Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Analysis of Pvmdr-1 in Plasmodium Vivax Isolated From Military Personnel of Republic of Korea in 2016 and 2017

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Jong Bong ◽  
Wonsig Lee ◽  
Qu-Ehn Park ◽  
Kyung Tae Noh
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Vivax ◽  
Chloroquine Resistance ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Malaria Chemoprophylaxis ◽  
Resistance Protein

Abstract Background: Malaria chemoprophylaxis using chloroquine and primaquine has been administered to resident soldiers in the 3rd Army of Republic of Korea (ROK) to prevent malaria infection since the year 1997. Due to mass chemoprophylaxis against malaria, concern exists about occurrence of chloroquine resistance. Herein, we investigated the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the Plasmodium vivax multi-drug resistance protein-1 (Pvmdr-1) gene to monitor the risk of chloroquine resistance.Methods: To evaluate the risk of malaria chemoprophylaxis, SNPs of the Pvmdr-1 gene were analysed in 73 soldiers of the 3rd Army of ROK diagnosed with infection by Plasmodium vivax. Results: Quintuple mutations (G698S, L845F, M908L, T958M, and F1076L) were detected in 73 soldiers. Mutation in the Y541C position was detected in soldiers at a frequency of 1.3% (1/73). In addition, silent mutations were detected at positions 44K, 493L, 529T, and 1233E. Based on these SNPs, Pvmdr-1 sequences of ROK were classified into 6 haplotypes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the neighbourhood of the 6 haplotypes were Chaina_NB-16 and Papua New Guinea-PNG58 (Figure 1).Conclusions: Genetic- or phenotypic-based chloroquine resistance was not observed. However, various SNPs including a newly identified non-synonymous mutation (Y541C) have been introduced into Plasmodium vivax malaria endemic areas in ROK. Thus, to prevent the emergence of chloroquine resistance, continuous surveillance for SNPs of Pvmdr-1 related with chloroquine resistance is essential in the malaria chemoprophylaxis-executed regions of ROK.

scholarly journals Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Analysis of Pvmdr-1 in Plasmodium Vivax Isolated from Military Personnel of Republic of Korea in 2016 and 2017

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Jong Bong ◽  
Wonsig Lee ◽  
Qu-Ehn Park ◽  
Kyung Tae Noh
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Vivax ◽  
Chloroquine Resistance ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Malaria Chemoprophylaxis ◽  
Synonymous Mutations

Abstract Background: Malaria chemoprophylaxis using chloroquine (CQ) and primaquine (PQ) has been administered to resident soldiers in the 3rd Army of Republic of Korea (ROK) to prevent malaria infection since the year 1997. Due to mass chemoprophylaxis against malaria, concern exists about occurrence of chloroquine resistance (CQR). Herein, we investigated the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the Plasmodium vivax multi-drug resistance protein-1 (pvmdr-1) gene to monitor the risk of CQR. Methods: SNPs of the pvmdr-1 gene were analyzed in 73 soldiers of the 3rd Army of ROK diagnosed with infection by Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax). Results: Quintuple mutations (G698S, L845F, M908L, T958M, and F1076L) were detected in 73 soldiers. Mutation in the Y541C position was firstly detected in soldiers at a frequency of 1.3% (1/73). In addition, synonymous mutations were detected at positions K44, L493, T529, and E1233. Based on these SNPs, pvmdr-1 sequences of ROK were classified into 6 haplotypes. The phylogenetic analysis closed to Type of North Korean showed that P. vivax malaria of ROK could be a reason of influx from North Korea. In this study, there was no therapeutic resistance (CQ-mediated parasite clearance within 72 hours) for clinical samples that possessed various SNPs of pvmdr-1. Various SNPs including a newly identified non-synonymous mutation (Y541C) had been introduced into P. vivax malaria-endemic areas in ROK. Conclusions: Our study showed that synonymous and non-synonymous mutations of pvmdr-1 were introduced to the malaria chemoprophylaxis-executed regions of ROK from 2016 to 2017. Thus, to prevent the emergence of CQR, continuous surveillance for SNPs of pvmdr-1 related with CQR in the malaria-endemic regions of ROK is essential.

scholarly journals Analysis of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the crt-o and mdr1 Genes of Plasmodium vivax among Chloroquine-Resistant Isolates from the Brazilian Amazon Region

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 3561-3564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Orjuela-Sánchez ◽  
Franklin Simões de Santana Filho ◽  
Ariane Machado-Lima ◽  
Yonne Francis Chehuan ◽  
Mônica Regina Farias Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Plasmodium Vivax ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Chloroquine Resistance ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Noncoding Sequences ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region ◽  
Virulent Phenotype

ABSTRACT Plasmodium vivax parasites with chloroquine resistance (CQR) are already circulating in the Brazilian Amazon. Complete single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analyses of coding and noncoding sequences of the pvmdr1 and pvcrt-o genes revealed no associations with CQR, even if some mutations had not been randomly selected. In addition, striking differences in the topologies and numbers of SNPs in these transporter genes between P. vivax and P. falciparum reinforce the idea that mechanisms other than mutations may explain this virulent phenotype in P. vivax.

Single nucleotide polymorphism analysis reveals heterogeneity within a seedling tree population of a polyembryonic mango cultivar

Genome ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 319-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Winterhagen ◽  
Jens-Norbert Wünsche
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Ethylene Receptor ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Receptor Isoforms ◽  
Tree Population ◽  
Seedling Tree

Within a polyembryonic mango seedling tree population, the genetic background of individuals should be identical because vigorous plants for cultivation are expected to develop from nucellar embryos representing maternal clones. Due to the fact that the mango cultivar ‘Hôi’ is assigned to the polyembryonic ecotype, an intra-cultivar variability of ethylene receptor genes was unexpected. Ethylene receptors in plants are conserved, but the number of receptors or receptor isoforms is variable regarding different plant species. However, it is shown here that the ethylene receptor MiETR1 is present in various isoforms within the mango cultivar ‘Hôi’. The investigation of single nucleotide polymorphisms revealed that different MiETR1 isoforms can not be discriminated simply by individual single nucleotide exchanges but by the specific arrangement of single nucleotide polymorphisms at certain positions in the exons of MiETR1. Furthermore, an MiETR1 isoform devoid of introns in the genomic sequence was identified. The investigation demonstrates some limitations of high resolution melting and ScreenClust analysis and points out the necessity of sequencing to identify individual isoforms and to determine the variability within the tree population.

scholarly journals P-0022 Association Between C3435T Single Nucleotide Polymorphism of Multi-Drug Resistance 1 Gene and Risk of Gastric Cancer

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. iv37-iv38
Author(s):  
Juliana Oliveira ◽  
Aledson Felipe ◽  
Paula Chang ◽  
Tiago da Silva ◽  
Célia Pimenta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Single Nucleotide

scholarly journals Whole-Genome Single-Nucleotide-Polymorphism Analysis for Discrimination of Clostridium botulinum Group I Strains

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (7) ◽  
pp. 2125-2132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narjol Gonzalez-Escalona ◽  
Ruth Timme ◽  
Brian H. Raphael ◽  
Donald Zink ◽  
Shashi K. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Clostridium Botulinum ◽  
Toxin Gene ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Snp Analysis ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Group I

ABSTRACTClostridium botulinumis a genetically diverse Gram-positive bacterium producing extremely potent neurotoxins (botulinum neurotoxins A through G [BoNT/A-G]). The complete genome sequences of three strains harboring only the BoNT/A1 nucleotide sequence are publicly available. Although these strains contain a toxin cluster (HA+OrfX−) associated with hemagglutinin genes, little is known about the genomes of subtype A1 strains (termed HA−OrfX+) that lack hemagglutinin genes in the toxin gene cluster. We sequenced the genomes of three BoNT/A1-producingC. botulinumstrains: two strains with the HA+OrfX−cluster (69A and 32A) and one strain with the HA−OrfX+cluster (CDC297). Whole-genome phylogenic single-nucleotide-polymorphism (SNP) analysis of these strains along with other publicly availableC. botulinumgroup I strains revealed five distinct lineages. Strains 69A and 32A clustered with theC. botulinumtype A1 Hall group, and strain CDC297 clustered with theC. botulinumtype Ba4 strain 657. This study reports the use of whole-genome SNP sequence analysis for discrimination ofC. botulinumgroup I strains and demonstrates the utility of this analysis in quickly differentiatingC. botulinumstrains harboring identical toxin gene subtypes. This analysis further supports previous work showing that strains CDC297 and 657 likely evolved from a common ancestor and independently acquired separate BoNT/A1 toxin gene clusters at distinct genomic locations.

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