scholarly journals Magnaporthe oryzae Systemic Defense Trigger 1 (MoSDT1)-Mediated Metabolites Regulate Defense Response in Rice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guihua Duan ◽  
Chunqin Li ◽  
Yanfang Liu ◽  
Xiaoqing Ma ◽  
Qiong Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defense ◽  
Defense Response ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
Plant Defense Responses ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Metabolic Marker

Abstract Background: Some of the pathogenic effector proteins play an active role in stimulating the plant defense system to strengthen plant resistance.Results: In this study, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS) was implemented to identify altered metabolites in transgenic rice containing over-expressed M. oryzae Systemic Defense Trigger 1 (MoSDT1) that was infected at three-time points. The characterized dominating metabolites were organic acids and their derivatives, organic oxygen compounds, lipids, and lipid-like molecules. Among the identified metabolites, shikimate, galactinol, trehalose, D-mannose, linolenic acid, dopamine, tyramine, and L-glutamine are precursors for the synthesis of many secondary defense metabolites Carbohydrate, as well as amino acid metabolic, pathways were revealed to be involved in plant defense responses and resistance strengthening.Conclusion: The increasing salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) content enhanced interactions between JA synthesis/signaling gene, SA synthesis/receptor gene, raffinose/fructose/sucrose synthase gene, and cell wall-related genes all contribute to defense response in rice. The symptoms of rice after M. oryzae infection were significantly alleviated when treated with six identified metabolites, i.e., galactol, tyramine, L-glutamine, L-tryptophan, α-terpinene, and dopamine for 72 h exogenously. Therefore, these metabolites could be utilized as an optimal metabolic marker for M. oryzae defense.#These authors contributed equally to this work.

scholarly journals Magnaporthe oryzae Systemic Defense Trigger 1 (MoSDT1)-Mediated Metabolites Regulate Defense Response in Rice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guihua Duan ◽  
Chunqin Li ◽  
Yanfang Liu ◽  
Xiaoqing Ma ◽  
Qiong Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defense ◽  
Defense Response ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
Plant Defense Responses ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Metabolic Marker

Abstract Background: Some of the pathogenic effector proteins play an active role in stimulating the plant defense system to strengthen plant resistance.Results: In this study, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS) was implemented to identify altered metabolites in transgenic rice containing over-expressed M. oryzae Systemic Defense Trigger 1 (MoSDT1) that was infected at three-time points. The characterized dominating metabolites were organic acids and their derivatives, organic oxygen compounds, lipids, and lipid-like molecules. Among the identified metabolites, shikimate, galactinol, trehalose, D-mannose, linolenic acid, dopamine, tyramine, and L-glutamine are precursors for the synthesis of many secondary defense metabolites Carbohydrate, as well as amino acid metabolic, pathways were revealed to be involved in plant defense responses and resistance strengthening.Conclusion: The increasing salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) content enhanced interactions between JA synthesis/signaling gene, SA synthesis/receptor gene, raffinose/fructose/sucrose synthase gene, and cell wall-related genes all contribute to defense response in rice. The symptoms of rice after M. oryzae infection were significantly alleviated when treated with six identified metabolites, i.e., galactol, tyramine, L-glutamine, L-tryptophan, α-terpinene, and dopamine for 72 h exogenously. Therefore, these metabolites could be utilized as an optimal metabolic marker for M. oryzae defense.

scholarly journals Magnaporthe oryzae Systemic Defense Trigger 1 (MoSDT1)-Mediated Metabolites Regulate Defense Response in Rice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guihua Duan ◽  
Chunqin Li ◽  
Yanfang Liu ◽  
Xiaoqing Ma ◽  
Qiong Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defense ◽  
Defense Response ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
Plant Defense Responses ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Metabolic Marker

Abstract Background: Some of the pathogenic effector proteins play an active role in stimulating the plant defense system to strengthen plant resistance. Results: In this study, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS) was implemented to identify altered metabolites in transgenic rice containing over-expressed M. oryzae Systemic Defense Trigger 1 (MoSDT1) that was infected at three-time points. The characterized dominating metabolites were organic acids and their derivatives, organic oxygen compounds, lipids, and lipid-like molecules. Among the identified metabolites, shikimate, galactinol, trehalose, D-mannose, linolenic acid, dopamine, tyramine, and L-glutamine are precursors for the synthesis of many secondary defense metabolites Carbohydrate, as well as amino acid metabolic, pathways were revealed to be involved in plant defense responses and resistance strengthening. Conclusion: The increasing salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) content enhanced interactions between JA synthesis/signaling gene, SA synthesis/receptor gene, raffinose/fructose/sucrose synthase gene, and cell wall-related genes all contribute to defense response in rice. The symptoms of rice after M. oryzae infection were significantly alleviated when treated with six identified metabolites, i.e., galactol, tyramine, L-glutamine, L-tryptophan, α-terpinene, and dopamine for 72 h exogenously. Therefore, these metabolites could be utilized as an optimal metabolic marker for M. oryzae defense.

scholarly journals Magnaporthe oryzae Systemic Defense Trigger 1 (MoSDT1)-Mediated Metabolites Regulate Defense Response in Rice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guihua Duan ◽  
Chunqin Li ◽  
Yanfang Liu ◽  
Xiaoqing Ma ◽  
Qiong Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defense ◽  
Defense Response ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
Plant Defense Responses ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Metabolic Marker

Abstract Background: Some of the pathogenic effector proteins play an active role in stimulating the plant defense system to strengthen plant resistance. Results: In this study, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS) was implemented to identify altered metabolites in transgenic rice containing over-expressed M. oryzae Systemic Defense Trigger 1 (MoSDT1) that was infected at three-time points. The characterized dominating metabolites were organic acids and their derivatives, organic oxygen compounds, lipids, and lipid-like molecules. Among the identified metabolites, shikimate, galactinol, trehalose, D-mannose, linolenic acid, dopamine, tyramine, and L-glutamine are precursors for the synthesis of many secondary defense metabolites Carbohydrate, as well as amino acid metabolic, pathways were revealed to be involved in plant defense responses and resistance strengthening. Conclusion: The increasing salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) content enhanced interactions between JA synthesis/signaling gene, SA synthesis/receptor gene, raffinose/fructose/sucrose synthase gene, and cell wall-related genes all contribute to defense response in rice. The symptoms of rice after M. oryzae infection were significantly alleviated when treated with six identified metabolites, i.e., galactol, tyramine, L-glutamine, L-tryptophan, α-terpinene, and dopamine for 72 h exogenously. Therefore, these metabolites could be utilized as an optimal metabolic marker for M. oryzae defense.

scholarly journals Magnaporthe oryzae Systemic Defense Trigger 1 (MoSDT1)-Mediated Metabolites Regulate Defense Response in Rice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guihua Duan ◽  
Chunqin Li ◽  
Yanfang Liu ◽  
Xiaoqing Ma ◽  
Qiong Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defense ◽  
Defense Response ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
Plant Defense Responses ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Metabolic Marker

Abstract Background: Some of the pathogenic effector proteins play an active role in stimulating the plant defense system to strengthen plant resistance. Results: In this study, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS) was implemented to identify altered metabolites in transgenic rice containing over-expressed M. oryzae Systemic Defense Trigger 1 (MoSDT1) that was infected at three-time points. The characterized dominating metabolites were organic acids and their derivatives, organic oxygen compounds, lipids, and lipid-like molecules. Among the identified metabolites, shikimate, galactinol, trehalose, D-mannose, linolenic acid, dopamine, tyramine, and L-glutamine are precursors for the synthesis of many secondary defense metabolites Carbohydrate, as well as amino acid metabolic, pathways were revealed to be involved in plant defense responses and resistance strengthening. Conclusion: The increasing salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) content enhanced interactions between JA synthesis/signaling gene, SA synthesis/receptor gene, raffinose/fructose/sucrose synthase gene, and cell wall-related genes all contribute to defense response in rice. The symptoms of rice after M. oryzae infection were significantly alleviated when treated with six identified metabolites, i.e., galactol, tyramine, L-glutamine, L-tryptophan, α-terpinene, and dopamine for 72 h exogenously. Therefore, these metabolites could be utilized as an optimal metabolic marker for M. oryzae defense.

scholarly journals Defense Response in Slash Pine: Chitosan Treatment Alters the Abundance of Specific mRNAs

1997 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary E. Mason ◽  
John M. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defense ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Cinnamic Acid ◽  
Differential Display ◽  
Defense Response ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Plant Defense Responses ◽  
Specific Mrnas

We used differential display to identify chitosan responsive cDNAs in slash pine cell cultures. Two clones that showed increased mRNA abundance had sequence similarity to genes with roles in major plant defense responses, clone 18 to cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase, and clone 30 to chitinase.

scholarly journals Latent defense response to non-pathogenic microbial factors impairs plant-rhizobacteria mutualism

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Yang ◽  
Shenglan Chen ◽  
Li Peng ◽  
Xiaomin Liu ◽  
Richa Kaushal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defense ◽  
Defense Response ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Plant Defense Responses ◽  
New Type ◽  
Pathogenic Microbes ◽  
Arabidopsis Mutant ◽  
Hidden Layer ◽  
Mutualistic Association

ABSTRACTUnlike pathogens that trigger plant defense responses, commensal or beneficial microbes are compatible with plants and do not elicit a defense response. An assumption underlying the compatibility is that plants are inert in mounting a defense response to non-pathogenic microbial factors. However, the mechanisms underlying this inertness in defense are unknown. Here a forward genetic screen led to the isolation of an Arabidopsis mutant displaying a new type of immunity which we named as latent defense response (LDR) to a beneficial rhizobacterium. The mutant, known as gp1 for Growth-Promotion 1, is impaired in rhizobacteria-induced plant growth-promotion due to disrupted oleic acid homeostasis and consequent activation of defense responses. Several bacterial volatile compounds trigger LDR in gp1 but not wild type plants. GP1 dysfunction strongly represses colonization of the beneficial rhizobacterium and alters root-associated microbiota. Our findings reveal a hidden layer of plant defense, LDR, which is suppressed by GP1 to allow mutualistic association between plants and beneficial rhizobacteria.One Sentence SummaryA hidden layer of host immunity against non-pathogenic microbes leads to plant incompatibility with beneficial rhizobacteria.

scholarly journals Effectors from Wheat Rust Fungi Suppress Multiple Plant Defense Responses

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sowmya R. Ramachandran ◽  
Chuntao Yin ◽  
Joanna Kud ◽  
Kiwamu Tanaka ◽  
Aaron K. Mahoney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Defense ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Hypersensitive Response ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
R Gene ◽  
Plant Defense Responses ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Rust Diseases ◽  
Suppression Assay

Fungi that cause cereal rust diseases (genus Puccinia) are important pathogens of wheat globally. Upon infection, the fungus secretes a number of effector proteins. Although a large repository of putative effectors has been predicted using bioinformatic pipelines, the lack of available high-throughput effector screening systems has limited functional studies on these proteins. In this study, we mined the available transcriptomes of Puccinia graminis and P. striiformis to look for potential effectors that suppress host hypersensitive response (HR). Twenty small (<300 amino acids), secreted proteins, with no predicted functions were selected for the HR suppression assay using Nicotiana benthamiana, in which each of the proteins were transiently expressed and evaluated for their ability to suppress HR caused by four cytotoxic effector‐R gene combinations (Cp/Rx, ATR13/RPP13, Rpt2/RPS‐2, and GPA/RBP‐1) and one mutated R gene—Pto(Y207D). Nine out of twenty proteins, designated Shr1 to Shr9 (suppressors of hypersensitive response), were found to suppress HR in N. benthamiana. These effectors varied in the effector-R gene defenses they suppressed, indicating these pathogens can interfere with a variety of host defense pathways. In addition to HR suppression, effector Shr7 also suppressed PAMP-triggered immune response triggered by flg22. Finally, delivery of Shr7 through Pseudomonas fluorescens EtHAn suppressed nonspecific HR induced by Pseudomonas syringae DC3000 in wheat, confirming its activity in a homologous system. Overall, this study provides the first evidence for the presence of effectors in Puccinia species suppressing multiple plant defense responses.

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