scholarly journals Production of Virus Free Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) through Meristem Culture and Chemotherapy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neja Jemal ◽  
Tileye Feyissa
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Meristem Culture ◽  
Virus Diseases ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
Planting Materials

Abstract Background: Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) ranks the seventh most important crop in the world. As it is propagated vegetatively, viruses accumulate from generation to generation and seriously affect its yield and quality. Currently virus diseases especially double infections are the major constraints of sweetpotato production. Meristem culture, chemotherapy and thermotherapy methods are suggested as the methods of choice to produce virus free planting materials although the success varies among different reports. The objective of this study was to produce virus free sweet potato planting materials through meristem culture and chemotherapy. The micropropagated plants were tested for the viruses. Results: All of the stock plants of the four varieties of sweet potato tested for 10 different viruses using Nitrocellulose Membranes Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (NCM-ELISA) were found to be infected with Sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV). In addition, Sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (SPCSV) was detected in ‘Ogensegen’ variety. Among the four varieties of sweet potato, ‘Beletech’ showed best performance resulting in 90% shoot initiation from meristem on MS medium containing 1.0 mg/l 6-benzyl amino purine (BAP), 2.0 mg/l Gibberellin (GA3) and 0.01 mg/l a-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). In addition, the highest mean shoot number per explant (8.0 ± 6.2) was obtained from the same variety on shoot multiplication medium containing 2.0 mg/l BAP. This variety showed 100% rooting and 4.2±2.0 mean root number on growth regulator free medium. After acclimatization, 91.4% of plants survived. All in vitro propagated plants from meristem culture and shoots cultured on medium containing 20 mg/l and 30 mg/l ribavirin were virus free. Conclusions: This protocol can be used to produce virus free planting materials of sweet potato and distribute to the farmers to overcome the current serious sweet potato virus diseases in East Africa.

scholarly journals In vitro propagation of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) cultivars

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Abubakar ◽  
S. U. Yahaya ◽  
A. S. Shaibu ◽  
S. U. Yahaya ◽  
H. Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Media ◽  
Planting Materials

The study is aimed at establishing a simple protocol for in vitro regeneration of sweet potato with a view to providing planting materials to farmers as well as basis for genetic improvement. Axillary buds were excised and cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal salts supplemented with 6-benzyl aminopurine (BAP), gibberellic acid (GA3) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) singly or in combination. The shoot height and number of leaves differed significantly among the cultivars. The result also indicated significant difference (p less than 0.01) among the cultivars with King J recording the highest mean values. Significant differences (p less than 0.05) was also recorded in the media combination with respect to organogenesis and number of shoots obtained. The results of hardening further revealed 33.33% success in the explants transferred directly to the field, as well as for the plantlets that were gradually weaned in a mixture of 3:1 sand and biochar.

scholarly journals The Response of Vegetable Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas Lam) Nodes to Different Concentrations of Encapsulation Agent and MS Salts

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Shehu A. Tadda ◽  
Xiaohua Kui ◽  
Hongjuan Yang ◽  
Min Li ◽  
Zhehong Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Zygotic Embryogenesis ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Long Shoots ◽  
Planting Materials

As an emerging technology, shoot encapsulation has been employed in germplasm conservation, distribution, and micropropagation of elite plant species. However, the production of synthetic seeds of sweet potato via non-zygotic embryogenesis requires a large number of embryos per cultured callus suspension and is labour-intensive. Here, we reported a simple method of encapsulating in vitro derived vegetable sweet potato nodal segments with sodium alginate, calcium chloride (CaCl2), and Murashige and Skoog (MS) salts. The nodes encapsulated with 4% sodium alginate (w/v) and 100 mM CaCl2 were the most suitable for propagation. They had uniform spherical beads and took the least number of days to shoot and root emergence. These plantlets produced more leaves, roots, and long shoots. Further evaluation of the MS salts concentration revealed that the plantlets encapsulated and grown with ½ MS salts had the least days to shoot and root emergence. They also had a longer shoot, the highest conversion rate (99%), and the least leaf abscission (17%). Thus, the sweet potato nodal segments encapsulated with 4% sodium alginate, 100 mM CaCl2, and ½ MS salts could be used as excellent material for micropropagation, germplasm conservation, and exchange of sweet potato planting materials.

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation and Acclimatization of Banana Plants: Antioxidant Enzymes, Chemical Assessments and Genetic Stability of Regenerates as a Response to Copper Sulphate

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1853
Author(s):  
Doaa M. Abou Elyazid ◽  
Abdel-Moety Salama ◽  
Abdel Fattah M. El Zanaty ◽  
Neama Abdalla
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Genetic Stability ◽  
Copper Sulphate ◽  
Electrolyte Leakage ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Planting Materials

Developing a successful protocol for banana in vitro culture is a guarantee for the mass propagation of pathogen-free, high-quality, true-to-type planting materials with low production costs. The current work aimed to investigate the influence of increasing copper levels in an MS medium on endophytic bacterial contamination; shoot multiplication; rooting and the acclimatization of in vitro cultured banana; minerals and chlorophyll content; antioxidant enzymes activity; electrolyte leakage; and the genetic stability of banana regenerants. Four different concentrations of copper sulphate (0.025 as a control, and 30, 60, and 120 mg L−1) were examined. The growth of the endophytic bacteria was inhibited at 60 mg L−1 of copper sulphate which recorded zero contamination, without a significant difference at 120 mg L−1. However, 0.025 mg L−1 of copper sulphate was optimal for the maximum shoot number and shoot length (10 shoots and 6 cm, respectively) without significant differences at 30 mg L−1. The root length of banana plantlets was significantly enhanced at 30 mg L−1 of copper sulphate but without significant differences to the control, regarding the number of roots (9.92 cm and 3.80 roots, respectively). In vitro plants were acclimatized successfully at 30 mg L−1 of copper sulphate with 100% survival. The uptake of minerals, antioxidant enzyme activity and electrolyte leakage was improved because of the copper sulphate, but the chlorophyll level decreased. RAPD profiling showed polymorphism in only one plant treated with 60 mg L−1 of copper sulphate, with an average of 1.8%. The genome template stability percentage was almost 100% for all treated plants.

scholarly journals Investigating the Response to Meristem Culture of Four Regional Sweetpotato Varieties in the Western Highlands of Cameroon

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Eugene L. Tatah ◽  
Christopher T. Chi ◽  
Balgah A. Roland ◽  
Nardine D. Nsaidzeka
Keyword(s):  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Meristem Culture ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
The Media ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
Staple Crop ◽  
Disease Free

In the Western highlands of Cameroon where sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is an inevitable staple crop during the dry season, farmers cherish local which are presently under the risk of extinction due to accumulation of pest and diseases. Guaranteeing sustainable Sweetpotato production in this region therefore requires providing farmers with disease free planting materials such as tissue cultures. This study was conducted to investigate the feasibility of introducing disease free planting materials from meristem culture of EX-KOLB, EX-GUZANG2, EX-WIDIKUM3 and EX-NKAMBE1 which are four regional sweetpotato varieties common in the Western highlands of Cameroon. Test tubes containing growing media and meristems from each of the varieties were labeled and laid out in a completely randomized experimental design (CRD) with four replications and four treatments. Data on the number of sprouted meristems, number of rooted meristems, number of meristems contaminated, number of meristems that died, average heights of developed plants, average number of nodes on the developed plants, and average number of leaves on the developed plants was collected over a period of 8 weeks at 2 weeks interval. Meristems from all the landraces sprouted in the media used and the differences in the mean number of sprouted meristem between the landraces were significant (P<0.05). EX-GUZANG2 gave the highest mean of sprouted meristems of (2.75) and EX-WIDIKUM3 the lowest (0.75). According to ANOVA response of meristems from the four landraces to the media used differed significantly only in number sprouted, number of contaminated and number dead meristems as well as number of nodes(P<0.05). No significant differences were observed with number of contaminated and dead meristems, rooting as well plant height, number of leaves and nodes formed(P>0.05).This genotype-dependent response to media used for in vitro regeneration by plants has been observed by many studies. However meristems from EX-GUZANG2 and EX-KOLB showed greater positive respond to this media and merit further studies for the purpose of this experiment.

scholarly journals Biochemistry of postharvest spoilage of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.). 2. Comparison of cellulolytic enzyme production in cultures and fungi-infected sweet potato tubers

2006 ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
R. C. Ray
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Enzyme Production ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Rhizopus Oryzae ◽  
Cellulose Synthesis ◽  
Cellulolytic Enzyme ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Potato Tubers

The study was conducted to determine the production in vitro and in vivo of cellulases by Botrydiplodia theobromae and Rhizopus oryzae. Isolates of these organisms were obtained from the postharvest decay of sweetpotato tubers. Results revealed that B. theobrornae and R. oryzae which were isolated from postharvest spoilage of sweetpotato tubers produced endo-13-1,4-glucanase and exo-V-1 ,4-glucanase in culture and in fungi-infected tissues of sweetpotato tubers. The optimum temperature and pH for cellulose synthesis and activity were 30°C and pH 6.5, respectively.

scholarly journals Effect of cytokinins and auxin on bud burst and direct organogenesis in vitro of some sweet potato landraces (Ipomoea batatas L.) grown in Benin

2019 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 13347
Author(s):  
Arsène M. Doussoh ◽  
Justine Sossou Dangou ◽  
Gilles H.T. Cacaï ◽  
Serge S. Houedjissin ◽  
Corneille Ahanhanzo
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Bud Burst
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