The role of Interleukin-33 in patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease

Abstract Background: The neuroprotective role of Interleukin (IL)-33 is supported in numerous pre-clinical studies but remains mostly uninvestigated in clinical studies of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We aimed to examine the association between human blood levels of IL-33 and cognitive preservation in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and AD.Methods: A total of 100 participants (26 controls, 35 aMCI patients, and 39 AD patients) were completed twice Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) over a 1-year interval. At the second MMSE, the 100 participants examined the plasma levels of IL-33, IL-β, IL-1 receptor agonist (IL-1RA), beta amyloid (Aβ), and tau and apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotyping, and Hopkins Verbal Learning Test, Trail Making Test, forward and backward digit span, and Clinical Dementia Rating were performed as well. Results: IL-33 expression showed a positive trend among controls (1/26 = 3.8%), aMCI (9/35 = 25.7%), and AD (17/39 = 43.6%) (trend analysis: P < 0.001). The patients expressing IL-33 preserved their cognitive function compared with IL-33 non-expressing patients (1-year ΔMMSE: 0.16 ± 1.6 vs -1.5 ± 2.6; P = 0.006). The cognitive preservation was not associated with the lower levels of Aβ, tau, and AopE ε4, while higher levels of AopE ε4 and phosphorylated tau were indeed associated with cognitive decline. The aMCI patients with AD conversion during study period had higher proportion of IL-33(-) than non-AD converters (0.9% vs 53.3%, P = 0.04).Conclusions: IL-33 or its associated signaling pathways may represent a new treatment paradigm for aMCI and AD.

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The role of Interleukin-33 in patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease

10.21203/rs.3.rs-26294/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Chih-Sung Liang ◽

Kuan-Pin Su ◽

Chia-Lin Tsai ◽

Jiunn-Tay Lee ◽

Che-Sheng Chu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Clinical Studies ◽

Digit Span ◽

Verbal Learning ◽

Positive Trend ◽

Apoe Ε4

Abstract Background: The neuroprotective role of interleukin (IL)-33 is supported by numerous pre-clinical studies, but it remains uninvestigated in clinical studies of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We aimed to examine the association between human blood levels of IL-33 and cognitive preservation in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and AD.Methods: A total of 100 participants (26 controls, 35 aMCI patients, and 39 AD patients) completed two Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) over a 1-year interval. In all 100 participants at the second MMSE, we examined the plasma levels of IL-33, IL-β, IL-1 receptor agonist (IL-1RA), beta amyloid (Aβ), and tau and apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotyping; we also performed Hopkins Verbal Learning Test, Trail Making Test, forward and backward digit span, and Clinical Dementia Rating. Results: IL-33 expression showed a positive trend among controls (1/26 = 3.8%), aMCI (9/35 = 25.7%), and AD (17/39 = 43.6%) (trend analysis: P < 0.001). Patients expressing IL-33 preserved their cognitive function compared with IL-33 non-expressing patients (1-year ΔMMSE: 0.16 ± 1.6 vs -1.5 ± 2.6; P = 0.006). The cognitive preservation was not associated with the lower levels of Aβ, tau, and ApoE ε4, while higher levels of ApoE ε4 and phosphorylated tau were indeed associated with cognitive decline. The aMCI patients with AD conversion during study period had higher proportion of IL-33(-) than non-AD converters (90.9% vs 53.3%, P = 0.04).Conclusions: IL-33 or its associated signaling pathways may represent a new treatment paradigm for aMCI and AD.

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Event-related potential and EEG oscillatory predictors of verbal memory in mild cognitive impairment

Brain Communications ◽

10.1093/braincomms/fcaa213 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Jiangyi Xia ◽

Ali Mazaheri ◽

Katrien Segaert ◽

David P Salmon ◽

Danielle Harvey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Verbal Memory ◽

Verbal Learning ◽

Event Related Potential ◽

Single Trial ◽

Prodromal Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alpha Beta

Abstract Reliable biomarkers of memory decline are critical for the early detection of Alzheimer’s disease. Previous work has found three EEG measures, namely the event-related brain potential P600, suppression of oscillatory activity in the alpha frequency range (∼10 Hz) and cross-frequency coupling between low theta/high delta and alpha/beta activity, each of which correlates strongly with verbal learning and memory abilities in healthy elderly and patients with mild cognitive impairment or prodromal Alzheimer’s disease. In the present study, we address the question of whether event-related or oscillatory measures, or a combination thereof, best predict the decline of verbal memory in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease. Single-trial correlation analyses show that despite a similarity in their time courses and sensitivities to word repetition, the P600 and the alpha suppression components are minimally correlated with each other on a trial-by-trial basis (generally |rs| < 0.10). This suggests that they are unlikely to stem from the same neural mechanism. Furthermore, event-related brain potentials constructed from bandpass filtered (delta, theta, alpha, beta or gamma bands) single-trial data indicate that only delta band activity (1–4 Hz) is strongly correlated (r = 0.94, P < 0.001) with the canonical P600 repetition effect; event-related potentials in higher frequency bands are not. Importantly, stepwise multiple regression analyses reveal that the three event-related brain potential/oscillatory measures are complementary in predicting California Verbal Learning Test scores (overall R2’s in 0.45–0.63 range). The present study highlights the importance of combining EEG event-related potential and oscillatory measures to better characterize the multiple mechanisms of memory failure in individuals with mild cognitive impairment or prodromal Alzheimer’s disease.

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Lexical semantic memory in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer's disease

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/s0004-282x2007000400014 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 65 (3a) ◽

pp. 619-622 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Marcio L.F. Balthazar ◽

José E. Martinelli ◽

Fernando Cendes ◽

Benito P. Damasceno

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Semantic Memory ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Verbal Learning ◽

Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Memory Tests ◽

Lexical Semantic

OBJECTIVE: To study lexical semantic memory in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) and normal controls. METHOD: Fifteen mild AD, 15 aMCI, and 15 normal control subjects were included. Diagnosis of AD was based on DSM-IV and NINCDS-ADRDA criteria, and that of aMCI, on the criteria of the International Working Group on Mild Cognitive Impairment, using CDR 0.5 for aMCI and CDR 1 for mild AD. All subjects underwent semantic memory tests (Boston Naming-BNT, CAMCOG Similarities item), Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE), neuropsychological tests (counterproofs), and Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia. Data analysis used Mann-Whitney test for intergroup comparisons and Pearson's coefficient for correlations between memory tests and counterproofs (statistical significance level was p<0.05). RESULTS: aMCI patients were similar to controls on BNT and Similarities, but worse on MMSE and RAVLT. Mild AD patients scored significantly worse than aMCI and controls on all tests. CONCLUSION: aMCI impairs episodic memory but tends to spare lexical semantic system, which can be affected in the early phase of AD.

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The Role of Dietary and Lifestyle Factors in Maintaining Cognitive Health

American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine ◽

10.1177/1559827617701066 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 268-285 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Nathalie E. Marchand ◽

Majken K. Jensen

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Lower Risk ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Cognitive Health ◽

Healthy Diets ◽

Global Population

Concern over loss of cognitive function, including descent into Alzheimer’s disease or dementia, grips a growing percentage of men and women worldwide as the global population ages. Many studies, though not all, suggest that maintaining cognitive health, as well as slowing and even preventing cognitive decline, dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease, can be achieved by consuming healthy diets over a long enough period of time. This appears to be the case even for those who initiated dietary changes later in life, as evidenced by an intervention study assessing consumption of a healthy diet among those who were >50 years of age. All such diets share the common traits of being rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fish or seafood, while also being low in red meat and sweets. A Mediterranean-style diet shares these characteristics and has been associated with an estimated 40% lower risk of cognitive impairment, including mild cognitive impairment, dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease in prospective studies, in addition to being associated with both a 65% lower risk of mild cognitive impairment and improved cognitive performance in a notable randomized controlled trial.

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