scholarly journals RE: Association of Abnormal Pulmonary Vasculature on CT Scan for COVID-19 Infection with Decreased Diffusion Capacity in Follow Up: a retrospective cohort study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Salerno ◽  
Ifeoma Oriaku ◽  
Melinda Darnell ◽  
Maarten Lanclus ◽  
Jan De Backer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Pulmonary Vasculature ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Tissue Segmentation ◽  
Function Tests

Abstract Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious respiratory viral illness causing pneumonia and systemic disease. Abnormalities in pulmonary function after COVID-19 infection have been described. The determinants of these abnormalities are unclear. We hypothesized that inflammatory biomarkers and CT scan parameters at the time of infection would be associated with abnormal gas exchange at short term follow-up.Methods: We studied subjects who were hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia and then discharged. Serum inflammatory biomarkers, CT scan, and clinical characteristics were assessed during the hospitalization. CT images were evaluated by Functional Respiratory Imaging with automated tissue segmentation algorithms of the lungs and pulmonary vasculature. Volumes of the pulmonary vessels that were ≤5mm (BV5), 5-10mm (BV5_10), and ≥10mm (BV10) in cross sectional area were analyzed. Additionally, the amount of opacification on CT (i.e. ground glass opacities) was quantified in each patient. Pulmonary function tests were performed 2-3 months after discharge. We divided subjects into those with a DLCO <80% predicted (Low DLCO) and those with a DLCO ≥80% predicted (Normal DLCO) based on these pulmonary function tests. Results: 38 subjects were included in our analysis. 31 out of 38 (81.6%) subjects had a DLCO<80% predicted. Hemoglobin, inflammatory biomarkers, spirometry and lung volumes were similar between groups. CT opacification and BV5 were not different between groups, but both Low and Normal DLCO groups had lower BV5 measures compared to healthy controls. BV5_10 and BV10 measures were higher in the Low DLCO group compared to the Normal DLCO group. Both BV5_10 and BV10 in the Low DLCO group were greater compared to healthy controls. BV5_10 was independently associated with DLCO<80% in multivariable logistic regression (OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.01, 1.64). BV10 negatively correlated with DLCO% predicted (r=-0.343, p=0.035). Conclusions: Low DLCO is common after COVID-19 infection, and abnormalities in pulmonary vascular volumes at the time of hospitalization are independently associated with a low DLCO. There was no relationship between inflammatory biomarkers during hospitalization and DLCO. These findings suggest that pulmonary vascular abnormalities during hospitalization with COVID-19 might have long-lasting effects on pulmonary function.

scholarly journals Contribution of pulmonary function tests (PFTs) to the diagnosis and follow up of connective tissue diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Ciancio ◽  
Mauro Pavone ◽  
Sebastiano Emanuele Torrisi ◽  
Ada Vancheri ◽  
Domenico Sambataro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Connective Tissue Diseases ◽  
Function Tests

scholarly journals Long-Term Pulmonary Function in Survivors of Childhood Cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (14) ◽  
pp. 1592-1600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saro H. Armenian ◽  
Wendy Landier ◽  
Liton Francisco ◽  
Claudia Herrera ◽  
George Mills ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Childhood Cancer Survivors ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Over Time

Purpose This study was undertaken to determine the magnitude of pulmonary dysfunction in childhood cancer survivors when compared with healthy controls and the extent (and predictors) of decline over time. Patients and Methods Survivors underwent baseline (t1) pulmonary function tests, followed by a second comprehensive evaluation (t2) after a median of 5 years (range, 1.0 to 10.3 years). Survivors were also compared with age- and sex-matched healthy controls at t2. Results Median age at cancer diagnosis was 16.5 years (range, 0.2 to 21.9 years), and time from diagnosis to t2 was 17.1 years (range, 6.3 to 40.1 years). Compared with odds for healthy controls, the odds of restrictive defects were increased 6.5-fold (odds ratio [OR], 6.5; 95% CI, 1.5 to 28.4; P < .01), and the odds of diffusion abnormalities were increased 5.2-fold (OR, 5.2; 95% CI, 1.8 to 15.5; P < .01). Among survivors, age younger than 16 years at diagnosis (OR, 3.0; 95% CI, 1.2 to 7.8; P = .02) and exposure to more than 20 Gy chest radiation (OR, 5.6; 95% CI, 1.5 to 21.0; P = .02, referent, no chest radiation) were associated with restrictive defects. Female sex (OR, 3.9; 95% CI, 1.7 to 9.5; P < .01) and chest radiation dose (referent: no chest radiation; ≤ 20 Gy: OR, 6.4; 95% CI, 1.7 to 24.4; P < .01; > 20 Gy: OR, 11.3; 95% CI, 2.6 to 49.5; P < .01) were associated with diffusion abnormalities. Among survivors with normal pulmonary function tests at t1, females and survivors treated with more than 20 Gy chest radiation demonstrated decline in diffusion function over time. Conclusion Childhood cancer survivors exposed to pulmonary-toxic therapy are significantly more likely to have restrictive and diffusion defects when compared with healthy controls. Diffusion capacity declines with time after exposure to pulmonary-toxic therapy, particularly among females and survivors treated with high-dose chest radiation. These individuals could benefit from subsequent monitoring.

Follow-up in pulmonary sarcoidosis: comparison between HRCT and pulmonary function tests

2012 ◽  
Vol 117 (6) ◽  
pp. 968-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Gafà ◽  
N. Sverzellati ◽  
E. Bonati ◽  
A. Chetta ◽  
F. Franco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Pulmonary Sarcoidosis ◽  
Function Tests

scholarly journals Correlation of Height Parameter and Pulmonary Function Test with Grade of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma in Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (08) ◽  
pp. 349-352
Author(s):  
Sadaf Choudhary ◽  
Keya Rani Lahiri ◽  
Fehmida Najmuddin
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Test ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Persistent Asthma ◽  
P Value ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Function Test

Introduction: Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma adversely affects height in children and it could be considered as an objective tool to assess severity, compliance and lung functions in children. We studied the correlation between height and pulmonary function tests with classification of allergic rhinitis and asthma. Aims & Objectives: 1) To study the height parameter with the grade of asthma and allergic rhinitis 2) To evaluate the pulmonary function test with the severity of asthma and allergic rhinitis 3) To correlate height and pulmonary function test with the classification of asthma and allergic rhinitis. Material and Methods: A prospective study including 30 patients in the age group of 5-12 years diagnosed with allergic rhinitis (AR) and bronchial asthma was conducted in a private tertiary care hospital in Navi Mumbai. History was entered in a pre-designed proforma and height was measured using a calibrated stadiometer along with pulmonary function tests recorded at the initial and two visits, 3 months apart. Results: Height increased significantly in patients without AR (p-value<0.01), with mild intermittent (p-value=0.02) and mild persistent AR (p-value<0.01) on subsequent visits. Patients with intermittent, mild persistent and moderate persistent asthma showed a statistically significant increase in height (p-value<0.01) with subsequent assessments. No significant increase in height was noted in patients with moderate persistent AR (p-value=0.14) and severe persistent asthma (p-value=0.16). At baseline, the height correlated significantly with FEV1 (p value<0.01), FVC (p value<0.01), Pre and Post-PEFR (p value<0.01, each). This trend continued at the first follow up. At the second follow-up, height correlated significantly with all parameters of pulmonary function tests (p value<0.01 for FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC ratio and PEFR). Conclusion: Height correlation with classification of AR and Asthma along with pulmonary function test has emerged as a simple, safe, cost-effective method in assessing control and monitoring the disease.

Case Studies in Physiology: Temporal Variations of the Lung Parenchyma and Vasculature in Asymptomatic COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Multi-Spectral CT Assessment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Nagpal ◽  
Amin Motahari ◽  
Sarah E Gerard ◽  
Junfeng Guo ◽  
Joseph M. Reinhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Spectral Ct ◽  
Vascular Effects ◽  
Asymptomatic Subject ◽  
Function Tests

This study reports systematic longitudinal pathophysiology of lung parenchymal and vascular effects of asymptomatic COVID-19 pneumonia in a young, healthy never-smoking male. Inspiratory and Expiratory non-contrast along with contrast Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) scans of the chest were performed at baseline on the day of acute COVID-19 diagnosis (Day 0), and across a 90 day period. Despite normal vital signs and pulmonary function tests on the day of diagnosis, the CT scans and corresponding quantification metrics detected abnormalities in parenchymal expansion based on image registration, ground glass (GGO) texture (inflammation) as well as DECT-derived pulmonary blood volume (PBV). Follow-up scans on Day 30 showed improvement in the lung parenchymal mechanics as well as reduced GGO and improved PBV distribution. Improvements in lung PBV continued until Day 90. However, the heterogeneity of parenchymal mechanics and texture-derived GGO increased on Days 60 and 90. We highlight that even asymptomatic COVID-19 infection with unremarkable vital signs and pulmonary function tests can have measurable effects on lung parenchymal mechanics and vascular pathophysiology, which may follow apparently different clinical courses. For this asymptomatic subject, post COVID-19 regional mechanics demonstrated persistent increased heterogeneity concomitant with return of elevated GGOs, despite early improvements in vascular derangement.

scholarly journals Examination of late pulmonary toxicity in children treated for malignancies

2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (9) ◽  
pp. 345-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsófia Jordán ◽  
Zsófia Tokodi ◽  
Ágnes Németh ◽  
Judit Müller ◽  
Mónika Csóka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Pulmonary Toxicity ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Childhood Cancer Survivors ◽  
Lung Function Test ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Pulmonary Disorder ◽  
Survivors Of Childhood Cancer

Introduction: The present investigation was based on a survey in 2005, in which the authors found pulmonary function abnormalities in survivors of childhood cancer, who were treated with anticancer therapy. Aim: The purpose of the present study was to follow-up childhood cancer survivors and detect late pulmonary toxicity. Patients and methods: Lung function test was performed with spirometry in 26 survivors participated in this study (10 females and 16 males; mean age, 19.4 years at the time of the second follow-up evaluation). The average time periods from treatment until the first and second follow-up evaluation were 4.5 and 10 years, respectively. Results: The authors found 14 patients with pathological pulmonary function tests results at the time of the first follow-up evaluation, from which 7 patients had obstructive, 5 patients had mixed and 2 patients had restrictive abnormalities. However, there were only 6 patients who had abnormal pulmonary function at the time of the second follow-up evaluation (2 patients with obstructive and 4 patients with restrictive pulmonary function tests (p<0.05). Conclusion: Restrictive pulmonary disorder was detected in only small part of the treated patients. The obsructive pulmonary abnormalities caused by the treatment showed an improving tendency over time. Orv. Hetil., 2013, 154, 345–350.

Pulmonary Function Tests and CT Scan in the Management of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

1998 ◽  
Vol 158 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTONI XAUBET ◽  
CARLES AGUSTÍ ◽  
PATRICIO LUBURICH ◽  
JOSEP ROCA ◽  
CONCEPCIÓN MONTÓN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Function Tests

Reconstruction of the thoracic wall—long-term follow-up including pulmonary function tests

2008 ◽  
Vol 394 (4) ◽  
pp. 705-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrien Daigeler ◽  
Daniel Druecke ◽  
Mitra Hakimi ◽  
Hans-Werner Duchna ◽  
Ole Goertz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Thoracic Wall ◽  
Function Tests ◽  
Long Term Follow Up
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