scholarly journals Transmission characteristics of allexiviruses by the eriophyid mite, Aceria tulipae (Keifer) (Acari: Eriophyidae) from naturally mixed infected garlic (Allium sativum L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faten Mansouri ◽  
Katja R. Richert-Pöggeler ◽  
Mariusz Lewandowski ◽  
Pavel Ryšánek
Keyword(s):  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Allium Porrum ◽  
Mixed Infections ◽  
Transmission Characteristics ◽  
Eriophyid Mite ◽  
Access Period ◽  
Aceria Tulipae ◽  
Inoculation Access Period ◽  
Mode Of Transmission

Abstract The transmission characteristics of members of the genus Allexivirus to leek (Allium porrum L.) by its eriophyid mite vector, Aceria tulipae (Keifer), were studied. Prior to conducting transmission tests, colonies of nonviruliferous A. tulipae were established on healthy leek seedlings. A single A. tulipae transmitted the viruses with up to 50 % efficiency but transmission efficiency increased when > 10 mites per plant were used. Allexiviruses were acquired by A. tulipae after a minimum acquisition access period (AAP) of 30 minutes, whereas transmission tests suggest that a one hour inoculation access period (IAP) was needed for successful transmission. Allexiviruses were transmitted from garlic to leek plants by A. tulipae and mixed infections by more than one virus were observed. ShVX, GarV-A, -C, -D, and -B were detected in most inoculated plants, whereas other members of the genus (GarV-E, -X, and GarMbFV) were found only occasionally. None of the mites that originated from eggs deposited on infected plants transmitted allexiviruses, indicating that the viruses are not transmitted transovarially. No latent period was demonstrated. Taken together, these data suggest a semipersistent mode of transmission of Allexivirus members by A. tulipae. The output of this study will assist in the better management of the vector and the associated diseases.

scholarly journals Transmission of Pigeon pea sterility mosaic virus by the Eriophyid Mite, Aceria cajani (Acari: Arthropoda)

Plant Disease ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (12) ◽  
pp. 1297-1302 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. K. Kulkarni ◽  
P. Lava Kumar ◽  
V. Muniyappa ◽  
A. Teifion Jones ◽  
D. V. R. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Transmission Characteristics ◽  
Acquisition Access Period ◽  
Eriophyid Mite ◽  
Access Period ◽  
Inoculation Access Period ◽  
Mode Of Transmission

The transmission characteristics of Pigeon pea sterility mosaic virus (PPSMV) to pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) by its eriophyid mite vector, Aceria cajani, were studied. Nonviruliferous A. cajani colonies were established on detached healthy leaflets of a PPSMV-immune pigeon pea cultivar floating on water. The transmission efficiency of single A. cajani was up to 53% but was 100% when >5 mites per plant were used. A. cajani acquired PPSMV after a minimum acquisition access period (AAP) of 15 min and inoculated virus after a minimum inoculation access period (IAP) of 90 min. No latent period was observed. Starvation of A. cajani prior to, or following, PPSMV acquisition reduced the minimum AAP and IAP periods to 10 min and 60 min, respectively, and mites retained virus for up to 13 h. None of the mites that developed from eggs taken from PPSMV-infected leaves transmitted the virus, indicating that it is not transmitted transovarially. Taken together, these data suggest a semipersistent mode of transmission of PPSMV by A. cajani.

scholarly journals Biology of the Transmission of Peach Mosaic Virus by Eriophyes insidiosus (Acari: Eriophyidae)

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
pp. 1371-1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Gispert ◽  
George N. Oldfield ◽  
Thomas M. Perring ◽  
Rebecca Creamer
Keyword(s):  
Latent Period ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Acquisition Access Period ◽  
Access Period ◽  
Eriophyid Mites ◽  
Inoculation Access Period

Experiments were undertaken to elucidate the characteristics of the transmission of peach mosaic virus (PMV) by Eriophyes insidiosus. Transmission efficiency by single E. insidiosus was as high as 17%. The minimum inoculation access period was between 3 and 6 h. E. insidiosus acquired the virus after a minimum acquisition access period of 3 days. No latent period was demonstrated. While most plant viruses which are transmitted by eriophyid mites are transmitted in a persistent mode, our data are more consistent with a semipersistent model.

Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of leek (Allium porrum) and garlic (Allium sativum)

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Eady ◽  
Sheree Davis ◽  
Andrew Catanach ◽  
Fernand Kenel ◽  
Sarah Hunger
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Allium Porrum

scholarly journals Transmission Efficiency of Papaya ringspot virus by Three Aphid Species

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 541-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Kalleshwaraswamy ◽  
N. K. Krishna Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
Leaf Disk ◽  
Ringspot Virus ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Infected Leaf ◽  
Papaya Ringspot Virus ◽  
Access Period ◽  
Virus Retention ◽  
Aphid Inoculation

The transmission efficiency of Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV) by three aphid vectors (i.e., Aphis gossypii, A. craccivora, and Myzus persicae) was studied. Efficiency was measured by single-aphid inoculation, group inoculation (using five aphids), duration of virus retention, and the number of plants following a single acquisition access period (AAP) to which the aphids could successfully transmit the virus. Single-aphid inoculation studies indicated that M. persicae (56%) and A. gossypii (53%) were significantly more efficient in transmitting PRSV than A. craccivora (38%). Further, in the former two species, the time required for initiation of the first probe on the inoculation test plant was significantly shorter compared to A. craccivora. PRSV transmission efficiency was 100% in all three species when a group of five aphids were used per plant. There was a perceptible decline in transmission efficiency as the sequestration period increased, although M. persicae successfully transmitted PRSV after 30 min of sequestration. A simple leaf-disk assay technique was employed for evaluating the transmission efficiency of three species of aphids. The results of leaf-disk assays also indicated that A. gossypii (48%) and M. persicae (56%) were more efficient PRSV vectors than A. craccivora. Using leaf-disk assays, the ability of individual aphids to inoculate PRSV serially to a number of plants was studied. Following a single AAP on an infected leaf, M. persicae was more efficient than the other two species with 52.5% transmission after the first inoculation access period (IAP). However, its inoculation efficiency significantly decreased with the second and subsequent IAPs. A. gossypii was able to transmit PRSV sequentially up to four successive leaf disks, but with significantly declining efficiency. Since A. gossypii is reported to be the numerically dominant vector in south India in addition to being a more efficient vector capable of inoculating PRSV to multiple plants, it should be the target vector for control strategies.

Leek yellow stripe virus. [Distribution map].

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Allium Porrum ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Leek Yellow Stripe Virus ◽  
Yellow Stripe ◽  
Virus Distribution ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Leek yellow stripe virus. Potyviridae: Potyvirus. Hosts: leek (Allium porrum) and garlic (Allium sativum). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Italy (mainland Italy, Sicily), Netherlands, Slovenia, Sweden), Asia (Bangladesh, China (Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Shandong, Yunnan, Zhejiang), Indonesia (Java), Iran, Japan (Honshu), Thailand, Yemen), North America (Mexico, USA (Washington)), South America (Argentina, Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul), Colombia, Uruguay, Venezuela), Oceania (Australia (Victoria), New Zealand). It is transmitted in the non-persistent manner by aphids including Aphis fabae and Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae).

The Eriophyid Mite Aceria tulipae (K.) (Acarina: Eriophyidae) and Silver Top in Grasses

1961 ◽  
Vol 93 (8) ◽  
pp. 644-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. D. Holmes ◽  
G. E. Swailes ◽  
G. A. Hobbs
Keyword(s):  
Chlorinated Hydrocarbons ◽  
Eriophyid Mite ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Aceria Tulipae ◽  
Fusarium Poae

Sterility of grasses caused by a constricted brown region, usually in the upper internode, is commonly described as silver top because of the bleached appearance of the inflorescence. Hodgkiss (1908) reported that silver top was caused by the mite, Siteroptes graminum (Reuter), in conjunction with the fungus, Fusarium poae (Pk.) Wr. Brown et al. (1952) found that in the greenhouse several chlorinated hydrocarbons controlled S. graminum. Hardison et al. (1957) reported that S. graminum in combination with F. poae was of little importance in causing silver top of cultivated grasses in western Oregon. They suggested that two thrips of the genus Aptinothrips might be the primary cause. They recommended DDT or heptachlor applied in late April or early May. They also found that post-harvest burning reduced silver top.

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