Physical Function and Clinical Outcomes in Hemodialysis Patients: The China Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Pattern Study
Abstract Background: Hemodialysis (HD) patients usually have impaired physical function compared with general population. Self-reported physical function is a simple method to implement in daily dialysis care. This study aimed to examine the association of self-reported physical function with clinical outcomes of HD patients.Methods: Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS) is a prospective cohort study. Data on 1427 HD patients in China DOPPS5 were analyzed. Self-reported physical function was characterized by 2 items of ‘moderate activities limited level’ and ’climbing stairs limited level’. Demographic data, comorbidities, hospitalization and death records were collected from patients’ records. Associations between physical function and outcomes were analyzed using COX regression models. The generalized linear mixed models were used to examine correlates of physical function limited level.Results: Compared to ‘limited a lot’ in moderate activities, ‘limited a little’ and ‘not limited at all’ groups were associated with lower all-cause mortality after adjusted for covariates (HR: 0.652, 95% CI: 0.435-0.977 and HR: 0.472, 95% CI: 0.241-0.927, respectively). And not limited in moderate activities was associated with lower risk of hospitalization compared with ‘limited a lot’ group after adjusted for covariates (HR: 0.747, 95% CI: 0.570-0.978). Meanwhile, compared to ‘limited a lot’ in climbing stairs, ‘limited a little’ and ‘not limited at all’ groups were associated with lower all-cause mortality (HR: 0.574, 95% CI: 0.380-0.865 and HR: 0.472, 95% CI: 0.293-0.762, respectively) but not hospitalization after fully adjusted. Factors including old age, female gender, longer dialysis vintage, catheter use, low serum albumin and combining with diabetes, coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular disease were related to higher limited levels of physical function (P < 0.05).Conclusion: Higher limited levels in self-reported physical function were associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality and hospitalization in HD patients.