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PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0261922
Author(s):  
Xiangfei Yuan ◽  
Haijing Hao ◽  
Chenghua Guan ◽  
Alex Pentland

To examine which factors affect the performance of technology business incubators in China, the present study proposes an entrepreneurial ecosystem framework with four key areas, i.e., people, technology, capital, and infrastructure. We then assess this framework using a three-year panel data set of 857 national-level technology business incubators in 33 major cities from 28 provinces in China, from 2015 to 2017. We utilize factor analysis to downsize dozens of characteristics of these technology business incubators into seven factors related to the four proposed areas. Panel regression model results show that four of the seven factors related to three areas of the entrepreneurial ecosystem, namely people, technology, and capital areas, have statistically significant associations with an incubator’s performance when applied to the overall national data set. Further, seven factors related to all four areas have various statistically significant associations with an incubator’s performance in five major regional data set. In particular, a technology related factor has a consistently statistically significant association with the performance of the incubator in both national model and the five regional models, as we expected.


2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Filiz Adana ◽  
Seyfi Durmaz ◽  
Safiye Özvurmaz ◽  
Ceren Varer Akpınar ◽  
Duygu Yeşilfidan

Abstract Background The objective of this study is to analyze the data of the 2018 Turkey Demographic and Health Survey and determine personal and demographic factors associated with elderly who are 60 and older and living alone. Methods This cross-sectional study is the secondary analysis of the national data obtained with the 2018 Turkey Demographic and Health Survey. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate differences in living alone based on gender, age, welfare status, region of residence, urban/rural residence, whether the person is working in a paid job and home ownership. Independent effect of every variable is observed in the first stage and then checked for all variables in the equation. Results There is a total of 37,897 participants’ data in the Turkey Demographic and Health Survey Database. In the study, there are 6244 (16.5%) older adults in 11,056 households and 9.79% of the elderly population is alone. The percentage of elderly women living alone is 13.62% while this percentage is 5.48% for elderly men (p < 0.001). The risk of living alone for elderly women is 2.74 times more than elderly men (95% Cl 2.28–3.31). Being poor increases the risk of living alone for elderly people 2.84 fold compared to being rich (95% Cl 2.17–3.71). Those who have high school and higher education level have 2.38 (95% Cl 1.73–3.29) fold higher risk of living alone than people with lower education. Older adults living in the Western region of the country have 3.18 (95% Cl 2.20–4.59) times higher risk of living alone than older adults living in the Eastern region of the country. The risk of living alone for older adults increases 1.90 fold (95% Cl 1.55–2.32) if the house they live in do not belong to a household member. Conclusion Based on these findings, needs of older adults under risk should be met to allow them to be healthy and live their lives in better social, economic and cultural conditions.


2022 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 728-732
Author(s):  
Yustini Ardillah ◽  
Anggun Budiastuti ◽  
Dian Safriantini ◽  
Rendi Sabana

Covid-19 continues to increase the number of patients who are positive for Covid-19. Indonesia is a risky country to visit, while the National Data for South Sumatra is the number one province on Sumatra Island with the highest number of Covid-19 patients. Government policy allows regions or regions with yellow zones to open schools offline. Banyuasin Regency is included in the yellow zone of Covid patients, so teaching and learning has been carried out offline with strict implementation of health protocols. To support offline teaching and learning activities, it is necessary to educate students about the 3M movement (maintaining distance, using masks, washing hands with soap). This activity aims to train students to apply the 3M health protocol correctly. The results of the service show that there is an increase in knowledge and changes in student behaviour after receiving training and counselling about health protocols at school. Optimization of health protocols needs to be carried out on an ongoing basis to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 in elementary schools.


Author(s):  
Randall T. Loder ◽  
Hassan Farooq ◽  
John B. Gianaris
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
pp. injuryprev-2021-044415
Author(s):  
Ana Catarina Queiroga ◽  
Rui Seabra ◽  
Richard Charles Franklin ◽  
Amy E Peden

IntroductionImprecise data systems hinder understanding of drowning burden, even in high-income countries like Portugal, that have a well-implemented death certificate system. Consequently, national studies on drowning mortality are scarce. We aimed to explore drowning mortality in Portugal using national data and to compare these to Global Burden of Disease (GBD) estimates.MethodsData were obtained from the National Institute of Statistics (INE) for 1992–2019, using International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 and ICD-10 codes, by sex, age group and cause (unintentional; water transport and intentional). GBD unintentional drowning data were obtained online. Age-standardised drowning rates were calculated and compared.ResultsINE data showed 6057 drowning deaths, 4327 classified as unintentional (75.2% male; 36.7% 35–64 years; 31.5% 65+years; 15.2% 0–19 years). Following 2001, an increase in accidental drowning mortality and corresponding decrease in undetermined intent was observed, coincident with Portugal’s ICD-10 implementation. GBD modelled estimates followed a downward trend at an overall rate of decrease of −0.41/decade (95% CI (−0.45 to –0.37); R2adj=0.94; p<0.05). Conversely, INE data showed an increase in the rate of drowning deaths over the last decade (0.35/decade; 95% CI (−0.18 to 0.89)). GBD estimates were significantly different from the INE dataset (alpha=0.05), either underestimating as much as 0.567*INE in 1996 or overestimating as much as 1.473*INE in 2011.ConclusionsWhile GBD mortality data estimates are valuable in the absence of routinely collected data, they smooth variations, concealing key advocacy opportunities. Investment in country-level drowning registries enables in-depth analysis of incident circumstances. Such data are essential to informing National Water Safety Plans.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Tuuli Turja ◽  
Oxana Krutova ◽  
Harri Melin

During COVID-19, telework has become a new form of work for broader groups of workers who were not teleworking prior to the pandemic. In this study, we ask what we will be returning to after COVID-19, if teleworking will become a new norm or if most workplaces will merely return to the old forms of work. The main research question of this study was to estimate the role of telework in perception of workload. More specifically, to gain an understanding of the stakes involved when reorganizing work after the pandemic, we analysed the relationship between perceived workload and opportunities to telework. Multilevel analysis utilized representative national data of wage earners in Finland (N = 4091). The findings showed that the opportunity to telework is associated with lower perceived workload in the capital area but not in the rural areas. More specifically, increasing telework opportunities among different-level workers, particularly in educational and social work in the capital area, would be beneficial in terms of increasing well-being at work. There could be good reasons for organizations to reject returning to the status quo ex ante after COVID-19 and to consider the new norm, where opportunities to telework are offered to wider worker groups.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina GUMZEJ

The paper analyses rules pertinent for examination of national data retention measures regulating data processing activities of providers of electronic communication services following invalidation of the Data Retention Directive in 2014, on which subject the CJEU issued a total of five judgments up until June 2021. Focus of this analysis is the issue of applicability of EU law as interpreted in the CJEU case law, most specifically Article 15, paragraph 1 of the ePrivacy Directive containing legal safeguards for the restrictions of rights and obligations in that directive on the confidentiality of communications as well as the processing of traffic and location data. Such restrictions are as a rule manifested in different national data retention measures, which may pursue law enforcement and public security, as well as national security objectives. This examination is supported also by analysis of rules on the scope of ePrivacy Directive and its relationship with the general personal data protection framework. Overall findings in the paper provide a frame for further detailed research on the topic of future regulation of retention measures at national/EU level (Proposal for ePrivacy Regulation, possible new EU data retention legislation) and a comparative assessment of relevant CJEU jurisprudence with that of the European Court of Human Rights in respect of compatibility of retention measures with the guarantees of fundamental rights and freedoms and allowed restrictions thereof in the European legal system.


Author(s):  
Dorjana Zerbo Šporin ◽  
Žiga Kozinc ◽  
Ticijana Prijon ◽  
Nejc Šarabon

Musculoskeletal disorders are the most common work-related health problems. As low back disorders (LBD) are the most problematic, the aim of this study was to provide an in-depth analysis of the nationwide data on sick leaves due to work-related LBDs among workers in Slovenia in 2015–2019 by gender, age and various economic activities (NACE Rev 2 classification). We retrospectively analyzed the Slovene national data for sick leave (SL) rates due to the LBDs between 2015 and 2019. The analyzed SL outcomes were (i) index of temporary disability as a diagnosis-specific loss of calendar days (all calendar days except Sundays) per employee, (ii) frequency of spells as the number of SL cases per 100 employees in one year and (iii) severity as the average duration of one absence from work due to a health condition. A high prevalence of sick leaves due to LBDs in Slovenia was present among young male workers in “mining and quarrying”. In the next age group (20.0–44.9 years), LBD is most frequent in “water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities”. Particular attention should be paid to ‘’agriculture, forestry and fishing’’ which shows a large average sick leave duration and probably a more demanding course of LBDs.


2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110501
Author(s):  
Mary P. Koss ◽  
Kevin M. Swartout ◽  
Elise C. Lopez ◽  
Raina V. Lamade ◽  
Elizabeth J. Anderson ◽  
...  

Research Questions: Rape prevention practice and policy have roots in data from 1985. This study uses 2015 national data to project recent prevalence, assesses whether rates now differ from those of 30 years ago, and disaggregates 2015 prevalence into rape of alcohol incapacitated victims, rapes combining both alcohol and physical tactics, and violent rape. Methods: Cross-sectional analyses were conducted comparing two national samples. The first was collected in 1984-85 (Koss, Gidycz, & Wisniewski, 1987); the second was collected 30 years later in 2014-2015. Both surveys used in-person administration and measurement by the most current version at the time of the Sexual Experiences Survey (SES). Prevalence rates were compared using Bayesian binomial tests. Results: In 2015, 33.4% (1 in 3) of women reported experiencing rape or attempted rape and 12.7% of men reported perpetration (1 in 8). Using Jeffreys' label for effect size of the Bayes binomial (1961), both results are “decisively” greater than expected given the 1985 benchmarks of 27.9% for victimization and 7.7% for perpetration. Victimization when incapacitated characterized approximately 75% of incidents in 2015 up from 50% in 1985. Cautions apply as cross-sectional data does not establish causality and the recent data set involved the revised SES. Conclusions: Across 30 years, neither containment nor reduction of rape was demonstrated and the increasingly prominent association with alcohol was apparent. Among the men who disclosed raping, 9 of 10 incidents were alcohol-involved. Prevention focus might profitably be directed to constraining alcohol environments and policies that facilitate rape of incapacitated persons and on misconduct responses that are proportional to the harm caused to rape victims, thereby raising the perceived risks of perpetration.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Luong Ly ◽  
Thida Win ◽  
Jessica Mantilla ◽  
Ching-Hsiu Chiu ◽  
Allan Leung ◽  
...  

Objective: This study aims to analyze COVID-19 hospitalization and death rate in the Asian population of a predominantly Asian-serving multi-hospital system (ASMHS).Methods: The COVID-19 patient information was collected electronically from March 1 to November 12, 2020, including demographics, insurance, mortality, ICU admissions, and length of stay (LOS). Demographic characteristics were compared with the county-level and national data. A comparison of hospital LOS between Asians and non-Asians was conducted.Results: The prevalence ratio of deaths in Asians at ASMHS was 1.29, which was 53% higher than the county and 77% higher than the nation. The ICU admission for ASMHS Asian patients was 11.8% compared to 5.6% for non-Asian. Overall Asians and Asians aged > 65 had significantly longer LOS than non-Asians (p < .001).Conclusions: High prevalence ratio of deaths was noted in ASMHS’s Asian patients which may be related to older age, higher ICU rate, and longer LOS.


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