators of Cervical Cancer Screening among Women in Southeast Asia: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4586
Author(s):  
Brandon Chua ◽  
Viva Ma ◽  
Caitlin Asjes ◽  
Ashley Lim ◽  
Mahsa Mohseni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Education Status ◽  
Low Coverage

In Southeast Asia, cervical cancer is the second most common cancer in women. Low coverage for cervical cancer screening (CCS) becomes a roadblock to disease detection and treatment. Existing reviews on CCS have limited insights into the barriers and facilitators for SEA. Hence, this study aims to identify key barriers and facilitators among women living in SEA. A systematic literature review was conducted on Pubmed, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and SCOPUS. Primary qualitative and quantitative studies published in English that reported barriers and facilitators to CCS were included. The Mix Methods Appraisal Tool was used for the quality assessment of the included studies. Among the 93 included studies, pap smears (73.1%) were the most common screening modality. A majority of the studies were from Malaysia (35.5%). No studies were from Timor-Leste and the Philippines. The most common barriers were embarrassment (number of articles, n = 33), time constraints (n = 27), and poor knowledge of screening (n = 27). The most common facilitators were related to age (n = 21), receiving advice from healthcare workers (n = 17), and education status (n = 11). Findings from this review may inform health policy makers in developing effective cervical cancer screening programs in SEA countries.

scholarly journals PCN220 HUMAN RESOURCES FOR CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING IN JAPAN: WHO SHOULD TAKE PAP SMEARS FOR CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING?

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. S61
Author(s):  
C. Hamashima ◽  
S. Sasaki ◽  
K. Hoshi ◽  
S. Hosono ◽  
T. Katayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Pap Smears

Systematic review of cervical cancer prevalence and determinants of early detection in Sub-Saharan Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Eleazar Ndabarora ◽  
Dariya Mukamusoni ◽  
Clarte Ndikumasabo ◽  
Védaste Ngirinshuti
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Sub Saharan

Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally and in Sub-Saharan Africa in particular. There is evidence that early detection and early management of cases are the best strategies to prevent and control this health threat, since treatment of the later stages of the diseases are very expensive. The objectives of the review were: (1) to identify and review studies on the prevalence of cervical cancer and determinants of early detection in Sub-Saharan Africa, and (2) to recommend further studies and interventions based on the findings of this review. Extensive literature search was conducted using the MeSH terms. Articles on cervical cancer and/or determinants of early detection which fulfilled inclusion criteria were reviewed independently by three reviewers. The prevalence of cervical cancer in Sub-Saharan Africa is increasing. Although there are evidences that cervical cancer screening programs are practical and feasible even in resource-limited settings in Sub-Saharan Africa, there is a very low uptake of cervical cancer screening and there are key factors that need to be addressed in order to make these programs established and effective.

scholarly journals Automated Quantitative Cytology Imaging Analysis System in Cervical Cancer Screening in Shanxi Province, China

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Dong ◽  
Jigeng Bai ◽  
Yuping Zhang ◽  
Guangjie Shang ◽  
Yan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Quantitative Cytology ◽  
Automated Platform

Purpose: In China the number of pathologists is far from being enough to meet the demands of ongoing population based cervical cancer screening programs. This article aims to present our experience with automated quantitative cytology imaging platform, a reading system with an artificial intelligence that we currently use routinely for cervical cancer screening in Shanxi province.Methods: From 2012-2016 a total of 40 178 women were screened. Women were divided into three groups and each group had two subgroups. Smear and liquid based technique were compared using manual and automated platform.Results: Detection rates of CIN2 + and positive rates of CIN2 were higher in all three groups when automated quantitative cytology platform was used compared with groups where reading was done by the pathologist using conventional microscope. Operator’s costs associated with automated quantitative cytology platform vs. conventional reading using light microscope were compared too. The overall costs of operations based on automated platform were proven to be lower.Conclusion: The use of automated platform and artificial intelligence as a means to overcome the lack of cytotechnologists and pathologists and to implement proper quality control in the large scale population based cervical cancer screening seems very promising.

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