Lipidomics Profiling of Skin Surface Lipids in Senile Pruritus

Abstract Background: Senile pruritus is common, yet its etiology remains unknown. Aging-associated skin barrier defects and skin surface lipid (SSL) alterations have been postulated to play important roles in its occurrence. In the present study, the lipidomic profiles of SSLs in elderly patients were examined to better understand the potential causes of senile pruritus. Methods: Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was evaluated to assess the skin barrier function. The Ameliorated Kawashima Itch Scale score was used to measure the pruritus severity. Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and multivariate data analysis were employed to investigate SSL alterations. Results: The results showed that senile pruritus patients had higher TEWL values than control subjects (13.13±4.28 versus 6.71±2.45, p<0.01). LC-MS/MS revealed significant differences in the lipidomic profiles and identified 81 species of SSLs that differed between the two groups. Compared with control subjects, senile pruritus patients had increased levels of ceramides (Cers), diacylglycerols, fatty acids, phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, phytosphingosines, sphingosines, diacylceryl-3-O-carboxyhydroxymethylcholine, diacylglyceryl trimethylhomoserine, and unsaturated free fatty acids, but decreased levels of triacylglycerol. Cer-EOS, Cer-NDS, and Cer-NS were positively correlated with TEWL value (p<0.05). Pruritus severity score was positively correlated with sphingomyelin, Cer-NP, Cer-AS, Cer-NDS, and Cer-NS, but negatively correlated with Cer-BS, Cer-EODS, Cer-EOS, and Cer-AP. Conclusions: The present study indicated that patients with senile pruritus have impaired skin barrier function and altered SSL composition. Certain SSL species identified in this study may be potential targets for future studies on the pathogenesis of senile pruritus.Trial registration: Peking University International Hospital (Number: YN2018QN04; date: January 2019).

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Lipidomics Profiling of Skin Surface Lipids in Senile Pruritus

10.21203/rs.3.rs-26171/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

xiaolei Ma ◽

Lulu Lu ◽

Zheng Zhao ◽

Mingru Cai ◽

Na Gao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Barrier Function ◽

Skin Barrier ◽

Skin Surface ◽

Transepidermal Water Loss ◽

Skin Barrier Function ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Surface Lipids ◽

Peking University ◽

Skin Surface Lipids

Abstract Background: Senile pruritus is common, yet its etiology remains unknown. Aging-associated skin barrier defects and skin surface lipids (SSL) alterations have been postulated to play important roles in its occurrence. In the present study, the lipidomic profiles of SSLs in elderly patients were examined to better understand the potential causes of senile pruritus. Methods: Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was evaluated to assess the skin barrier function. The Ameliorated Kawashima Itch Scale score was used to measure the pruritus severity. Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and multivariate data analysis were employed to investigate SSL alterations. Results: The results showed that senile pruritus patients had higher TEWL values than control subjects (13.13±4.28 versus 6.71±2.45, P<0.01). LC-MS/MS revealed significant differences in the lipidomic profiles and identified 81 species of SSLs that differed between the two groups. Compared with control subjects, senile pruritus patients had increased levels of ceramides (Cers), diacylglycerols, fatty acids, phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, phytosphingosines, sphingosines, diacylceryl-3-O-carboxyhydroxymethylcholine, diacylglyceryl trimethylhomoserine, and unsaturated free fatty acids, but decreased levels of triacylglycerol. Cer-EOS, Cer-NDS, and Cer-NS were positively correlated with TEWL value (P<0.05). Pruritus severity score was positively correlated with sphingomyelin, Cer-NP, Cer-AS, Cer-NDS, and Cer-NS, but negatively correlated with Cer-BS, Cer-EODS, Cer-EOS, and Cer-AP. Conclusions: The present study indicated that patients with senile pruritus have impaired skin barrier function and altered SSL composition. Certain SSL species identified in this study may be potential targets for future studies on the pathogenesis of senile pruritus.Trial registration: Peking University International Hospital (Number: YN2018QN04; date: January 2019).

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Lipidomics Profiling of Skin Surface Lipids in Senile Pruritus

10.21203/rs.3.rs-26171/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

xiaolei Ma ◽

Lulu Lu ◽

Zheng Zhao ◽

Mingru Cai ◽

Na Gao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Barrier Function ◽

Skin Barrier ◽

The Elderly ◽

Skin Surface ◽

Skin Barrier Function ◽

Future Studies ◽

Severity Scores ◽

Surface Lipids ◽

Skin Surface Lipids

Abstract Background: Senile pruritus is common, yet its etiology remains unknown. We examined the lipidomics profiles of skin surface lipids (SSL) in the elderly to better understand potential causes for senile pruritus. Methods:Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) was used to assess skin barrier function. Ameliorated Kawashima itch scale were used to measure the pruritus score. Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and multivariate data analysis were used to investigate SSL alternations. Results:The results showed that the senile pruritus have higher TEWL values than controls (13.13±4.28 versus 6.71±2.45, p< 0.01). LC-MS/MS showed significant differences in lipidomics and identified 81 species of SSL that differ between two groups. Compared to controls, the levels of ceramides, diacylcerols, fatty acids, phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethar, phytosphingsines, sphingosines, diacylceryl-3-O-carboxyhydroxymethylcholine, diacylglyceryl trimethylhomoserine, unsaturated free fatty acids increased, whereas triacylglycerol decreased. CER-EOS, CER-NDS and CER-NS were positively correlated with TEWL values (p<0.05). Sphingomyelin, Cer-NP, Cer-AS, Cer-NDS, Cer-NS were positively correlated with pruritus severity scores, while Cer-BS, Cer-EODS, Cer-EOS, Cer-AP were negatively correlated. Conclusion:Our study indicated that the senile pruritus have impaired skin barrier function and altered SSL composition. Select SSL species identified in this study may be potential target for future studies on the pathogenesis of idiopathic senile pruritus

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Time-Dependent Variations of the Skin Barrier Function in Humans: Transepidermal Water Loss, Stratum Corneum Hydration, Skin Surface pH, and Skin Temperature

Journal of Investigative Dermatology ◽

10.1046/j.1523-1747.1998.00069.x ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 110 (1) ◽

pp. 20-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 179

Author(s):

Gil Yosipovitch ◽

Glen L. Xiong ◽

Erhard Haus ◽

Linda Sackett-Lundeen ◽

Israel Ashkenazi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Loss ◽

Barrier Function ◽

Skin Barrier ◽

Skin Surface ◽

Transepidermal Water Loss ◽

Time Dependent ◽

Skin Barrier Function ◽

Surface Ph ◽

Stratum Corneum Hydration ◽

Skin Surface Ph

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Lipidomic analysis of facial skin surface lipid reveals the causes of pregnancy-related skin barrier weakness

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-82624-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Manli Yang ◽

Mingyue Zhou ◽

Yuan Li ◽

Hong Huang ◽

Yan Jia

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Barrier Function ◽

Skin Barrier ◽

Skin Surface ◽

Individual Species ◽

Average Chain Length ◽

Skin Barrier Function ◽

Control Group ◽

Surface Lipid ◽

Skin Surface Lipid

AbstractSelf-reported skin discomfort is a common problem during pregnancy, but it is not clear whether skin barrier function is altered in the process. Few studies have described the skin barrier function during pregnancy. In this work, we used highly sensitive and high-resolution ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS) to distinguish skin surface lipid (SSL) combined with multivariate analysis of lipids and metabolic changes to determine the relationship between SSL changes and skin physiology during pregnancy in order to better understand the skin condition of pregnant women. The results showed a significant reduction in the total lipid content in pregnant women. A total of 2270 lipids were detected, and the relative abundances of fatty acyls and glycerolipids were significantly reduced, while glycerophospholipids (GPs), sphingolipids, and saccharolipids was significantly increased in the pregnancy group. Multivariate data analysis indicated that 23 entities constituted the most important individual species responsible for the discrimination and phosphatidylcholine was the most abundant lipid in pregnancy group. In addition, compared to SSL profile of control group, it was observed that the average chain length of ceramides and fatty acids both decreased in SSL profile of pregnancy group. The main and most commonly affected pathway was that of GP pathways. These findings indicate that skin lipids are significantly altered in mid-pregnancy compared to the control group. Changes in ostrogen during pregnancy also make the skin more susceptible to inflammatory factors and lead to more fragile and susceptible skin, weakening the skin barrier along with the lipid alterations.

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Diet and Skin Barrier: The Role of Dietary Interventions on Skin Barrier Function

Dermatology Practical & Conceptual ◽

10.5826/dpc.1101a132 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. e2021132

Author(s):

Milbrey A. Parke ◽

Ariadna Perez-Sanchez ◽

Dina H. Zamil ◽

Rajani Katta

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Barrier Function ◽

Laboratory Animal ◽

Skin Barrier ◽

Transepidermal Water Loss ◽

Skin Barrier Function ◽

Dietary Interventions ◽

Stratum Corneum Hydration ◽

Other Substances

Multiple research studies have examined the role of specific dietary interventions and their effects on skin barrier function. The skin barrier is one of the body's first lines of protection against environmental insults, and disruption of this natural line of defense can result in xerosis, irritation, chronic dermatitis, and other cutaneous effects. Multiple laboratory, animal, and human studies have demonstrated that certain dietary interventions have the potential to impact skin barrier function. Measurements of skin barrier function include stratum corneum hydration and transepidermal water loss. In this review, we examine this research and provide an overview of the effects of prebiotics, probiotics, fatty acids, and emerging research on other substances.

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Skin Barrier Function in Psoriasis and Atopic Dermatitis: Transepidermal Water Loss and Temperature as Useful Tools to Assess Disease Severity

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10020359 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 359 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Trinidad Montero-Vilchez ◽

María-Victoria Segura-Fernández-Nogueras ◽

Isabel Pérez-Rodríguez ◽

Miguel Soler-Gongora ◽

Antonio Martinez-Lopez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atopic Dermatitis ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Water Loss ◽

Barrier Function ◽

Skin Barrier ◽

Transepidermal Water Loss ◽

Diagnostic Tools ◽

Psoriatic Skin ◽

Skin Barrier Function ◽

Healthy Controls

Multiple diagnostic tools are used to evaluate psoriasis and atopic dermatitis (AD) severity, but most of them are based on subjective components. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and temperature are skin barrier function parameters that can be objectively measured and could help clinicians to evaluate disease severity accurately. Thus, the aims of this study are: (1) to compare skin barrier function between healthy skin, psoriatic skin and AD skin; and (2) to assess if skin barrier function parameters could predict disease severity. A cross-sectional study was designed, and epidermal barrier function parameters were measured. The study included 314 participants: 157 healthy individuals, 92 psoriatic patients, and 65 atopic dermatitis patients. TEWL was significantly higher, while stratum corneum hydration (SCH) (8.71 vs. 38.43 vs. 44.39 Arbitrary Units (AU)) was lower at psoriatic plaques than at uninvolved psoriatic skin and healthy controls. Patients with both TEWL > 13.85 g·m−2h−1 and temperature > 30.85 °C presented a moderate/severe psoriasis (psoriasis area severity index (PASI) ≥ 7), with a specificity of 76.3%. TEWL (28.68 vs. 13.15 vs. 11.60 g·m−2 h−1) and temperature were significantly higher, while SCH (25.20 vs. 40.95 vs. 50.73 AU) was lower at AD eczematous lesions than uninvolved AD skin and healthy controls. Patients with a temperature > 31.75 °C presented a moderate/severe AD (SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) ≥ 37) with a sensitivity of 81.8%. In conclusion, temperature and TEWL values may help clinicians to determine disease severity and select patients who need intensive treatment.

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Effects of Cast Immobilisation on Skin Barrier Function

Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore ◽

10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2019170 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 49 (6) ◽

pp. 354-359

Author(s):

Chin Yee Woo ◽

Mark JA Koh ◽

Winnie KY Fung ◽

Cheri SH Chan ◽

Chong Bing Chua ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stratum Corneum ◽

Water Loss ◽

Barrier Function ◽

Skin Irritation ◽

Skin Barrier ◽

Transepidermal Water Loss ◽

Skin Barrier Function ◽

Hair Density ◽

Cast Immobilisation ◽

Volar Surface

Introduction: Cast immobilisation remains the mainstay of treatment for various fractures in paediatric patients, yet patients commonly complain of skin irritation and discomfort. This study aimed to perform a qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the effects of cast immobilisation on the skin of children and adolescents. Materials and Methods: Patients aged 6–17 years of age with a fracture treated in a fiberglass short-arm or short-leg cast were recruited. Transepidermal water loss (TEWL), stratum corneum (SC) hydration, hair density and presence of any skin signs were assessed before and after cast. Patients were required to complete a weekly questionnaire to rate itch, malodour, warmth, and dampness of the skin under the cast. Results: A total of 60 subjects completed the study. Thirty-six patients received a short-arm cast; 24 received a short-leg cast. Upon cast removal, TEWL was significantly increased on the volar surface of the arms and legs (P <0.05), and the dorsal surface of the arm (P <0.05). Likewise, SC hydration was significantly increased at most sites (P <0.05), except the volar surface of the leg (P = 0.513). There was no change in hair density. Throughout the duration of casting, there was an increase in itch and malodour scores. Conclusions: Moderate but significant changes in TEWL, SC hydration and subjective symptoms were observed during the duration of cast immobilisation, demonstrating that cast immobilisation for up to 4 weeks exerts moderate adverse impact on patients’ skin. Further studies to explore the use of better materials for cast immobilisation to improve skin barrier function and overall patient satisfaction are warranted. Ann Acad Med Singapore 2020;49:285–93 Ann Acad Med Singapore 2020;49:354–59 Key words: Cast immobilisation, Transepidermal water loss, Stratum corneum hydration

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EMOLLIENT MILK XEMOSE IN THERAPY OF ATOPIC DERMATITIS IN CHILDREN

Rossiiskii Allergologicheskii ZHurnal ◽

10.36691/rja629 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 59-63

Author(s):

E T KINDEEVA ◽

N G KOROTKII ◽

A N PAMPURA

Keyword(s):

Atopic Dermatitis ◽

Clinical Efficacy ◽

Combined Therapy ◽

Allergic Inflammation ◽

Skin Barrier ◽

Skin Surface ◽

Skin Lesions ◽

Transepidermal Water Loss ◽

Skin Barrier Function ◽

Epidermal Barrier

Background. Structural and functional damages of the epidermal barrier in patients with atopic dermatitis promote the entry of allergens and development of Th2-type allergic inflammation. Moisturizers containing lipids increase the physiological antiinflammatory effects of topical corticosteroids (TGKS), improve the epidermal barrier and reduce the duration of TGKS using preventing further infringement barrier. To evaluate the clinical efficacy of emollient milk Xemose in children with atopic dermatitis. Materials and methods. We examined 27 children with atopic dermatitis. Children were divided into 2 groups: patients in group 1 (n=14) used emollient milk Xemose twice a day on the skin lesions and limbs in the complex therapy, patients in the 2nd group (n=13) received combined therapy incorporating traditional dampening agents on the basis of lanolin (Unna cream) 3 times daily. All patients underwent measurement of transepidermal water loss (TEWl) (Tewameter TM 300, Multi Probe Adapter MPA 5/9, Courage + Khazaka) and the pH of the skin (Skin-pH-Meter, Multi Probe Adapter MPA 5/9, Courage + Khazaka) before and after 2 weeks of therapy. Results. Patients in groupthat used Xemose milk and children in group with Unna cream after 2 weeks showed a statistically significant decrease of TEWl (p=0,041 and p=0,04, respectively). TEWl was significantly lower in children treated for 2 weeks with milk Xemose (p=0,027) than in children treated with Unna cream. in both groups pH skin surface have not changed (р=0,22 and р=0,22 respectively). Conclusion. Clinical efficacy of milk Xemose as compound improving skin barrier function in children with atopic dermatitis was shown.

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