scholarly journals The circular economy concept in the municipal wastewater and sewage sludge management – site-specific cases from Poland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Jadwiga Kacprzak
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus

Abstract Introduction of the circular economy package as a result of the necessity to protect natural resources has also forced a new approach for effective wastewater and biowaste treatment and management. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have become crucial elements of regional bioeconomy - mainly through energy (waste to energy) and matter (nutrients-energy-water) recovery as an element of sustainable development of a smart city. In Poland in 2019 operated 3278 municipal wastewater treatment plants. To achieve specific effluent goals for BOD, nitrogen and phosphorus, different adaptations and modifications have been made. Modernization of technological lines of wastewater treatment has led to a significant improvement in the quality of treated sewage, at the largest WWTPs in Warsaw, Cracow or Gdansk. Eleven WWTPs produce approx. 34% of the total volume of approx. 337 GWh of electricity from biogas in Poland. The potential of producing electricity from biogas in WWTPs in Poland can be estimated at approx. 700–850 GWh per year. According to the data of the Statistics Poland in 2019 in Poland approx. 25% of sewage sludge was used directly in agriculture and for land reclamation. Simultaneously more than 100 WWTPs produce compost at high quality. However only few produce organic/organic-mineral fertilizers, mainly with addition of calcium.

scholarly journals The specificities of the circular economy (CE) in the municipal wastewater and sewage sludge sector—local circumstances in Poland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malgorzata J. Kacprzak ◽  
Iwona Kupich
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Technology Selection ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment

AbstractWastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have become crucial elements of the regional bioeconomy—mainly through energy (waste to energy) and matter (nutrients–energy–water) recovery as an element of sustainable development of a smart city. In Poland, a decentralized system functioned with 3278 municipal wastewater treatment plants, and less than 80% of the population were connected to public urban wastewater treatment systems. The paper presents the technology selection and implementation of circular economy at WWTPs and the practical approach to challenge of energy-positive and environmentally friendly wastewater and sewage sludge sector. The modernization of technological lines of wastewater treatment has led to a significant improvement in the quality of treated sewage, at the largest WWTPs in Warsaw, Cracow, or Gdansk. Eleven WWTPs produce 34% of the total volume of approximately 337 GWh of electricity from biogas in Poland. The potential of producing electricity from biogas in WWTPs in Poland can be estimated at approximately 700–850 GWh per year. According to the data of the Statistics Poland in Poland, approximately 25% of sewage sludge was used directly in agriculture and for land reclamation. Simultaneously, more than 100 WWTPs produce compost at a high quality. However, only few produce organic/organic-mineral fertilizers, mainly with addition of calcium. Decentralization leads to different technologies used in wastewater treatment plants, and environmental, economic, and social conditions determine the direction of changes and introduction of a circular economy paradigm in the Polish wastewater sector. Graphic abstract

Evaluating the stabilisation degree of digested sewage sludge: investigations at four municipal wastewater treatment plants

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 81-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Parravicini ◽  
E. Smidt ◽  
K. Svardal ◽  
H. Kroiss
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Digested Sludge ◽  
Aerobic Conditions ◽  
Specific Oxygen Uptake Rate ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Digested Sewage Sludge

Further reduction of volatile suspended solids (VSS) during a post-stabilisation step was applied to evaluate the stabilisation degree of digested sewage sludge. For this purpose digested sludge was collected at four municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and further stabilised in lab-scale chemostat reactors either under anaerobic or aerobic conditions. Experimental results showed that even in adequately digested sludge a consistent amount of VSS was degraded during aerobic post-stabilisation. It seems that aerobic conditions play a significant role during degradation of residual VSS. Additionally, specific VSS production (gVSS/peCOD110.d) as well as specific oxygen uptake rate were shown to be suitable parameters to assess the degree of sludge stabilisation at WWTPs. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to reveal changes in the sludge composition. Spectra of treated and untreated sludge samples indicated that the major component of residual VSS in stabilised sludge for instance consisted of biomass, while cellulose was absent.

Efficiency of SBR technology in municipal wastewater treatment plants

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 293-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Steinmetz ◽  
J. Wiese ◽  
T.G. Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants

Four wastewater treatment plants running with sequencing batch reactor (SBR) technology have been evaluated in view of their effluent quality, treatment efficiency and energy demand. The plants are designed for approximately 5,000, 8,000, 15,000 and 25,000 population equivalents (p.e.). Although two of the plants were overloaded during the investigation time the effluent concentrations of nitrogen, especially ammonia, and phosphorus were low. The results show, that SBR plants which are designed according to German standards have additional capacities for degradation of organic matter and removal of nitrogen and phosphorus. Furthermore SBR plants with combined sewer systems are able to treat combined sewage very well. Thus SBR technology proves to be a good alternative for municipal sewage plants and can help to save investment costs.

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